Alan Heyman
Alan Heyman | |
---|---|
Born | Alan Charles Heyman 16 March 1931 Korean traditional music |
Korean name | |
Hangul | 해의만 |
Hanja | |
Revised Romanization | Hae Uiman |
McCune–Reischauer | Hae Ŭiman |
Alan Charles Heyman (16 March 1931 – 1 March 2014) was a South Korean musicologist and composer. Born in the United States, he first came to South Korea in 1953 with the United States Army during the Korean War, and after completing a graduate degree in music education at Columbia University, moved to South Korea permanently in 1960 to devote himself to research and composition. He led traditional Korean music troupes on tours of North America and Europe, and made significant contributions to the preservation of Korean traditional music, for which he was recognised with awards from national and international organisations. He gave up his U.S. citizenship to become a South Korean citizen in 1995, and remained in the country until his death in 2014.
In the Korean War
Heyman was born in New York City on 16 March 1931 to Charles and Lillian Heyman.[2] He went on to attend the University of Colorado, where he majored in music while also studying a pre-medical course, graduating in 1952.[2][3] After his graduation, Heyman was drafted into the United States Army.[4] He initially knew nothing about Korea; when informed by his senior officer that he would be stationed in Uijeongbu near the South Korean capital Seoul, he asked, "Excuse me sir, in what part of Japan is Uijeongbu?" He would go on to serve as an army medic and lab technician.[5]
Heyman was first exposed to East Asian music during his Korean War service.
Heyman returned to the U.S. in 1954.[7] At that point, Heyman did not know the name of the instrument that had so fascinated him, the taepyeongso. He would not find out until after his tour of duty had ended and he had entered Columbia University to start studying towards his master's degree in music education: a fellow graduate student from South Korea informed Heyman, based on the description he provided, that the sound he heard was that of the taepyeongso, which he analogised to a "conical oboe".[6] That same friend would encourage Heyman to go back to South Korea and pursue his interest in Korean music.[8]
Return to South Korea
In 1960, the year after U.S. civilians could officially live in South Korea again, Heyman moved to
Heyman was initially nervous whether he could find success in his chosen field, but his confidence and reputation grew after a 1962 performance he gave, the first in which a foreigner had performed Korean traditional music on stage. He recalled that "the audience was flabbergasted. They couldn't believe that they were seeing a foreigner perform Korean music."
In 1973, Heyman led another troupe of National Gugak Center musicians on a tour of Europe. Again he ended up incurring unexpected expenses: the troupe arrived in Berlin and took a bus through East Germany on the way to the rest of Europe, but on the way back to Berlin a South Korean consular official in Paris demanded they fly instead of taking the bus, fearing that East German authorities might detain the musicians and turn them over to the North Koreans. Around that time, Heyman also considered moving back to the United States to take a position as an instructor in traditional Korean music and dance at Brown University, but the university cancelled its plans to hire him at the last minute. Instead he chose to remain in South Korea. His first wife died after a protracted struggle with liver cancer in 1985, leaving him with large debts as the couple had lacked medical insurance to pay for her treatments.[6]
Naturalisation and later life
Heyman applied for naturalisation as a South Korean citizen in 1995, after more than thirty years of living in the country. He first faced a grueling naturalisation test, in which only two students passed the written portion; however, the oral portion was much simpler for him, as his interviewer asked him only to tell the tale of Heungbu and Nolbu, which he knew quite well from his pansori studies.[4] As South Korea did not permit dual citizenship at the time, he then gave up his U.S. citizenship. He took the Korean name Hae Eui-man.[1] In September 2010, he donated a large amount of the research materials he had collected over the years to the National Gugak Center.[10]
