Aleppo vilayet

Coordinates: 36°28′N 37°05′E / 36.46°N 37.09°E / 36.46; 37.09
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Aleppo Vilayet
)

ولاية حلب
Vilâyet-i Haleb
Vilayet of Ottoman Empire
1866–1918
Flag of Aleppo Vilayet
Flag

The Aleppo Vilayet in 1900
CapitalAleppo
Area
 • Coordinates36°28′N 37°05′E / 36.46°N 37.09°E / 36.46; 37.09
Population 
• Muslim, 1914[1]
576,320
• Greek, 1914[1]
21,954
• Armenian, 1914[1]
40,843
History 
1866
• Disestablished
1918
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Adana Eyalet
Aleppo Eyalet
Dulkadir Eyalet
Occupied Enemy Territory Administration
Today part ofSyria
Turkey

The Vilayet of Aleppo

Arabic: ولاية حلب[citation needed]) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire, centered on the city of Aleppo
.

History

The vilayet was established in March 1866.

Urfa giving the province a roughly equal number of Arabic- and Turkish-speakers, as well as a large Armenian-speaking minority.[5]

Thanks to its strategic geographic location on the trade route between Anatolia and the east, Aleppo rose to high prominence in the Ottoman era, at one point being second only to Constantinople in the empire. However, the economy of Aleppo was badly hit by the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869, and since then Damascus rose as a serious competitor with Aleppo over the title of the capital of Syria.

Historically, Aleppo was more united in economy and culture with its sister Anatolian cities than with Damascus. This fact still shows today with the distinctive cultural differences between Aleppo and Damascus.

At the end of World War I, the

Sykes-Picot division of the Near East separated Aleppo from most of Mesopotamia, which also harmed the economy of Aleppo. The situation exacerbated further in 1939 when Alexandretta was annexed to Turkey, thus depriving Aleppo from its main port of İskenderun
and leaving it in total isolation within Syria.

Demographics

At the beginning of the 20th century it reportedly had an area of 30,304 square miles (78,490 km2), while the preliminary results of the first Ottoman census of 1885 (published in 1908) reported a population of 1,500,000.[6] The accuracy of the population figures ranges from "approximate" to "merely conjectural" depending on the region from which they were gathered.[6]

The dominant language was Arabic, but Turkish was spoken among the villagers of

Syriacs,Maronites, Jews, and some Germanic-speaking Europeans.[7]

Administrative divisions

Map of subdivisions of Aleppo Vilayet in 1907
Divisions of the Vilayet

Sanjaks of the vilayet, circa 1876[8]

  1. Jisr al-Shughur
    )
  2. Aintab Sanjak (Gaziantep, Kilis, Rumkale)
  3. Cebelisemaan Sanjak (
    Maarrat al-Nu'man, Manbij
    )
  4. Marash Sanjak (Kahramanmaraş, Pazarcık, Elbistan, Süleymanlı, Göksun)
  5. Şanlıurfa, Birecik, Nizip, Suruç, Harran, Raqqa
    )
  6. Ras al-Ayn
    )

Governors

See also

References

  1. ^
    Turkish General Staff. pp. 605–606. Archived from the original
    (PDF) on 7 October 2011. Retrieved 29 January 2011. // Original document on PDF Pages 629-630/656. Note that Alep is Aleppo in French.
  2. ^ Geographical Dictionary of the World, p. 1796, at Google Books
  3. ^ Salname-yi Vilâyet-i Edirne ("Yearbook of the Vilayet of Aleppo"), Halep vilâyet matbaası, Halep [Syria], 1291 [1874]. in the website of Hathi Trust Digital Library.
  4. .
  5. .
  6. ^
    A. H. Keane
    , page 460
  7. ^ Great Britain Parliament House of Commons Sessional Papers: Volume 93. H.M. Stationery Office. 1907. p. 5. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
  8. ^ Pavet de Courteille, Abel (1876). État présent de l'empire ottoman (in French). J. Dumaine. pp. 91–96.

External links