Albert Fert
Albert Fert | |
---|---|
Université Paris-Saclay, Unité Mixte de Physique CNRS/Thales, Michigan State University[1] | |
Doctoral advisor | Ian Campbell |
Albert Fert (French:
Biography
In 1962 Albert Fert graduated from the
After the École Normale Supérieure, Fert attended the
On his return from military service in 1965, Fert became assistant professor at the Orsay Faculty of Sciences of the
Fert worked as research director for the university's condensed-matter physics laboratory (1970–1995) prior to moving to Unité Mixte de Physique, a laboratory jointly run by the Université Paris-Sud and the technology company Thales.
In 1988, Albert Fert at Orsay in France, and Peter Gruenberg at Jülich in Germany, simultaneously and independently discovered giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in magnetic multilayers.[6][7] This discovery is considered to mark the birth of spintronics,[8][9] a new subfield of electronics that exploits not only the electric charge of the electrons but also their magnetism (associated with their intrinsic angular momentum, or spin). Spintronics has already contributed important applications; the introduction of GMR read heads in hard disks has led to a considerable increase in the density of information storage.[9] Other spintronic properties are exploited in magnetic random access memory (MRAM),[9][10] which may soon impact computer and phone technology. In 2007, Fert and Prof. Grünberg jointly received the Japan Award (300.000 Euro) for their discovery of GMR.
In October 2006, Professor Fert received an honorary doctorate from the Department of Physics of the University of Kaiserslautern.[3]
Fert has made many contributions to the development of spintronics. Following his 2007 Nobel Prize, he began to explore possible spintronics applications of topological properties at surfaces and interfaces.[11] His most recent works are on the topologically protected magnetic solitons called skyrmions[12] and on the conversion between charge current and spin current by topological insulators.[13]
Honors and awards
- International Prize for New Materials(1994)
- French Physical Society(1994)
- International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) Magnetism Award (1994)
- Hewlett-Packard Europhysics Prize (1997)
- Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueGold Medal (2003)
- Gutenberg Lecture Award (2006)[3]
- Wolf Prize in Physics (2006)
- Japan Prize (2007)
- Elected to the French Academy of Sciences in 2004
- Nobel Prize in Physics (2007)
- Gay-Lussac Humboldt Award(2014)
References
- ^ "MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY ADJUNCT PHYSICS PROFESSOR WINS NOBEL PRIZE". MSU Today. 9 October 2007.
- ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2007".
- ^ a b c d "Prof. Albert Fert | GSE Mainz". www.mainz.uni-mainz.de. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
- ^ "Albert Fert, un Nobel amoureux de Bergman". LEFIGARO (in French). 31 December 2007. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
- ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2007 – Albert Fert – Facts". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
- PMID 10039127.
- PMID 9948867.
- OCLC 756724063.
- ^ S2CID 21075877.
- S2CID 60577959.
- S2CID 4452338.
- ISSN 2058-8437.
- S2CID 91173907.
External links
- Unité Mixte de Physique CNRS/Thales official website
- Albert Fert on Nobelprize.org