Africans in Hawaii

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Pōpolo
Total population
52,069 (4.0%, 2010) 29,307 (2.3%, African alone, 2010)
Regions with significant populations
Languages
African American, Afro-Caribbean

The Africans in Hawaii, also known as Pōpolo in the Native

Cape Verdean American population, and there are some Hispanic people of African descent, namely Puerto Ricans
.

Etymology

"Pōpolo" (cognate to

African people from an analogy to the color of its berries.[2][3]

History

19th century

The first Africans to visit Hawai'i were

Lahaina open to the common people.[8]

Prior to independence in 1975, many Cape Verdeans emigrated to Hawaii from drought-stricken Portuguese Cape Verde, formerly an overseas province of Portugal. Because these people arrived using their Portuguese passports, they were registered as Portuguese immigrants by the authorities.

Following the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, the Hawaiian government became interested in the prospect of contracting freed slaves for labor in Hawaii. The thought of the four million slaves suddenly thrust onto the open market prompted Hawaiian Foreign Minister Robert Crichton Wyllie to write to a prominent friend in Boston, "We could perhaps admit with advantage to ourselves, say 20,000 freed Negroes, pay them the wages and give them the treatment of free men." Although nothing came out of it due to the inability of President Abraham Lincoln to enforce the law in the South.[9]

20th century

By 1910 there were still only 695 Africans in Hawaii, of whom 537 were multiracial.

University of Hawaii and taught there as a chemistry instructor. She discovered the Ball Method a symptomatic treatment for leprosy that bears her namesake.[13] One of the most iconic figures was Hawaii born Peter Hose (1881–1925) known as the "Hula Cop" joined the Honolulu Police Department becoming the first police officer of African ancestry in Hawaii, where he served for 18 years.[14]

World Wars

With the onset of World War I, 200 members of the 25th Infantry Regiment were stationed in Hawaii to avert racial tensions, being that Hawaii had a predominantly non-white population.

During

West Loch Disaster occurred on May 21, 1944, when the LST-353
’s cargo of ammunition and fuel ignited, killing 163; several of the dead were African-Americans. Subsequent wars in Asia continued to bring African-Americans through Hawaii. The result of military movement was that many returned to live in Hawaii after leaving the service.

Post-War Immigration

After the Second World War many residents of color in Hawaii were educated by the

G.I. bill belligerent towards the racial stratification. Several African Americans including Frank M. Davis were able to relate to the plight of the Black race on the US continent and participated in the "Bloodless Revolution
" that overthrew the rule of Hawaii's White minority and the race-class structure of the Territory.

Notable people

  • Barack H. Obama
    , former U.S. President, was born in Honolulu.

References

  1. ^ "Polo". Te Māra Reo: The Language Garden. Benton Family Trust. 2022. Retrieved October 28, 2022.
  2. .
  3. ^ "Pōpolo: a taxonomy". The Pōpolo Project. April 20, 2017. Retrieved October 28, 2022.
  4. ^ "HISTORY, African American Diversity Cultural Center Hawai'i". March 14, 2010. Archived from the original on March 14, 2010.
  5. ^ African American Diversity Cultural Center Hawai'i
  6. ^ Allen, Anthony D. (1774-1835), BlackPast.org
  7. ^ David Bandy: Bandmaster Henry Berger and the Royal Hawaiian Band. In: Hawaiian Journal of History, Volume 24, 1990, pp. 70–71
  8. OCLC 11030010
    .
  9. .
  10. ^ Hawaiian Almanac and Annual for 1912 by Thos G. Thrum, Honolulu p. 18
  11. ^ Black genesis by James M. Rose, Alice Eichholz, p.125
  12. ^ African Americans in Hawaii Part 1. by Darlene E. Kelley [1]
  13. ^ A tribute to Alice Bell: a scientist whose work with leprosy was overshadowed by a white successor by Erika Cederlind, The Daily of the University of Washington, February 29, 2008 [2]
  14. ^ "Media Design's Article — Cabo Verde & Hawaii". www.medesign.org. Retrieved February 16, 2018.

Further reading