Akola
Akola | |
---|---|
City and District Headquarter | |
PIN | 444001, 444002, 444003, 444004, 444005, 444006, 444007, 444104, 444109, 444302 |
Telephone code | 0724[3] |
Vehicle registration | MH-30 |
Literacy | 91.9% |
Sex ratio | 0.958 |
HDI | High[4] |
Website | https://akola.gov.in/ |
Akola (/əˈkoʊlɑː/) is a major city in the Vidarbha region of the Indian state of Maharashtra. The third largest city in Eastern Maharashtra after Nagpur and Amravati, it is located about 580 kilometres (360 mi) east of the state capital, Mumbai, and 250 kilometres (160 mi) west of the second capital, Nagpur. Akola is the administrative headquarters of the Akola district located in the Amravati division.
Akola is located on the banks of the Morna River. Although it is not considered a common tourist destination, Akola is an important city due to its history, culture, politics, and agriculture. It also has a prominent road and rail junction in the Tapti River valley that functions as a commercial trading centre.
Akola is an important educational centre with several colleges affiliated with Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University. The city is developing into a market centre. The primary language spoken by the people of Akola is Marathi.
History
Early medieval history (Classical)
Akola is mentioned to be a part of Berar province and the legendary kingdom of Vidarbha in the Sanskrit epic Mahabharata.[5]
Late medieval history
A period of
Maratha Empire
The
Post-independence
After India's independence in 1947 from the British Government, the newly formed country was divided into different states. The Congress's proposed linguistic provinces plan before the Independence of India had positioned Akola as the headquarters of the Berar region.[9][10]
Demographics
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1981 | 225,412 | — |
1991 | 328,043 | +45.5% |
2001 | 400,520 | +22.1% |
2011 | 427,146 | +6.6% |
Source: Census of India[11] |
According to the
Year | Male | Female | Total Population | Change |
---|---|---|---|---|
2001[13] | 206649 | 193871 | 400520 | - |
2011[14] | 217393 | 208424 | 425817 | 0.063 |
Geography and climate
Climate data for Akola (1981–2010, extremes 1901–2012) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 38.2 (100.8) |
40.5 (104.9) |
44.4 (111.9) |
47.0 (116.6) |
47.8 (118.0) |
47.2 (117.0) |
40.6 (105.1) |
40.0 (104.0) |
40.0 (104.0) |
40.0 (104.0) |
38.9 (102.0) |
36.7 (98.1) |
47.8 (118.0) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 30.0 (86.0) |
32.9 (91.2) |
37.2 (99.0) |
41.0 (105.8) |
42.2 (108.0) |
37.6 (99.7) |
32.3 (90.1) |
30.6 (87.1) |
32.3 (90.1) |
33.5 (92.3) |
31.8 (89.2) |
30.0 (86.0) |
34.3 (93.7) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 14.2 (57.6) |
16.2 (61.2) |
20.2 (68.4) |
24.8 (76.6) |
27.9 (82.2) |
26.3 (79.3) |
24.5 (76.1) |
23.7 (74.7) |
23.5 (74.3) |
20.9 (69.6) |
17.0 (62.6) |
13.7 (56.7) |
21.1 (70.0) |
Record low °C (°F) | 3.9 (39.0) |
2.2 (36.0) |
5.6 (42.1) |
11.1 (52.0) |
11.9 (53.4) |
19.8 (67.6) |
20.0 (68.0) |
18.3 (64.9) |
15.4 (59.7) |
10.0 (50.0) |
5.6 (42.1) |
3.9 (39.0) |
2.2 (36.0) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 12.2 (0.48) |
8.6 (0.34) |
12.9 (0.51) |
3.4 (0.13) |
13.1 (0.52) |
139.4 (5.49) |
213.6 (8.41) |
195.2 (7.69) |
132.1 (5.20) |
46.9 (1.85) |
17.6 (0.69) |
6.8 (0.27) |
801.7 (31.56) |
Average rainy days | 1.0 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 6.8 | 10.8 | 9.9 | 6.3 | 2.9 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 42.7 |
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST )
|
37 | 26 | 22 | 18 | 22 | 45 | 66 | 71 | 63 | 46 | 43 | 40 | 42 |
Source: India Meteorological Department[16][17] |
Climate data for Akola Airport (1981–2010, extremes 1961–2002) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 35.4 (95.7) |
40.5 (104.9) |
43.0 (109.4) |
45.9 (114.6) |
47.7 (117.9) |
46.9 (116.4) |
40.5 (104.9) |
36.8 (98.2) |
38.4 (101.1) |
39.0 (102.2) |
35.5 (95.9) |
35.7 (96.3) |
47.7 (117.9) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.9 (85.8) |
32.4 (90.3) |
37.2 (99.0) |
41.0 (105.8) |
42.4 (108.3) |
37.7 (99.9) |
32.3 (90.1) |
30.6 (87.1) |
32.5 (90.5) |
33.7 (92.7) |
31.6 (88.9) |
29.7 (85.5) |
34.2 (93.6) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 14.0 (57.2) |
15.8 (60.4) |
20.2 (68.4) |
25.1 (77.2) |
27.8 (82.0) |
26.2 (79.2) |
24.1 (75.4) |
23.5 (74.3) |
23.1 (73.6) |
20.2 (68.4) |
16.1 (61.0) |
12.9 (55.2) |
20.8 (69.4) |
Record low °C (°F) | 4.9 (40.8) |
7.7 (45.9) |
