Africans in Hawaii
Total population | |
---|---|
52,069 (4.0%, 2010) 29,307 (2.3%, African alone, 2010) | |
Regions with significant populations | |
Languages | |
African American, Afro-Caribbean |
The Africans in Hawaii, also known as Pōpolo in the Native
Etymology
"Pōpolo" (cognate to
History
19th century
The first Africans to visit Hawai'i were
Prior to independence in 1975, many Cape Verdeans emigrated to Hawaii from drought-stricken Portuguese Cape Verde, formerly an overseas province of Portugal. Because these people arrived using their Portuguese passports, they were registered as Portuguese immigrants by the authorities.
Following the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, the Hawaiian government became interested in the prospect of contracting freed slaves for labor in Hawaii. The thought of the four million slaves suddenly thrust onto the open market prompted Hawaiian Foreign Minister Robert Crichton Wyllie to write to a prominent friend in Boston, "We could perhaps admit with advantage to ourselves, say 20,000 freed Negroes, pay them the wages and give them the treatment of free men." Although nothing came out of it due to the inability of President Abraham Lincoln to enforce the law in the South.[9]
20th century
By 1910 there were still only 695 Africans in Hawaii, of whom 537 were multiracial.
World Wars
With the onset of World War I, 200 members of the 25th Infantry Regiment were stationed in Hawaii to avert racial tensions, being that Hawaii had a predominantly non-white population.
During
Post-War Immigration
After the Second World War many residents of color in Hawaii were educated by the
Notable people
- Barack H. Obama, former U.S. President, was born in Honolulu.
References
- ^ "Polo". Te Māra Reo: The Language Garden. Benton Family Trust. 2022. Retrieved October 28, 2022.
- ISBN 9780824807030.
- ^ "Pōpolo: a taxonomy". The Pōpolo Project. April 20, 2017. Retrieved October 28, 2022.
- ^ "HISTORY, African American Diversity Cultural Center Hawai'i". March 14, 2010. Archived from the original on March 14, 2010.
- ^ African American Diversity Cultural Center Hawai'i
- ^ Allen, Anthony D. (1774-1835), BlackPast.org
- ^ David Bandy: Bandmaster Henry Berger and the Royal Hawaiian Band. In: Hawaiian Journal of History, Volume 24, 1990, pp. 70–71
- OCLC 11030010.
- ISBN 0-8248-1772-9.
- ^ Hawaiian Almanac and Annual for 1912 by Thos G. Thrum, Honolulu p. 18
- ^ Black genesis by James M. Rose, Alice Eichholz, p.125
- ^ African Americans in Hawaii Part 1. by Darlene E. Kelley [1]
- ^ A tribute to Alice Bell: a scientist whose work with leprosy was overshadowed by a white successor by Erika Cederlind, The Daily of the University of Washington, February 29, 2008 [2]
- ^ "Media Design's Article — Cabo Verde & Hawaii". www.medesign.org. Retrieved February 16, 2018.
Further reading
- Jackson, Miles M. (2004). They Followed the Trade Winds: African Americans in Hawaiʻi (PDF). Honolulu: Department of Sociology, University of Hawaii at Manoa. OCLC 57672088.