Alessandria
Alessandria
Lissandria (Piedmontese) | |
---|---|
Comune di Alessandria | |
San Baudolino | |
Saint day | November 10 |
Website | Official website |
Alessandria (Italian pronunciation:
Alessandria is also a major
History
Alessandria was founded in 1168 with a charter as a free comune; it was sited upon a preexisting urban nucleus, to serve as a stronghold for the Lombard League, defending the traditional liberties of the communes of northern Italy against the Imperial forces of Frederick Barbarossa. Alessandria stood in the territories of the marchese of Montferrat, a staunch ally of the Emperor, with a name assumed in 1168 to honour the Emperor's opponent, Pope Alexander III. In 1174–1175 the fortress was sorely tested by the Imperial siege and stood fast. A legend (related in Umberto Eco's book Baudolino, and which recalls one concerning Bishop Herculanus’ successful defence of Perugia several centuries earlier) says it was saved by a quick-witted peasant, Gagliaudo: he fed his cow with the last grain remaining within the city, then took it outside the city walls until he reached the Imperial camp. Here he was captured, and his cow cut open to be cooked: when the Imperials found the cow's stomach filled with grain, Gagliaudo was asked the reason to waste such a rich meal. He answered that he was forced to feed his cow with grain because there was such a lot of it, and no room to place it within the city. The Emperor, fearing that the siege would last too long, left Alessandria free (malaria was probably the real cause of his departure). A statue of Gagliaudo can be found on the left corner of the city cathedral.
Alessandria entered into jealous conflicts with the older communes of the region, in particular with Asti.[3]
In 1348 Alessandria fell into the hands of the
With Napoleon's success at the
From 1814 Alessandria was Savoyard territory once more, part of the
In a suburb, Spinetta Marengo, the Battle of Marengo is reenacted annually, on 14 June.
Alessandria was the first capital of an Italian province to be governed by a Socialist: the clockmaker Paolo Sacco was elected mayor on 25 July 1899.
Owing to its
On 6 November 1994 the Tanaro flooded a good part of the city, causing major damage, especially in the Orti quarter.
Jewish history
The first known
Geography
Climate
Alessandria is located in a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa), the city has moderately cold winters and hot, sultry summers. Rainfall is moderate, with two minimums (summer and winter) and two maximums in autumn and spring.
Climate data for Alessandria | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 3.2 (37.8) |
6.6 (43.9) |
12.6 (54.6) |
17.7 (63.8) |
22.4 (72.3) |
26.7 (80.1) |
29.5 (85.1) |
28.6 (83.5) |
24.1 (75.4) |
16.9 (62.5) |
9.4 (48.9) |
4.4 (40.0) |
16.8 (62.3) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2.4 (27.7) |
−0.6 (31.0) |
3.7 (38.6) |
8.0 (46.4) |
12.4 (54.3) |
16.2 (61.1) |
18.5 (65.3) |
17.9 (64.2) |
14.5 (58.1) |
9.3 (48.7) |
3.9 (39.1) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
8.4 (47.1) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 38 (1.5) |
37 (1.46) |
54 (2.13) |
64 (2.52) |
60 (2.36) |
47 (1.85) |
32 (1.26) |
36 (1.42) |
43 (1.69) |
74 (2.92) |
72 (2.84) |
46 (1.81) |
603 (23.75) |
Average snowfall cm (inches) | 4.4 (1.7) |
3.9 (1.5) |
2.1 (0.8) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0.3 (0.1) |
1.8 (0.7) |
12.5 (4.8) |
Average rainy days | 10 | 10 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 12 | 9 | 11 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 10 | 134 |
Average snowy days | 2.3 | 1.7 | 0.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 6.3 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
72 | 67 | 74 | 74 | 74 | 74 | 73 | 72 | 73 | 76 | 76 | 75 | 73 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 120.9 | 132.8 | 170.5 | 195 | 223.2 | 249 | 297.6 | 269.7 | 201 | 167.4 | 114 | 120.9 | 2,262 |
Mean daily sunshine hours | 3.9 | 4.7 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 7.2 | 8.3 | 9.6 | 8.7 | 6.7 | 5.4 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 6.2 |
Mean daily daylight hours | 9.3 | 10.5 | 12 | 13.5 | 14.9 | 15.6 | 15.2 | 14 | 12.5 | 10.9 | 9.6 | 8.8 | 12.2 |
Source 1: Intellicast[9] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: Weather Atlas(Snow-Daylight-UV)[10] Weather2Visit(Rainy days-Humidity-Sun)[11] |
Government
Main sights
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (June 2008) |
Monuments
- Cittadella Militare(18th century)
- The church of Santa Maria di Castello (14th and 15th century)
- The church of Santa Maria del Carmine (15th century)
- Palazzo Ghilini (1732)
- Università del Piemonte Orientale
- The Italian Branch of the Sabbath Rest Advent Church, Chiesa avventista del riposo sabatico.[12][13][14]
- music conservatory
Museums
- The Marengo Battle Museum
- Antiquarium Forum Fulvii
- Sale d'arte
- I percorsi del Museo Civico
- Museo del Fiume
- Museo di Scienze Naturali e Planetario
- Museo Etnografico "C'era una volta"
- Museo del Cappello Borsalino
- Sistema dei musei civici[15]
Cemetery
Events
- The annual Fraskettando SkaBluesJazz Festival,Mario Biondi, Mick Abrahams & Clive Bunkerand many others.