9.0 (48.2) |
12.6 (54.7) |
18.6 (65.5) |
18.3 (64.9) |
17.7 (63.9) |
19.6 (67.3) |
12.5 (54.5) |
10.8 (51.4) |
5.1 (41.2) |
4.4 (39.9) |
4.4 (39.9) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 13.8 (0.54) |
9.9 (0.39) |
11.9 (0.47) |
3.9 (0.15) |
13.0 (0.51) |
150.4 (5.92) |
212.6 (8.37) |
183.3 (7.22) |
122.4 (4.82) |
68.0 (2.68) |
15.9 (0.63) |
7.0 (0.28) |
812.1 (31.97) |
Average rainy days | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 1.4 | 7.2 | 10.8 | 9.9 | 6.0 | 3.0 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 42.9 |
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST )
|
37 | 32 | 23 | 18 | 21 | 44 | 66 | 71 | 62 | 47 | 40 | 39 | 41 |
Source: India Meteorological Department[16][17] |
Governance
Police administration
This section needs additional citations for verification. (November 2020) |
Akola Police maintains eight police stations in the Akola city subdivision that cover the metropolitan area of the city.[18]
The government also approved the creation of a new Railway Police Akola subdivision that will include Akola, Wardha, and Badnera railway police units. The Akola Police subdivision falls under the Nagpur District of Railway.[19]
Transportation
Air
Akola Airport (also known as Shioni Airport) (IATA: AKD, ICAO: VAAK) is the domestic airport of Akola and is 304 metres (999 ft) above sea level. It was built by British authorities in the 1940s and regularly sent flights to Mumbai. Now it is non-functional and has one runway (4,600×145 ft). The airport's expansion and use have been delayed as it is unable to get land from the university of Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth.[20]
Rail
Road
NH-6, which connects Surat to Kolkata, passes through the city. State Highways No. 68 and 69 also pass through the municipal limits. Other highways include State Highway 204, State Highway 200: Akola – Amravati, and State Highway 197. NH-161 begins from Akola and reaches in Telangana near Hyderabad.[21]
Education
Agricultural university
Akola houses Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth (PDKV), whose jurisdiction covers all eleven districts of Vidarbha.[22]
Medical science colleges
- Government Medical College, Akola
Engineering colleges
Notable people
- Vasantrao Deshpande
- Anand Modak
- Vijay P. Bhatkar
- Patrick Barr
- Vitthal Wagh
- Sudharak Olwe
- Shivdeep Lande
- Ranjit Patil
- Sanjay Shamrao Dhotre
- T. S. Korde
- Vallabhdas Aidan Mohta
- Mahesh Kakde
- Swaminathan Aiyar
See also
- Akola railway station
- Akola Airport
- Vidarbha
- Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth
- Varhadi language
- List of cities in Maharashtra
References
- ^ "List of Nicknames of Indian Cities". 23 November 2021.
- ^ "Who's Who | Akola District | India".
- ^ "STD and Pin Codes | Akola District | India".
- ^ "Economic survey of Maharashtra" (PDF). maharashtra.gov.in. Retrieved 30 April 2023.
- ^ "Mahabharat Map - Come, let us create a Mahan Bharat". www.mahanbharat.net. Retrieved 30 April 2023.
- ^ "Friends of Forts". Archived from the original on 5 April 2009. Retrieved 4 February 2009.
- ^ "Berar | region, India". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 6 August 2020.
- ^ "Akola District Gazetteer, Mediaeval Period History". Maharashtra State Gazetteers, Akola District. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
- ^ "101". Retrieved 19 September 2014.
- ^ "101a". Retrieved 19 September 2014.
- ^ "Mahapopulation" (PDF). Census of India (in Marathi). maharashtra.gov.in. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2009. Retrieved 4 June 2008.
- ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
- ^ Census India 2001.
- ^ Census India 2011.
- ^ "Akola Population 2011". census2011.
- ^ a b "Climatological Normals 1981–2010" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 21–24. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
- ^ a b "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M135-M136. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
- ^ "Akola Police". akolapolice.gov.in.
- ^ "Akola Railway Police". 13 November 2020. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
- ^ "AAI red flags Akola airport extension – Times of India". The Times of India. 20 May 2014.
- ^ "अकोला जिल्हा शासकीय संकेत स्थळ". akola.nic.in. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
- ^ "Jurisdiction eg: Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Vidyapeeth, Akola".
- ^ "C-1 Population By Religious Community – Maharahstra". Census. Retrieved 29 December 2019.