African wedgefish

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African wedgefish

Critically Endangered  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
CITES Appendix II (CITES)[2]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes
Subclass: Elasmobranchii
Superorder: Batoidea
Order: Rhinopristiformes
Family: Rhinidae
Genus: Rhynchobatus
Species:
R. luebberti
Binomial name
Rhynchobatus luebberti
Ehrenbaum, 1915

The African wedgefish, guitarra, Lubbert's guitarfish, or spikenose wedgefish (Rhynchobatus luebberti) is a species of

East Atlantic.[3]

Etymology

The fish is named in honor of Hans Julius Lübbert (1870-1951), a German fisheries inspector.[4]

Taxonomy

Description

African wedgefish have a pale olive-brown or olive-grey color with white spots spread across their back. The edges of their fins are sometimes paler in color. They have a cluster of three black marks on each side of a ridge that runs along their back. Another dark mark can be found each one of these marks. The area around each fish's eye is lighter, reminiscent of a mask. The fish have ridges near their front that possess a row of thorns.[5]

The African wedgefish has a maximum total length of about 3 m (9.8 ft), but are usually 1.5 m (4.9 ft) long. They have 172-176 free vertebral centra.[6][7]

Distribution and habitat

The fish is found in the warm East Atlantic in

Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mauritania, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo
.

Its natural

estuarine waters, and coastal saline lagoons.[5]

Diet

The African wedgefish prey upon small bony fish and invertebrates.[5]

Life history

Early life

African wedgefish are ovoviviparous—eggs remain inside the mother until hatching. Embryos initially feed on yolk. Afterward, they receive nutrition from their mother by absorbing uterine fluid that contains mucus, fat, or protein through specialized structures.[7][8]

Human interest

Conservation

The African wedgefish is currently

critically endangered.[6]

Threats

It is threatened by

habitat loss and poachers.[5]

References

  1. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T60180A124448712.en
    . Retrieved 14 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  3. doi:10.3354/esr00830
    .
  4. ^ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara (22 September 2018). "Order RHINOPRISTIFORMES". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 13 January 2022.
  5. ^ a b c d Marquez, Melissa C. (July 4, 2018). "African wedgefish". The Fins United Initiative. Archived from the original on 2018-11-24. Retrieved 2018-11-24.
  6. ^
    ISBN 9780643109148
    .
  7. ^ a b "Rhynchobatus luebberti summary page". FishBase. Retrieved 2018-11-24.
  8. PMC 1688595
    .


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