Nur ad-Din al-Bitruji
Nur ad-Din al-Bitruji | |
---|---|
Born | 12th century |
Died | c. 1204 |
Academic background | |
Influences | Copernicus[1] |
Nur ad-Din al-Bitruji (
The crater Alpetragius on the Moon is named after him.
Life
Almost nothing about his life is known, except that his name probably derives from
Planetary model
Al-Bitruji proposed a theory on
It was suggested based on the Latin translations that his system is an update and reformulation of that of
One original aspects of al-Biṭrūjī's system is his proposal of a physical cause of celestial motions. He combines the idea of "
His alternative system spread through most of Europe during the 13th century, with debates and refutations of his ideas continued up to the 16th century.
Works
Al-Bitruji wrote Kitāb al-Hayʾah (The book of theoretical astronomy/cosmology, Arabic, كتاب الهيئة), which presented criticism of Ptolemy's Almagest from a physical point of view. It was well known in Europe between the 13th and the 16th centuries, and was regarded as a valid alternative to Ptolemy's Almagest in scholastic circles.[4]
This work was translated into Latin by Michael Scot in 1217 as De motibus celorum [7] (first printed in Vienna in 1531). A Hebrew translation by Moses ibn Tibbon was done in 1259.[4]
There is also an anonymous treatise on
Notes
- ^ a b c d Samsó 1980.
- ^ Vernet. "al-Biṭrūd̲j̲ī".
- ISBN 978-0-19-981257-8.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Samsó 2007.
- ^ Bernard R. Goldstein (March 1972). "Theory and Observation in Medieval Astronomy", Isis 63 (1), p. 39-47 [41].
- Thomson Gale.(inaccessible document)
- ^ Pederson, Olaf. (1978) Science in the Middle Ages. ed. by David Lindberg. Chicago: Chicago University Press. p. 321
References
- Samsó, Julio (2007). "Biṭrūjī: Nūr al‐Dīn Abū Isḥāq [Abū Jaʿfar] Ibrāhīm ibn Yūsuf al‐Biṭrūjī". In Thomas Hockey; et al. (eds.). The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. New York: Springer. pp. 133–4. ISBN 978-0-387-31022-0. (PDF version)
- Samsó, Julio (1980) [1970-80]. "Al-Bitruji Al-Ishbili, Abu Ishaq". ISBN 0-684-10114-9.
Further reading
- Helaine Selin, Encyclopaedia of the history of science, technology, and medicine in non western cultures, p. 160