Agenzia Stefani
Agenzia Stefani was the leading
History
Early years
Telegrafia privata – Agenzia Stefani (Private Telegraph – Stefani Agency)
Under the Cavour government, the agency gained huge advantages through the granting of secret funds while the Statuto Albertino banned privileges and private monopolies.[2] The radical press, meanwhile, suffered from restrictions on freedom of information.[3] As well, Agenzia Stefani, being in a monopoly situation, became a government tool for media control of the Kingdom of Sardinia.[4]
After the death of Guglielmo Stefani, in 1861, the agency resurrected its collaboration with British agency Reuters and French agency Agence France-Presse (Havas). It was this, the world's first news agency, that acquired 50% of Agenzia Stefani in 1865.
As an unofficial government agency, the "Stefani" followed different transfers of Italian capital cities, from Turin to Florence in 1865, then to Rome in 1871[5]
Under the direction of Friedländer
In 1881,
In 1888, Agenzia Stefani was key to Italy's diplomatic strategies; the Triple Alliance potenziamento, coordinated by Prime Minister
During the course of the 1890s, Francesco Crispi was a promoter of a break with Havas, accused of publishing false and biased news, to encourage the foreign policy of France. A mutual exchange agreement was signed with the German Continentalen, with the Austrian Correspondenz-Office and Reuters, to allow governments to control and censor, if necessary, the news from, and for, abroad.
Throughout the
Management under Morgagni
After the rise of fascism, Benito Mussolini grasped the potential usefulness of such a tool and on April 8, 1924, he placed Agenzia Stefani under the control of the sansepolcriste, Manlio Morgagni who, in a short time, transformed the voice of the government within Italy as well as abroad.
The first thing that I read in the morning are the Stefani reports. I also see Morgagni often and willingly.
— Benito Mussolini[7]
In 1924, it had 14 bureaus in Italy, with 160 correspondents in Italy and 12 abroad, who succeeded daily at "working" an average of 165 incoming dispatches and 175 outgoing. Under Morgagni's direction, the agency underwent important development, to the extent that in 1939 there were 32 Italian bureaus and 16 others abroad, with 261 correspondents in Italy and 65 abroad, who every day processed an average of 1270 incoming dispatches and 1215 outgoing.
Following the arrest of Mussolini on July 26, 1943, Manlio Morgagni committed suicide.
RSI and ANSA
With the creation of the Italian Social Republic, the state took ownership of Agenzia Stefani and its headquarters was moved to Milan, and placed under the direction of Luigi Barzini senior. Its last director, Ernesto Daquanno, was shot at Dongo with the dignitaries accompanying Mussolini.
Dissolved on April 29, 1945, the technical structure and its organization were transferred to the new ANSA.
See also
- History of newspapers and magazines Italy
- History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
- News agency
Bibliography
- Smith, Denis Mack. Mazzini (Yale U. Press, 1996) excerpt
- (in Italian) Manlio Morgagni "L'agenzia Stefani nella vita nazionale" (1931) éd. Alfieri e Lacroix, Milan
- (in Italian) Sergio Lepri "Informazione e potere in un secolo di storia italiana. L'Agenzia Stefani da Cavour a Mussolini" (2001) éd. Le Monnier, Florence, ISBN 88-00-85740-X
- (in Italian) Romano Canosa "La voce del Duce. L'agenzia Stefani: l'arma segerta di Mussolini" (2002) éd. Mondadori, Milan
- (in Italian) Gigi Di Fiore "Controstoria dell'unità d'Italia: fatti e misfatti del Risorgimento" (2007) éd. Rizzoli, Milan
References
- ^ Lepri, Sergio (1999). Informazione e potere in un secolo di storia italiana. L'Agenzia Stefani da Cavour a Mussolini. p. 3.
- ^ Di Fiore, Gigi (2007). Controstoria dell'unità d'Italia: fatti e misfatti del Risorgimento. p. 63.
- ^ Smith, Denis Mack (1993). Mazzini. Milan: Rizzoli. p. 174.
- ^ Di Fiore, Gigi (2007). Controstoria dell'unità d'Italia: fatti e misfatti del Risorgimento. p. 62.
- ^ Lepri, Sergio (1999). Informazione e potere in un secolo di storia italiana. L'Agenzia Stefani da Cavour a Mussolini. p. 97.
- ISBN 9781932705676.
- Mondadori, [Milano], 2002, p. 149.