In his old age, Heyman suffered from declining health, in particular spinal problems, but maintained good humour about his physical limitations.[2][6] Heyman died at his home in Hwagok-dong, Seoul on the evening of 1 March 2014.[11] His wake was held at Severance Hospital in Sinchon-dong two days later. He was survived by his second wife Ok-ja Choi, son Seong-gwang Hae, also a scholar of Korean music, another son Seon-ju Hae, an entrepreneur, and daughter Laam Hae, a professor at York University in Canada.[2]
Music and scholarship
In the 1960s, Heyman also began taking an interest in the music of Donald Sur, a Hawaii-born composer whose works drew inspiration from the traditional music of his Korean immigrant forebears, as well as that of Alan Hovhaness and Lou Harrison, who had both visited South Korea and were influenced by the music they encountered there. However, he was an opponent of attempts to adapt Korean music to Western sensibilities in the name of modernisation.[9] In 1985, he was particularly critical of Hwang Byungki's efforts in this regard in the composition Migung, calling it "Hwang's one and only venture into the abstract madness of modern music, and it is surely hoped that it will remain just that", and recounting an anecdote of a woman who ran "screaming from the concert hall" upon hearing it performed.[12]
Among the odd jobs that Heyman took to support himself and his wife during his music studies in the 1960s, he composed film scores for various films set in South Korea; by 1968, he had nearly a dozen such credits to his name, mostly documentaries.[6] One non-documentary one was Northeast of Seoul, a 1972 thriller directed by David Lowell Rich.[13] His English translation of Im Sok-jae's Mu-ga: The Ritual Songs of Korean Mudangs, sponsored by the Korea Literature Translation Association, was published by Asian Humanities Press in 2003.[14][15] In the last years of his life, Heyman worked on what he described as his "magnum opus", translating historical materials relating to the past half-century of the Korean National Folk Arts Festival.[4]
Heyman received various awards recognising his contributions to the study, preservation, and documentation of Korean traditional music. He received a
References
- ^ a b c "판소리를 세계에 알린 파란 눈의 이방인들" [The people from other lands making pansori known around the world]. Sisa Live. 2010-09-08. Retrieved 2014-03-04.
- ^ a b c d e f Seligson, Fred Jeremy (2014-03-03). "Korean music expert Heyman dies at 83". The Korea Times. Retrieved 2014-03-04.
- ^ a b "'푸른 눈' 원로 국악학자 해의만의 국악사랑 50년" ['Blue-eyed' elder Korean music scholar Hae Eui-man's 50 years of love for Korean music]. Seoul Shinmun. 2012-08-02. Retrieved 2014-03-04.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Boland-Rudder, Hahish (2011-02-10). "Alan Heyman donates his collection of musical treasures to National Gugak Center". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 2014-03-02.
- ^ "Interview with Mr. Alan Heyman, Army Medic and Lab Technician, Korean War". 60th Anniversary of the Korean War – Oral Histories & Video Files. Public Affairs Section, U.S. Embassy Seoul. Archived from the original on 2015-06-15. Retrieved 2014-03-04.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Kim Yoon-mi (2011-06-17). "Half a century with Korean music". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 2014-03-02.
- ^ "푸른 눈의 국악원로 해의만" [Blue-eyed Korean traditional musician Hae Eui-man]. Seoul Broadcasting System. 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2014-03-04.
- OCLC 900499.
- ^ a b c d Wade 1967, p. 216
- ^ "사람들: 국악 자료 기증한 해의만 씨" [People: Mr. Hae Eui-man, who donated materials on Korean music]. Yonhap News Agency. 2010-12-24. Retrieved 2014-03-04.
- ^ "'푸른눈'의 원로 국악학자 해의만 선생 별세" ['Blue-eyed' elder Korean music scholar Professor Hae Eui-man passes away]. Yonhap News Agency. 2014-03-02. Retrieved 2014-03-05.
- ISBN 9781409420309.. Both cite Heyman, Alan (1985). "Hwang Pyong-gi: Kayakum masterpieces". Korea Journal. 25 (1).
- ^ "Film Review: Northeast of Seoul (1972)". Films de France. Archived from the original on 2014-03-04. Retrieved 2014-03-04.
- ^ Kim Jin (2003-12-13). "Translation agency unveils more works". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 2014-03-04.
- JSTOR 25075864.
- ^ "국악발전 유공자 표창" [표창 for contributors to development of Korean music]. Yonhap News Agency. 1995-03-31. Retrieved 2014-03-05.
- ^ "국립국악원 개원 60주년 해의만 씨 등 29명 포상" [National Gugak Center awards prizes to Hae Eui-man and 28 others on their 60th anniversary]. The Dong-a Ilbo. 2011-04-13. Retrieved 2014-03-04.