Al-Mu'ayyad Muhammad

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For other imams of Yemen called Al-Mu'ayyad, see Al-Mu'ayyad (disambiguation).

Al-Mu'ayyad Muhammad (1582 – September 1644) was an

Zaidi
state.

Succeeding to the imamate

Muhammad was the son of Imam

Kawkaban supported Muhammad.[2] The rising scored victories against Turkish troops. Most of the lowland area of Tihamah fell to the imam's forces, and San'a was besieged. The Ottoman difficulties were aggravated by the attacks of Shah Abbas the Great on Turkish positions in Iraq
.

Expulsion of the Ottomans

In 1629 Imam al-Mu'ayyad Muhammad proposed a truce with the Ottomans, as he saw the need to rest his own forces. The governor Haydar Pasha agreed, and on 9 March 1629 he handed over the keys to San'a to the imam's son Ali. The Turks withdrew to the coast under the imam's protection, and another son, Yahya, was made governor (amil) of San'a. Yet a major city,

Mocha, and Kamaran Island. Thus the first period of Ottoman rule in Yemen was at an end.[3]

Governance and personality

Al-Mu'ayyad Muhammad spent most of his reign fighting the Ottomans, as well as bringing a degree of unity among the various tribal groups of Yemen. In this work he was assisted by his able brothers al-Hasan (d. 1639), al-Husayn (d. 1640) and Ahmad (d. 1650). Ahmad was the ancestor of a line of hereditary lords of Sa'dah which sometimes opposed the authority of the imams. The imam's own son al-Qasim headed a dynastic branch that governed Shahara.

shariah on society, since this could have aleniated his tribal supporters.[5] At his death, al-Mu'ayyad Muhammad was succeeded by his brother al-Mutawakkil Isma'il
, though not without fraternal strife among contenders.

See also

References

  1. ^ R.W. Stookey, Yemen; The Politics of the Yemen Arab Republic. Boulder 1978, p. 145.
  2. ^ Michel Tuchscherer, Imams, notables et bedouins duYémen au XVIII siècle. Caire 1992, p. 13.
  3. ^ R.B. Serjeant & R. Lewcock, San'a'; An Arabian Islamic City. London 1983, p. 74; R.W. Stookey, p. 146.
  4. ^ Michel Tuchscherer, Imams, notables et bedouins dy Yémen au XVIII siècle. Caire 1992, p. 15.
  5. ^ R.B. Serjeant & R. Lewcock, p. 79.

Further reading

  • R.L. Playfair, A History of Arabia Felix or Yemen. Bombay 1859.
  • Michel Tuchscherer, 'Chronologie du Yémen (1506-1635)', Chroniques yémenites 8 2000, http://cy.revues.org/11
Preceded by
Zaydi Imam of Yemen

1620–1644 		Succeeded by
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