Administrative consul

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Administrative consul" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (May 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

An administrative consul is a type of powerful diplomat. Under certain historical circumstances, a major power's

. This would often occur in territories without a formal state government (thus warranting a full diplomatic mission, such as an embassy).

Protectorates

When a state falls under the "amical"

. However, if there is no such representation (in modern terms often at ambassadorial level), the task may fall to the only available "diplomatic" alternative: consular representation.

Africa

In German Kamerun, 6 July 1884 – 26 June 1885, provisional consul Heinrich Randad filled the void between the first Reichskommissar (titled—for West Africa, 5–6 July 1884 only) and the subsequent series of regular incumbents

In parts of present Nigeria, British Consuls were in charge of the following West African protectorates:

• the Bight of Benin May 1852–6 August 1861
• the Bight of Biafra 30 June 1849 – 6 August 1861
• the
  Consul general
  (of two) of the Bight.

Samoa

From 7 November 1889,

, which made Samoa a protectorate of those three powers. On 10 June 1899, a provisional (colonial) government sui generis was formed, consisting of the consuls of the three protecting powers:

• • Friedrich Rose (German Consul) (b. 1855–d. 1922)
  • Ernest George Berkeley Maxse (British Consul) (b. 1863–d. 1943): to 23 June 1899, succeeded by a Mister Nair (acting British consul)
  • Luther Wood Osborn (U.S. Consul) (b. 1843–d. 1901).

This arrangement lasted until 1 March 1900, when most of the archipelago was annexed by

.

Tonga

On

.

Occupied territories under similar control

• In the
  Port Suez
  , the last of which stayed on in 1941 as first of several Consuls till the 1956 Egyptian nationalisation.
• From December 1941 to August 1945, Japanese troops invaded the Portuguese colony of Macau several times, giving the Japanese control over the access of people and goods. This made it by 1943 a virtual protectorate, with Japanese consul Fukui Yasumitsu controlling all contact until 1945 with the Portuguese governor, Gabriel Maurício Teixeira.

Similar functions have been performed elsewhere by consular officers of other ranks:

.

U.S. military personnel

Certain U.S. military personnel also have statutory authority to act as consuls for its military administration purposes,^[1] more broadly for its military personnel and dependents,^[2] and for its merchant seamen in a port lacking an accredited U.S. consul.^[3]

See also

• Consul
• Consul (representative)
• Consul general
• Consular Agent
• Honorary Consul

References