Alexander I of Epirus

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Alexander I
King of Epirus
Coin of Alexander I. Obverse: head of Zeus. Reverse: thunderbolt, caption ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟY ΤΟΥ ΝΕΟΠΤΟΛΕΜΟΥ.
Reign343/2 - 331 BC
PredecessorArybbas of Epirus
SuccessorAeacides of Epirus
Died331 BC
IssueNeoptolemus II of Epirus
HouseAeacidae
FatherNeoptolemus I of Epirus
ReligionAncient Greek religion

Alexander I of Epirus (

Aeacid dynasty.[2][3] As the son of Neoptolemus I and brother of Olympias, Alexander I was an uncle, and a brother-in-law, of Alexander the Great. He was also an uncle to Pyrrhus of Epirus
.

Biography

Neoptolemus I ruled jointly with his brother Arybbas. When Neoptolemus died in c. 357 BC, his son Alexander was only a child and Arrybas became the sole king. In c. 350 BC, Alexander was brought to the court of Philip II of Macedon in order to protect him. In 343/2 in his late 20s, Philip made him king of Epirus, after dethroning his uncle Arybbas.[2]

When Olympias was repudiated by her husband in 337 BC, she went to her brother, and endeavoured to induce him to make war on Philip. Alexander, however, declined the contest, and formed a second alliance with Philip by agreeing to marry the daughter of Philip (Alexander's niece)

Cleopatra. During the wedding in 336 BC, Philip was assassinated by Pausanias of Orestis
.

In 334 BC, Alexander I, at the request of the Greek colony of

Heraclea from the Lucanians, Terina from the Bruttii, and Sipontum on the Adriatic coast. Through the treachery of some Lucanian exiles, he was compelled to engage under unfavourable circumstances in the Battle of Pandosia and was killed by a Lucanian. He left a son, Neoptolemus, and a daughter, Cadmea.[4][5][6]

In a famous passage,[7] Livy speculates on what would have been the outcome of a military showdown between Alexander the Great and the Roman Republic. He reports that as Alexander of Epirus lay mortally wounded on the battlefield at Pandosia he compared his fortunes to those of his famous nephew and said that the latter "waged war against women".

References

  1. ^ "Alexander of Molossis". livius.org. 21 April 2019. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
  2. ^ a b Ellis, J. R., Philip II and Macedonian Imperialism, Thames and Hudson, 1976, pp. 90–1, 156–7
  3. ^ Hammond, N. G. L., Philip of Macedon, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994, p. 51
  4. Justin
    . Epitome of Pompeius Trogus, viii.6, ix.6, xii.2
  5. Ab urbe condita
    , viii.3, 17, 24
  6. ^ Aulus Gellius. Noctes Atticae, xvii.21
  7. ^ Livy 9.19
Preceded by
King of Epirus

343/2–331 BC 		Succeeded by
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