Adipokine
The adipokines, or adipocytokines (Greek adipo-, fat; cytos-, cell; and -kinos, movement) are cytokines (cell signaling proteins) secreted by adipose tissue. Some contribute to an obesity-related low-grade state of inflammation or to the development of metabolic syndrome, a constellation of diseases including, but not limited to, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis.[1] The first adipokine to be discovered was leptin in 1994.[2] Since that time, hundreds of adipokines have been discovered.[3]
Members include:
- Leptin
- Adiponectin
- Apelin[4]
- chemerin[5]
- interleukin-6 (IL-6)[6]
- monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1)[7]
- plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)
- retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4)
- tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα)[8]
- visfatin
- omentin
- vaspin (SERPINA12)
- progranulin
- CTRP-4
Interleukin 8 (IL-8), interleukin 10 (IL-10), interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and inducible protein 10 (IP-10 or CXCL10) have been shown to be associated with excessive body weight.[9]
See also
Notes
- PMID 27529061.
- PMID 22038756.
- S2CID 19427071.
- ^ Guo L, Li Q, Wang W, Yu P, Pan H, Li P, Sun Y, Zhang J. Endocr Res. 2009; 34(4):142–154.
- ^ MacDougald1, Ormond A. and Burant, Charles F. (September 2007) "The Rapidly Expanding Family of Adipokines" Cell Metabolism 6: pp. 159–161
- ^ Monzillo, Lais U. (2003) "Effect of Lifestyle Modification on Adipokine Levels in Obese Subjects with Insulin Resistance" Obesity Research 11(9): pp. 1048–1054
- ^ Christiansen T., Richelsen B., and Bruun J.M. (2005) "Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 is produced in isolated adipocytes, associated with adiposity and reduced after weight loss in morbid obese subjects" International Journal of Obesity 29: pp. 146–150
- S2CID 238991468.
- S2CID 36127785.
External links
- Adipokines at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)