Al-Farazdaq

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Al-Farazdaq
Born641 AD/20 AH
Kazma, Rashidun Caliphate (now in Kuwait)
Died728-730 AD/110-112 AH (aged 87-89)
Basra, Umayyad Caliphate (now in Iraq)
NationalityArab
Other namesHammam Ibn Ghalib Al-Tamimi
Occupation(s)Poet, Orator
Notable workPoem on the entry of Zayn al-Abidin into the Haram of the Kaaba
SpouseNawar

Hammam Ibn Ghalib

Arabic Language and it is said that “If it were not for Al-Farazdaq’s poetry, a third of the Arab language would not have been.”[1][2]

Divan_de_Férazdak;_(IA_divandeferazdak00fara),_title_page
The Diwan of Al-Farazdaq translated into French

Born in

classical poets of the Arabs.[5]

At the age of 15, Farazdaq was well known as a poet, and though for a short time by the advice of the

Sa'id ibn al-'As. Here he remained about ten years, writing satires about tribes, but avoiding city politics.[4]

But he lived a lavish and prodigal life, his amorous verses led to his expulsion by the Caliph

second-degree cousin Nawar against her will. She sought help in vain from the court of Basra and from various tribes. All feared the poet's satires. At last, she fled to Mecca and appealed to the political contender to the Umayyads Abdallah ibn Zubayr, whom however succeeded in inducing her to consent to a confirmation of the marriage instead.[4]

Quarrels soon arose again. Farazdaq took a second wife, and after her death a third to annoy Nawar. Finally, he consented to a divorce pronounced by Hasan al-Basri. Another subject occasioned a long series of verses, namely his feud with his rival Jarir and his tribe, the Bani Kulaib. These poems are published as the Nakaid of Jarir and al-Farazdaq.[4] The feud between them lasted 40 years, Jarir is supposed to have enjoyed it so much that when he received the news of Farazdaq's passing, he lost the will to live and spontaneously died thereafter.[6]

Al-Farazdaq became an official poet at the

caliph Al-Walid (reign. 705–715 AD/86-96 AH), to whom he dedicated a number of panegyrics.[7]

He is most famous for the poem that he gave in Makkah when

Zayn al-Abidin entered the Haram of the Kaaba which angered the Emir. The poem is considered extremely powerful and meaningful to the life of Al-Farazdaq, since he was imprisoned because of it.[8][9]

References

  1. ^ الأعلام، خير الدين الزركلي، المجلد الثامن ص 93 .
  2. ^ مرأة الزمان في تاريخ الأعيان، ابن الجوزي، المجلد السابع ص 26.
  3. ^ "al-Farazdaq Biography". PoetrySoup. Retrieved 2022-02-13.
  4. ^ a b c d  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Thatcher, Griffithes Wheeler (1911). "Farazdaq". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 175.
  5. ^ "Farazdaq center lauds Info. Min. care for youth". Kuwait News Agency. 22 May 2014.
  6. ^ Wiebke Walther: Kleine Geschichte der arabischen Literatur. Von der vorislamischen Zeit bis zur Gegenwart. C. H. Beck, München 2004, S. 51
  7. ^ Al-Farazdaq at the Encyclopædia Britannica
  8. ^ [1] Archived 2010-06-12 at the Wayback Machine, from Imam Reza (A.S.) Network.
  9. ^ al-Qurashi, Baqir (2015-06-04). "The Life of Imam Zayn al-'Abidin". Al-Islam.org. Retrieved 2019-08-10.

External links


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