Al-Fil
| Quran |
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Al-Fīl (
- [1]Hast thou not seen how thy Lord dealt with the masters of the elephant?
- Did he not make their treacherous design an occasion of drawing them into error;
- and send against them flocks of birds,
- which casts down upon them stones of baked clay;
- and render them like the leaves of corn eaten by cattle?[2]
Summary
- 1-5 The army of Abraha destroyed for attacking the Kaabah.[3]
Text and meaning
Text and transliteration
بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Bismi l-lāhi r-raḥmāni r-raḥīm(i)
أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصْحَـٰبِ ٱلْفِيلِ ١
¹ ’alam tara kayfa fa‘ala rab-buka bi’aṣḥābi l-fīl(i)
أَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ كَيْدَهُمْ فِى تَضْلِيلٍ ٢
² ’alam yaj’al kaydahum fī taḍlīl(in)
وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ ٣
³ Wa’arsala ‘alayhim ṭayran ’ababīl(a)
تَرْمِيهِم بِحِجَارَةٍ مِّن سِجِّيلٍ ٤
⁴ Tarmīhim biḥijārati m-min sij-jīl(in)
فَجَعَلَهُمْ كَعَصْفٍ مَّأْكُولٍۭ ٥
⁵ Faja‘alahum ka‘aṣfi m-ma’kūl(in)
- Warsh from Nafiʽ al-Madani
بِسۡمِ اِ۬للَّهِ اِ۬لرَّحۡمَـٰنِ اِ۬لرَّحِيمِ
Bismi l-lāhi r-raḥmāni r-raḥīm(i)
أَلَمۡ تَرَ كَيۡفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصۡحَـٰبِ اِ۬لۡفِيلِ ١
¹ ’alam tara kayfa fa‘ala rab-buka bi’aṣḥābi l-fīl(i)
أَلَمۡ يَجۡعَلۡ كَيۡدَهُمۡ فِے تَضۡلِيلٍ ٢
² ’alam yaj’al kaydahum fī taḍlīl(in)
وَأَرۡسَلَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ طَيۡرًا اَبَابِيلَ ٣
³ Wa’arsala ‘alayhim ṭayran ababīl(a)
تَرۡمِيهِم بِحِجَارَةٍ مِّن سِجِّيلٍ ٤
⁴ Tarmīhim biḥijārati m-min sij-jīl(in)
فَجَعَلَهُمۡ كَعَصۡفٍ مَّاكُولٍۭ ٥
⁵ Faja‘alahum ka‘aṣfi m-mākūl(in)
Meanings
1
Have you (O Muhammad (Peace be upon him)) not seen how your Lord dealt with the Owners of the Elephant? [The elephant army which came from Yemen under the command of Abrahah Al-Ashram intending to destroy the Kaaba at Mecca].
2
Did He not make their plot go astray?
3
And sent against them birds, in flocks,
4
Striking them with stones of Sijjil.
5
And made them like an empty field of stalks (of which the corn has been eaten up by cattle).
1
Have you not considered, [O Muhammad], how your Lord dealt with the companions of the elephant?
2
Did He not make their plan into misguidance?
3
And He sent against them birds in flocks,
4
Striking them with stones of hard clay,
5
And He made them like eaten straw.
1
Seest thou not how thy Lord dealt with the Companions of the Elephant?
2
Did He not make their treacherous plan go astray?
3
And He sent against them Flights of Birds,
4
Striking them with stones of baked clay.
5
Then did He make them like an empty field of stalks and straw, (of which the corn) has been eaten up.
1
Hast thou not seen how thy Lord dealt with the owners of the Elephant?
2
Did He not bring their stratagem to naught,
3
And send against them swarms of flying creatures,
4
Which pelted them with stones of baked clay,
5
And made them like green crops devoured (by cattle)?
Asbab al-nuzul
Taking its name from the mention of the "Army of the Elephant" in the first verse, this surah alludes to the
The Arabs[
Period of revelation
Surahs in the
Principal subject
The principal subject of the surah is a specific historic event. The year of
Theme of the surah
There are almost 7 divisions in the entire Qur'an according to Themes. In this
Coherence with adjacent surahs
The idea of textual relation between the verses of a chapter has been discussed under various titles such as nazm and munasabah in non-English literature and coherence, text relations, intertextuality, and unity in English literature.
