Acteonoidea

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Acteonoidea
Live Hydatina physis
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class:
Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Subterclass: Acteonimorpha
Superfamily: Acteonoidea
d'Orbigny, 1843
Diversity[1]
about 150 species

Acteonoidea is a

mollusks
.

Taxonomy

Acteon tornatilis shell.

In the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), the superfamily Acteonoidea has been included into the informal group "Lower Heterobranchia" (Heterostropha sensu Ponder & Warén, 1988), also known as the Allogastropoda.[2]

Only one of analyses by Jörger et al. (2010)

synapomorphies in the reproductive system (presence of a ciliary stripe within the ampulla, androdiaulic or triaulic pallial gonoduct), Ghiselin already suggested a relationship between Acteonoidea and Nudipleura.[3] However, Acteonoidea form a well-supported "lower heterobranch" clade with Rissoelloidea, confirming results by Aktipis et al. and Dinapoli and Klussmann-Kolb.[3] The latter authors also recovered Nudipleura as the first offshoot of Euthyneura, which is confirmed by Jörger et al. (2010) study. Salvini-Plawen and Steiner grouped Umbraculoidea with Nudipleura, but none of the recent molecular or morphological studies support such a relationship.[3]

Families

The following five families have been recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005):[2]

Description

All acteonoids have a

prosobranchs. Some of the members are able to withdraw completely into the shell and to close the shell with an operculum, e.g. Acteon tornatilis.[4]

Anatomy

No defensive strategies are known from these animals although histological investigations show a highly glandular area in the

mucopolysaccharides.[4]

Feeding habits

Acteonidae and Aplustridae are carnivorous and mainly feed on polychaetes.[4]

References

This article incorporates

CC-BY-2.0 text from references.[3][4]