Al-Mufawwid

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Al-Mufawwid
المفوض إلى الله
Tulunid Egypt under Khumarawayh, bearing the names of the Caliph al-Mu'tamid and his heir al-Mufawwid
Heir-apparent of the Abbasid Caliphate
Tenure875 – 30 April 892
BornSamarra, Abbasid Caliphate
Diedc. 900s
Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate
Burial
Iraq
RelativesAl-Muntasir (uncle)
Al-Mu'tazz (uncle)
Al-Muwaffaq (uncle)
Al-Mu'tadid (cousin)
Names
Ja'far ibn Ahmad al-Mu'tamid Al-Mufawwid ila-llah
DynastyAbbasid
FatherAl-Mu'tamid
MotherKhallafah
ReligionSunni Islam

Ja'far ibn Ahmad al-Mu'tamid (

heir-apparent of the Caliphate from 875 until his sidelining by his cousin al-Mu'tadid
in 891.

Life

Family tree of the Abbasid dynasty in the middle and late 9th century

Ja'far ibn al-Mu'tamid is first mentioned on

Musa ibn Bugha as his deputy.[2][3] Nevertheless, it was al-Muwaffaq who held the actual power in the state, and this division of authority seems to have been mostly on paper; according to Hugh N. Kennedy, "it does not seem that al-Mufawwaḍ [sic] exercised any real authority".[3]

When al-Mu'tamid left

Ibn Tulun, fell out and open conflict broke out among them, al-Muwaffad was obliged to publicly curse and deprive his nominal subordinate Ibn Tulun of his offices, which went to the governor of Mosul, Ishaq ibn Kundaj.[3][5] In the event, however, Ibn Tulun prevailed over the Abbasid attacks and remained in charge of Egypt, as did his son Khumarawayh after him.[6]

In April 891, while al-Muwaffaq lay dying, an attempt was made to prevent the succession to the regency of his son, Abu'l-Abbas. Al-Muwaffaq had imprisoned his son for an unknown reason, and the governor of Baghdad tried to ensure that he would not be released, and secretly brought both the Caliph and al-Mufawwid into the city to capitalize on al-Muwaffaq's imminent death. The attempt failed due to the support Abu'l-Abbas enjoyed both among the populace and the army: Abu'l-Abbas was released by the troops, the governor's house was ransacked by the mob, and on 4 June, two days after al-Mufawwaq's death, the oath of allegiance was renewed, including Abu'l-Abbas, now under the title

al-Mu'tadid bi-llah, as second heir after al-Mufawwid.[7][3] Finally, on 30 April 892, al-Muwaffad was removed from the succession altogether,[8] and when al-Mu'tamid died in October, he was succeeded by al-Mu'tadid.[3]

See also

References

  1. ^ Waines 1992, p. 148.
  2. ^ Waines 1992, pp. 166–167.
  3. ^ a b c d e Kennedy 1993, pp. 765–766.
  4. ^ Waines 1992, pp. 169ff..
  5. ^ Fields 1987, pp. 97–98.
  6. ^ Bonner 2010, pp. 322, 323, 335.
  7. ^ Fields 1987, p. 176.
  8. ^ Fields 1987, pp. 166–169.

Sources

  • ISBN 978-0-521-83823-8
    .
  • Fields, Philip M., ed. (1987). The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXXVII: The ʿAbbāsid Recovery: The War Against the Zanj Ends, A.D. 879–893/A.H. 266–279. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
    ISBN 978-0-88706-054-0
    .
  • ISBN 978-90-04-09419-2
    .
  • Waines, David, ed. (1992). The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXXVI: The Revolt of the Zanj, A.D. 869–879/A.H. 255–265. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
    ISBN 978-0-7914-0763-9
    .
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