Connection with previous surahs
In surahs
Connection with next surah
This Surah Al-Fil and the next one, Quraysh, form a pair about their subject-matter according to almost all of Quranic Scholars.[38][39][40] The first surah in the current pair(105 & 106) warns the Quraysh, about the Incident of the Elephant, to fear God, while the second surah urges them to keep in mind the favors they enjoy, because of the Baytullah and consequently to give up rebelliousness against God and worship Him only. In this particular surah and its dual counterpart, Surah Quraysh which succeeds it, they are cautioned that they have been blessed with peace and sustenance, not because of their efforts or because they were entitled to them, but because of the Prophet Abraham's invocation and the blessings of the House which he built. Therefore, instead of showing vanity, it is their obligation to worship the Lord of this House, who fed them in hunger and secured them against every kind of danger.[41]
Hadith about Surah Al-Fil
- Narrated Al-Muttalib bin 'Abdullah bin Qais bin Makhramah: from his father, from his grandfather, that he said: "I and the Messenger of God, were born in the Year of the Elephant" - he said: "And Uthman ibn Affan asked Qubath bin Ashyam, the brother of Banu Ya'mar bin Laith - 'Are you greater (in age) or the Messenger of God?'" He said: "The Messenger of God is greater than me, but I have an earlier birthday." He said: "And I saw the defecation of the elephant turning green."[42]
- The event took place at Muhassir by the Muhassab valley,Imam Malik in Mu'atta has related that Muhammad said that "the whole of Muzdalifah is a fit place for staying but one should not stay in the valley of Muhassir".[18]
- Narrated by Treaty of Hudaybiyyah ... (at a place) The she-camel of the Prophet (ﷺ) sat down. The people tried their best to cause the she-camel to get up but in vain, so they said, "Al-Qaswa' (i.e. the she-camel's name) has become stubborn! Al-Qaswa' has become stubborn!" The Prophet said, "Al-Qaswa' has not become stubborn, for stubbornness is not her habit, but she was stopped by Him Who stopped the elephant." Then he said, "By the Name of Him in Whose Hands my soul is, if they (i.e. the Quraish infidels) ask me anything which will respect the ordinances of God, I will grant it to them." The Prophet then rebuked the she-camel and she got up. ...[44]
- Narrated Abu Hureyrah that: "When God, the Exalted and Majestic, granted God's Messenger victory over Mecca (Conquest of Mecca), he stood before people and praised and extolled God and then said:[45] Verily God held back the elephants from Mecca and gave the domination of it to His Messenger and believers, and it (this territory) was not violable to anyone before me and it was made violable to me for an hour of a day, and it shall not be violable to anyone after me. So neither molest the game nor weed out thorns from it. And it is not lawful for anyone to pick up a thing dropped but one who makes a public announcement of it. And it a relative of anyone is killed he is entitled to opt for one of two things. Either he should be paid blood-money or he can take life as (a just retribution). ...[46][47][48]
See also
References
- ^ Arabic script in Unicode symbol for a Quran verse, U+06DD, page 3, Proposal for additional Unicode characters
- ^ "Surah Al-Feel Verse 1 | 105:1 الفيل - Quran O". qurano.com. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
- Sale's Text, Preliminary Discourse, and Notes. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, and Co..
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain - ^ "quran.com, al-Fil (105), Muhsin Khan".
- ^ "quran.com, al-Fil (105), Sahih International".
- ^ "quran.com, al-Fil (105), Yusuf Ali".
- ^ "quran.com, al-Fil (105), Pikhtall".
- ^ Ibn Hisham
- Ibn Sa'd al-BaghdadiI/1, 55 f
- ^ The Message of The Qur'an The Hundred-Fifth Surah Al-Fil (The Elephant) Note#2
- ^ Muhammad Asad – The Message of The Qur'an 1980
- ^ "105. Surah Al-Fil (The Elephant) - Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi - Tafhim al-Qur'an - The Meaning of the Qur'an".
- ISBN 978-1-58901-024-6.
- ^ Israr Ahmed – Bayan-ul-Quran – Introduction
- ISBN 0-231-07005-5, 9780231070058
- ISBN 9780231070058.
- Quran Verses in Chronological Order
- ^ a b Abul A'la Maududi-Tafhim-ul-Quran
- ^ a b Tafsir Ibn Kathir
- ^ Chronological Order of Quranic Surahs Archived 2018-01-13 at the Wayback Machine, by Kevin P. Edgecomb.
- ISBN 978-0-415-32639-1.
- JSTOR 25728163.
- ^ George Sale
- ISBN 0-911119-80-9
- ISBN 1-904510-00-0
- ISBN 1-4051-7844-2
- ^ Abdul Nasir Jangda - Tafsir lectures - Bayyinah Institute, 2300 Valley View ln. Suite 500 Irving, TX 75062
- ^ Tadabbur-i-Quran#Contents
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-10-23. Retrieved 2015-12-07.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "linguisticmiracle.com".
- ISBN 978-0-19-512558-0
- ^ "Surah 105. Al-Fil | Alim-Islamic Software for Quran and Hadith | Alim".
- ^ "Monthly Renaissance - Content".
- ISBN 978-1-134-22747-1.
- ISBN 978-0-89259-065-0.
- ISBN 978-969-8799-57-1.
- ^ "Articles - Al-Mawrid".
- ^ Dr.Israr Ahmed
- ^ Muhammad Asad
- ^ Nouman Ali Khan
- ^ Javed Ahmad Ghamidi
- Sahih al-Tirmidhi- Chapters on Virtues - Grade : Sahih (Darussalam) English reference : Vol. 1, Book 46, Hadith 3619 Arabic reference : Book 49, Hadith 3979
- Sahih Bukhari2731, 2732 In-book reference: Book 54, Hadith 19 USC-MSA web (English) reference: Vol. 3, Book 50, Hadith 891 (deprecated numbering scheme)
- Sunan Abu Dawood2765 In-book reference: Book 15, Hadith 289 English translation: Book 14, Hadith 2759
- ^ Sahih Muslim 1355 a In-book reference: Book 15, Hadith 509 USC-MSA web (English) reference: Book 7, Hadith 3142 (deprecated numbering scheme) Report Error | Share
- Sahih Bukhari112 In-book reference: Book 3, Hadith 54 USC-MSA web (English) reference: Vol. 1, Book 3, Hadith 112 (deprecated numbering scheme)
- ^ Bulugh al-Maram 739 In-book reference: Book 6, Hadith 32 English translation: Book 6, Hadith 758
- Sunan Abu Dawood2017 In-book reference: Book 11, Hadith 297 English translation: Book 10, Hadith 2012
External links
- Quran 105 Clear Quran translation
- Companions of the Elephant (Ashab ul-Fil)
- Year of the Elephant (Aam ul-Fil)
- Abraha Abraha
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