- Michele Pittaluga International Classical Guitar Competition Premio Città di Alessandria
- International Rally "Madonnina dei Centauri".[17]
- The International Kendo Trophy "City of Alessandria"
Transport
, respectively.Sport
The town's professional
People born in Alessandria
- Sibilla Aleramo (1876–1960), writer
- Walter Audisio (1909–1973), partisan
- Saint Baudolino (c. 700 – c. 740), hermit of Forum Fulvii
- Umberto Eco (1932–2016), writer
- Francesco Faà di Bruno (1825–1888), mathematician and priest
- Giovanni Ferrari (1907–1982), footballer
- Marta Gastini (born 1989), actress
- Blessed Teresa Grillo Michel (1855–1944), founder of the Congregation of the Little Sisters of Divine Providence .
- Georgius Merula (c. 1430 – 1494), humanist
- Giovanni Migliara (1785–1837), painter
- Angelo Morbelli (1854–1919), painter
- Elio Morille (1927–1998), rower
- Cristina Parodi (born 1964), journalist
- Magda Piccarolo (1912–?), soprano [18]
- Risorgimento
- Gianni Rivera (born 1943), footballer
- Franz Sala (1886–1952), film actor and makeup artist
- Franco Sassi (1912–1993), painter
- Pier Paolo Scarrone (born 1951), footballer
- Giuseppe Vermiglio (16th–17th centuries), painter
- Giovanni Ravazzotti (born 1943), pioneer the ceramic tile industry in South Africa
Twin towns — sister cities
Alessandria is
- Argenteuil, France, since 1960
- Jericho, Palestine, since 2004
- Hradec Králové, Czech Republic, since 1961
- Karlovac, Croatia, since 1963
- Rosario, Argentina, since 1988
- Alba Iulia, Romania, since 1990
See also
- Cittadella of Alessandria, a fortification
- Lacabòn, a local cake
- Roman Catholic Diocese of Alessandria
- Villa del Foro, a western suburb of the town which was the site of a Roman settlement.
References
- ^ "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
- ^ "Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
- ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 543.
- ISSN 0391-6715. Retrieved 2 February 2023.
- ^ Memoriale delle vittime dei bombardamenti Alleati della II Guerra Mondiale
- ^ Ricordo dell’inutile strage dal cielo: un memoriale con i nomi delle 559 vittime dei bombardamenti
- ^ Alessandria ricorda le 559 Vittime dei bombardamenti alleati della II guerra mondiale
- ^ a b c "Alessandria". Encyclopaedia Judaica. The Gale Group. 2008.
- ^ "Alessandria historic weather averages". The Casaccia Center of Enea. Retrieved 26 September 2009.
- ^ "Yearly & Monthly Weather - Alessandria, Italy". weather atlas. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
- ^ "Alessandria Weather Averages & Temperatures". weather 2 visit. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
- ISBN 978-3-290-17215-2. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
- ^ "'Gottesherrschaft' im Alltagsleben" (PDF). Siegener Zeitung. 8 April 2006. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
- ^ Sabbath Rest Advent Church, The History of the Sabbath Rest Advent Church, 2002.
- ^ "Città di Alessandria". www.comune.alessandria.it.
- ^ Fraskettando SkaBluesJazz Festival official website. Archived 2011-05-12 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Sito ufficiale del Moto Club Madonnina dei Centauri di Alessandria". www.mcmadonnina.it.
- ISBN 978-3-59-844088-5.
- ^ "Città gemellate". comune.alessandria.it (in Italian). Alessandria. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
External links
- Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. I (9th ed.). 1878. p. 479. .
- New International Encyclopedia. 1905.
.
- The official website of the city council (in Italian)