Adoptive immunity
Adoptive immunity acts in a host after their immunological components are withdrawn, their immunological activity is modified extracorporeally, and then reinfused into the same host.[1][2] This process in its former part is analogous to adoption: a child is once adopted out from their home, grown up, and then returned to their home of birth. Transferred immunological components include immune cells such as T lymphocytes or tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes,[1] NK cells, macrophages, or B cells.[3]
There seems to be some variation in usage of this term.
- Transferred components are immune cells and autologous as above.[1][2]
- Transfer of immune cells is made between different individuals of
- Transfer of cells are made between
- Transfer of cells are made between allogeneic hosts.[1]
- Transferred components include cells as well as immune molecules such as immunoglobulins between allogeneic hosts.[7]
The term is used almost synonymously for "passive immunity" in some situations,[7] however, passive immunity acts among xenogeneic hosts; for example, in snake venom immunotherapy, antivenom IgG is obtained from sensitized horse and inoculated to humans.[8]
Immunological terms with an adjective "adoptive"
The following terms might indicate procedures involving similar immunological transfer processes.[citation needed]
- adoptive transfer
- adoptive immunization
- adoptive immunotherapy
- adoptive tolerance
References
- ^ PMID 18354418.
- ^ ISBN 4-260-13653-4Y9800 (in Japanese).
- ISBN 0-471-26821-6.
- ISBN 4-914909-10-3C3547 (in Japanese).
- ISBN 0-8153-3217-3.
- ISBN 0-8153-3642-X.
- ^ ISBN 0-7216-0008-5
- ISBN 0-7216-0146-4.