All Souls' Day
All Souls' Day | |
---|---|
2 November | |
Frequency | Annual |
Related to | Saturday of Souls, Thursday of the Dead, Day of the Dead, Halloween, All Saints' Day, Samhain, Totensonntag, Blue Christmas |
All Souls' Day, also called The Commemoration of All the Faithful Departed,
In
In other languages
Known in Latin as Commemoratio Omnium Fidelium Defunctorum, All Souls' Day is known
- in other Germanic languages as Allerseelen (German), Allerzielen (Dutch), Alla själars dag (Swedish), and Alle Sjæles Dag (Danish);
- in the Romance languages as Dia de Finados or Dia dos Fiéis Defuntos (Portuguese), Commémoration de tous les fidèles Défunts (French), Día de los Fieles Difuntos (Spanish), Commemorazione di tutti i fedeli defunti (Italian), and Ziua morților or Luminația (Romanian);
- in the Slavic languages as Wspomnienie Wszystkich Wiernych Zmarłych or Zaduszki (Polish), Vzpomínka na všechny věrné zesnulé, Památka zesnulých or Dušičky (Czech), Pamiatka zosnulých or Dušičky (Slovak), Spomen svih vjernih mrtvih (Croatian), and День всех усопших верных or День поминовения всех усопших (Den' vsekh usopshikh vernykh; Den' pominoveniya vsekh usopshih) (Russian)
- in the Baltic languages: Vėlinės or Visų Šventųjų Diena
- and in Welsh: Dygwyl y Meirw, lit. 'Feast of the Dead'.
Background
In the
The Catholic Church teaches that the purification of the souls in purgatory can be assisted by the actions of the faithful on earth. Its teaching is based also on the practice of
Religious observance by denomination
Byzantine (Greek) Catholic and Eastern Orthodox
These days are devoted to prayer for departed relatives and others among the faithful who would not be commemorated specifically as saints. The
Radonitsa
Another Memorial Day in the East, Radonitsa, does not fall on a Saturday, but on either Monday or Tuesday of the second week after Pascha (Easter).[11][12] Radonitsa does not have special hymns for the dead at the Divine Services. Instead a Panikhida will follow the Divine Liturgy, and then all will bring paschal foods to the cemeteries to greet the departed with the joy of the Resurrection.[11]
East Syriac tradition
East Syriac churches including the
In the
Latin Catholicism
History
In
In the sixth century, it was customary in Benedictine monasteries to hold a commemoration of the deceased members at Whitsuntide. In the time of
According to
The 2 November date and customs spread from the Cluniac monasteries to other Benedictine monasteries and thence to the Western Church in general.[18] The Diocese of Liège was the first diocese to adopt the practice under Bishop Notger (d. 1008).[8] 2 November was adopted in Italy and Rome in the thirteenth century.[16]
In the 15th century the Dominicans instituted a custom of each priest offering three Masses on the Feast of All Souls. During World War I, given the great number of war dead and the many destroyed churches where Mass could no longer be said, Pope Benedict XV, granted all priests the privilege of offering three Masses on All Souls' Day.[19]
Liturgical practice
If 2 November falls on a Sunday, All Souls' Day is observed on that day. In the
In
In the ordinary form of the Roman Rite, as well as in the
According to the sacred tradition of the Catholic Church, from Nov. 1 to Nov. 8, it is possible to gain plenary indulgence for the benefit of the souls of the departed who are in Purgatory.[24]
All Souls' indulgence
According to the Enchiridion of Indulgences, an
Lutheran Churches
Among continental lutherans its tradition has been more tenaciously maintained. During
Anglican Communion
In the
In the Anglican Communion, All Souls' Day is known liturgically as the Commemoration of All Faithful Departed, and is an optional observance seen as "an extension of All Saints' Day", the latter of which marks the second day of Allhallowtide.[31][32] Historically and at present, several Anglican churches are dedicated to All Souls. During the English Reformation, the observance of All Souls' Day lapsed, although a new Anglican theological understanding of the day has "led to a widespread acceptance of this commemoration among Anglicans".[33] Patricia Bays, with regard to the Anglican view of All Souls' Day, wrote that:[30]
All Souls Day … is a time when we particularly remember those who have died. The prayers appointed for that day remind us that we are joined with the
resurrection from the dead. , p. 128
As such, Anglican parishes "now commemorate all the faithful departed in the context of the All Saints' Day celebration", in keeping with this fresh perspective.
At the
Methodist Churches
In the
Popular customs
Many All Souls' Day traditions are associated with popular notions about
Europe
All Souls' Day is celebrated in many European countries with vigils, candles, the decoration of graves, and special prayers as well as many regional customs.
