Albert Claude

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Albert Claude
Université catholique de Louvain

Albert Claude (French pronunciation:

cell organelles such as mitochondrion, chloroplast, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, ribosome and lysosome. He was the first to employ the electron microscope in the field of biology. In 1945 he published the first detailed structure of cell. His collective works established the complex functional and structural properties of cells.[1]

Claude served as director at

George Palade and friend Christian de Duve.[2]

Early life and education

Albert Claude was born in 1899 (but according to civil register 1898) in Longlier, a hamlet in

veteran status.[3] He then wanted to continue education. Since he had no formal secondary education, particularly required for medicine course, such as in Greek and Latin, he tried to join School of Mining in Liège. By that time Marcel Florkin became head of the Direction of Higher Education in Belgium's Ministry of Public Instruction, and under his administration passed the law that enabled war veterans to pursue higher education without diploma or other examinations. As an honour to his war service, he was given admission to the University of Liège in 1922 to study medicine. He obtained his degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1928.[4]

Career

Claude received travel grants from Belgian government for his doctoral thesis on the

eukaryotic cells. This was the discovery of endoplasmic reticulum (a Latin for "fishnet").[3]

In 1949, he became Director of the Jules Bordet Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment (Institut Jules Bordet) and Professor at the Faculty of Medicine of the Free University of Brussels, where he was Emeritus in 1971.
In the mid sixties during an Electron Microscopy symposium in (Bratislava)-(Czechoslovakia) organized by the (UNESCO) at the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, he meets young scientist Dr. Emil Mrena who was at that time head of the Electron Microscopy department. He invited him to come and work with him in Brussels, making it possible for Dr. Mrena's family to escape the communist regime. Their close collaboration gave fruition to 5 publications from 1969 to 1974. With the support of his colleague and friend

Université catholique de Louvain) and Director of the "Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Cancérologie" in Louvain-la-Neuve where he moved with Dr. Emil Mrena as sole collaborator. At the same time, he was appointed Professor at the Rockefeller University, an institution with which he had remained connected, in different degrees, since 1929.[1]

Personal life

He married Julia Gilder in 1935, with whom he had a daughter, Philippa. They were divorced while he was at Rockefeller. Philippa became a neuroscientist and married Antony Stretton.

Claude was known to be a bit of an eccentric and had close friendship with painters, including Diego Rivera and Paul Delvaux, and musicians such as Edgard Varèse.

After his retirement in 1971 from the

natural causes, at his home in Brussels, on Sunday night on 22 May 1983, but he had stopped visiting his own laboratory in Louvain already in 1976 due to his weak health.[4]

Awards and recognitions

References

  1. ^ a b c Claude, Albert. "Albert Claude – Biographical". www.nobelprize.org. Nobel Media AB. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
  2. ^ a b Altman, Lawrence K. (24 May 1984). "DR. ALBERT CLAUDE DEAD AT 84; WON NOBEL PRIZE IN MEDICINE". The New York Times. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
  3. ^ a b "Albert Claude Biography (1898–1983)". Advameg, Inc. Retrieved 5 February 2014.
  4. ^ a b c "Claude, Albert". Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography. The Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 5 February 2014.
  5. PMID 19866787
    .
  6. S2CID 54323049
    .
  7. PMID 17503730
    .
  8. PMID 12743099
    .

Further reading

External links

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