African red slip ware
African red slip ware or Phoenician Red Slip ware, is a category of
By the 3rd century AD, African red slip (ARS) appears on sites throughout the
The production and success of African red slip is probably closely tied to the agricultural productivity of Rome's North African provinces, as indicated in part by the contemporaneous distribution of Roman-period North African
Vessel forms
From about the 4th century, competent copies of the fabric and forms were also made in several other regions, including
There was a wide range of dishes and bowls, many with rouletted or stamped decoration, and closed forms such as tall ovoid flagons with appliqué ornament (Hayes Form 171). The ambitious large rectangular dishes with relief decoration in the centre and on the wide rims (Hayes Form 56), were clearly inspired by decorated silver platters of the 4th century, which were made in rectangular and polygonal shapes as well as in the traditional circular form.
Surface decoration
A wide range of bowls, dishes and flagons were made in ARS, but the technique of making entire relief-decorated vessels in moulds was discontinued.[4] Instead, appliqué motifs were frequently used where decoration in relief was required, separately made and applied to the vessel before drying and firing. Stamped motifs were also a favoured form of decoration, and decorative motifs reflected not only the Graeco-Roman traditions of the Mediterranean, but eventually the rise of Christianity as well: there is a great variety of monogram crosses and plain crosses amongst the stamps in the later centuries. Similar forms and fabrics were made for more local distribution in Egypt, which had its own very active and diverse ceramic traditions in the Roman period.
Surface decoration of ARS is relatively simple during the first three centuries of production, with occasional
Main typologies
In 1972 John Hayes published a type series running from form 1 to 200, with forms 112-120 remaining unused.
Centers of production
Some major ARS centres in central Tunisia are Sidi Marzouk Tounsi, Henchir el-Guellal (Djilma),[11] and Henchir es-Srira,[12] all of which have ARS lamp artifacts attributed to them by the microscopic chemical makeup of the clay fabric as well as macroscopic style prevalent in that region.
Notes
- ISBN 978-0-19-049934-1.
- ^ Tyers 1996, pp.80-82
- ^ Hayes 1972, p. 19–20.
- ^ For the detailed typology and distribution maps, see Hayes 1972 and Hayes 1980
- ISBN 0-904152-00-6)
- ISBN 0-904152-10-3
- ^ Fulford, Michael & Peacock, David. (1984). The Avenue du President Habib Bourguiba, Salammbo: the pottery and other ceramic objects from the site excavations at Carthage. (The British Mission 1.2.) Sheffield: University of Sheffield, Department of Prehistory and Archaeology.
- ^ 1981. Enciclopedia dell'arte antica classica e orientale. Atlante delle Forme Ceramiche I, Ceramica Fine Romana nel Bacino Mediterraneo (Medio e Tardo Impero). Rome: Istituto della Enciclopedia italiana.
- ISBN 978-3-406-37015-1)
- ^ Bonifay, Michel. 2004. Études sur la céramique romaine tardive d’Afrique. (British Archaeological Reports International Series 1301) Oxford: B. A. R.
- ^ 34°42′18″N 9°21′58″E / 34.7049689°N 9.3661589°E Hitchner, R.; R. Warner; R. Talbert; T. Elliott; S. Gillies (20 October 2012). "Places: 324723 (Henchir-el-Guellal)". Pleiades. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
- ^ 35°26′15″N 9°22′09″E / 35.437423°N 9.3690949°E Hitchner, R.; R. Warner; R. Talbert; T. Elliott; S. Gillies (20 October 2012). "Places: 324738 (Henchir-es-Srira)". Pleiades. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
References
- Hayes, John. (1972). Late Roman Pottery. London: British School at Rome (hardcover, ISBN 0-904152-00-6)
- Hayes, John. (1980). "Supplement to Late Roman Pottery". London: British School at Rome. Worldcat
- Mackensen, Michael (1993). Die spätantiken Sigillata- und Lampentöpfereien von el Mahrine (Nordtunesien): Studien zur nordafrikanischen Feinkeramik des 4. bis 7. Jahrhunderts. Munich : Beck (hardcover, ISBN 978-3-406-37015-1)
- Tyers, Paul (1996). Roman Pottery in Britain, London: B. T. Batsford ISBN 0-7134-7412-2
Further reading
- Hayes, John W. 1972. Late Roman Pottery. London: British School at Rome.
- Hayes, John W. 1997. Handbook of Mediterranean Roman Pottery. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
- Peacock, D. P. S. 1982. Pottery In the Roman World: An Ethnoarchaeological Approach. London: Longman.
- Peña, J. Theodore. 2007. Roman Pottery In the Archaeological Record. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press.
- Robinson, Henry Schroder. 1959. Pottery of the Roman Period: Chronology. Princeton, NJ: American School of Classical Studies at Athens.
External links
- African Red Slip in Greek, Roman and Byzantine Pottery at Ilion
- 'North African Red-Slipped Ware' from Potsherd: Atlas of Roman Pottery
- Discrimination and Provenances of Phoenician Red Slip Ware Using both the Solid State Electrochemistry and Petrographic Analyses
- The Phoenician Red Slip Ware from Sulky (Sardinia-Italy): Microstructure and quantitative phase analysis