Philippines
This section needs additional citations for verification. (November 2022) |
In the Philippines, Hallow mas is variously called "Undás", "Todos los Santos" (Spanish, "All Saints"), and sometimes "Araw ng mga Patay / Yumao" (
See also
- Day of the Dead
- Festival of the Dead
- Zaduszki
- Flowering Sunday
- Decoration Day (Appalachia and Liberia)
- Cemetery Sunday
- Totensonntag
References
Citations
- ^ a b General Instruction of the Roman Missal, 346
- ^ "The Commemoration of All the Faithful Departed (All Souls' Day) - November 02, 2022 - Liturgical Calendar". Archived from the original on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
- ^ Bregman 2010, p. 45.
- ^ Cross & Livingstone 2005, p. 42.
- ^ Ball 2003, p. 33: All Souls' Day: The annual commemoration of all the faithful departed, 2 November.
- ^ Bannatyne 1998, p. 12.
- ^ "The Final Purification, or Purgatory". Catechism of the Catholic Church. vatican.va. Archived from the original on 14 February 2015. Retrieved 15 March 2020.
- ^ a b c Mershman 1907.
- ^ "Saints and Feasts: Saturday of Souls". www.goarch.org. Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America. Archived from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 6 November 2020.
- ^ Panteleimon of Antinoes (9 March 2013). "Saturday of the Souls". The Orthodox Path. Archived from the original on 20 October 2020. Retrieved 6 November 2020.
- ^ a b "The Liturgics of Archbishop Averky". www.holytrinitymission.org. Archived from the original on 26 July 2011. Retrieved 6 November 2020.
- ^ S. V. Bulgakov, Handbook for Church Servers, 2nd ed., 1274 pp. (Kharkov, 1900), pp. 586–589. Tr. by Archpriest Eugene D. Tarris © 2007.
- ^ "Commemoration of the Departed Faithful". Nasrani Foundation. Archived from the original on 4 November 2016. Retrieved 3 November 2016.
- ^ "Syro Malabar Liturgical Calendar 2016" (PDF). Syro-Malabar Major Archiepiscopal Commission for Liturgy. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
- ^ Cross & Livingstone 2005, p. 459.
- ^ a b MacDonald 1967, p. 119.
- ^ Butler 1990, p. 12.
- ^ McNamara 2013.
- ^ Saunders 2003.
- ^ Divine Worship: The Missal, pp. 871–875, 1024–1032
- ^ Roman Missal, "The Commemoration of All the Faithful Departed", and "Universal Norms on the Liturgical Year and the Calendar", 59
- ^ Divine Worship: The Missal, "Commemoration of All the Faithful Departed (All Souls)", p. 871
- ^ Missale Romanum 1962, Rubricæ generales, "De dierum liturgicorum occurentia accidentali eorumque translatione", 96b
- ^ "November 1 to 8: Plenary Indulgence for the Deceased".
- ^ "Enchiridion Indulgentiarum" (in Latin) (4th ed.). Libreria Editrice Vaticana. 16 July 1999. N.15. Archived from the original on 14 January 2010.
- ^ "The Enchiridion of Indulgences". Catholic Online. Archived from the original on 8 April 2019. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
- ^ a b c d Chisholm 1911.
- ^ Markussen 2013, p. 183.
- ^ "Totensonntag: Welche Bedeutung hat der stille Gedenktag?". Archived from the original on 19 June 2023. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
- ^ a b Bays & Hancock 2012, p. 128.
- ^ a b c Armentrout & Slocum 1999, p. 7.
- ^ Dickison 2014.
- ^ Michno 1998, p. 160.
- ^ English 2004, p. 4.
- ^ Armentrout & Slocum 1999, p. 232.
- ^ a b c "All Saints' Day/All Faithful Departed" (PDF). episcopalchurch.org. The Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society. 28 October 2012. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
- ^ BCP 1850.
- ^ "Lesser Festivals". The Church of England. Archived from the original on 5 December 2020. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
- ^ Hileman 2003.
- ^ Peck 2011.
- ^ Sherwood, Colin. "All Souls Day Service". St Andrew`s Methodist Church. Methodist Church of Great Britain. Archived from the original on 8 August 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2015.
During our All Souls Day Service on 2nd. November, as we remembered our loved ones who had died, some recently and other longer ago, candles were lit in memory of them and placed on a cairn built in front of the pulpit.
- ^ Schousboe 2012, pp. 10–13.
- ^ "Maltese traditions to mark All Souls Day at the Inquisitor's Palace". Times of Malta. 27 October 2016. Archived from the original on 5 July 2019. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
- ^ From sleevenotes, Triton Trombone Quartet: "German Trombone Music"; BIS-CD-644
- ^ Strašíková, Lucie. "Dušičky – čas symbolického prolínání světa živých a mrtvých". ČT24 (in Czech). Česká televize. Archived from the original on 30 October 2021. Retrieved 30 October 2021.
- ^ "Sicilian Post: The Day of the Dead in Sicily". November 2018. Archived from the original on 29 November 2020.
- ^ a b "Palermo Street Food - The Sicilian Day of the Dead". November 2014. Archived from the original on 30 March 2016.
- ^ "Dooid Magazine - All Souls Day Traditions in Sicily". 12 October 2019. Archived from the original on 2 November 2021.
- ^ "Notte di Zucchero". Archived from the original on 1 November 2020.
- ^ a b Lazzari, Martina (29 October 2023). "Piada dei morti, preparazione e curiosità sulla dolce "piadina" romagnola" [Piada dei morti: Preparation and curiosity about the sweet Romagnol "piadina"]. RiminiToday (in Italian). Retrieved 17 February 2024.
- ^ "Piada dei morti ricetta dolce facile romagnolo per il 2 Novembre" [Easy recipe for sweet Romagnol piada dei morti for 2 November]. Giallo Zafferano (in Italian). 31 October 2017. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
- ^ "All Saints Day around the world". The Guardian. 1 November 2010. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
Sources
- Armentrout, Donald S.; Slocum, Robert Boak (1999). An Episcopal Dictionary of the Church: A User-Friendly Reference for Episcopalians. Church Publishing Incorporated. ISBN 978-0-89869-211-2.
- Ball, Ann (2003). Encyclopedia of Catholic Devotions and Practices. Our Sunday Visitor. ISBN 978-0-87973-910-2.
- Bannatyne, Lesley (1998). HALLOWEEN: An American Holiday, an American History. Pelican. ISBN 978-1-4556-0553-8. Archivedfrom the original on 21 August 2021. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- Bays, Patricia; Hancock, Carol L. (2012). This Anglican Church of Ours. Wood Lake. ISBN 978-1-77064-439-7.
- Bregman, Lucy (2010). Religion, Death, and Dying. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-35180-8. Archivedfrom the original on 20 August 2021. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- Butler, Alban (1990). "St Odilo, Abbot". In Herbert J. Thurston; Donald Attwater (eds.). Butler's Lives of the Saints. Vol. I : January – February – March. Westminster, Maryland: Christian Classics.
- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
- ISBN 978-0-19-280290-3.
- Dickison, Scott (22 October 2014). "Recovering Allhallowtide". Baptist News Global. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 20 September 2015.
- English, June (2004). Anglican Young People's Dictionary. Church Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8192-1985-5.
- Hileman, Laura Huff (2003). "What is All Saint's Day?". The Upper Room (United Methodist Church). Archived from the originalon 26 January 2012. Retrieved 31 October 2011.
Saints are just people who are trying to listen to God's word and live God's call. This is "the communion of saints" that we speak of in the Apostle's Creed – that fellowship of believers that reaches beyond time and place, even beyond death. Remembering the saints who have helped extend and enliven God's kingdom is what All Saints Day is about.
- MacDonald, The Most Revd William, ed. (1967). "All Souls' Day". The New Catholic Encyclopedia. The Catholic University of America. ISBN 9780070102354.
- Markussen, Anne Kjaersgaard (2013). "Death and the State of Religion in Denmark". In Venbrux, Eric; Quartier, Thomas; Venhorst, Claudia; Mathijssen, Brenda (eds.). Changing European Death Ways. Münster: LIT Verlag. ISBN 978-3-643-90067-8.
- McNamara, Edward (3 December 2013). "All Souls' Commemoration". ZENIT – The World Seen From Rome. Archived from the original on 22 October 2014. Retrieved 30 October 2014.
- McNamara, Edward (29 October 2014). "All Souls' Day and the Vigil Mass". ZENIT – The World Seen From Rome. Archived from the original on 23 October 2015. Retrieved 30 October 2014.
- Right Rev. Richard Mant, ed. (1850). The Book of Common Prayer (6th ed.). Francis & John Rivington.
- Mershman, Francis (1907). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company. . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
- Michno, Dennis G. (1998). A Priest's Handbook: The Ceremonies of the Church, Third Edition. Church Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8192-2504-7.
- Peck, The Rev. J. Richard (2011). "Do United Methodists believe in saints?". The United Methodist Church. Archived from the originalon 18 July 2012. Retrieved 31 October 2011.
We also recognize and celebrate All Saints' Day (1 Nov.) and "all the saints who from their labors rest". United Methodists call people "saints" because they exemplified the Christian life. In this sense, every Christian can be considered a saint.
- Saunders, William (2003). "All Saints and All Souls". catholiceducation.org. Archived from the original on 18 October 2020. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- Schousboe, Karen, ed. (2012), "Alls Saints and All Souls" (PDF), Medieval Histories, vol. 11, no. 1, ISBN 978-87-92858-09-2, archived from the original(PDF) on 13 March 2016
Further reading
External links
- "Saturday before Pentecost" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 June 2007. (17.1 KB) Notes on Russian Orthodox observance by N. Bulgakov
- "Saturday of Meatfare Week" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2007. (13.9 KB) N. Bulgakov
- "Pope offers Mass for faithful departed on All Souls' Day", Vatican radio, 2 November 2016