Allied leaders of World War I

French Third Republic

• Raymond Poincaré^[9] – President of France (1913–1920)
• René Viviani – Prime Minister of France (1914–1915)
• Aristide Briand – Prime Minister of France (1915–1917)
• Paul Painlevé – Prime Minister of France (1917)
• Georges Clemenceau – Prime Minister of France and Minister of War (1917–1920)
• Adolphe Messimy – Minister of War (1914)
• Alexandre Millerand – Minister of War (1914–1915)
• Marie-Jean-Lucien Lacaze – Minister of War (1917)
• Paul Painlevé – Minister of War (1917)
• Joseph Joffre^[10] – Commander-in-Chief of the French Army (1914–1916); Marshal of France from the end of 1916
• Ferdinand Foch^[11] – Commander of French Army Group North (1914–1916), Commander-in-chief and Generalissimo of the Allied Armies (1918); Marshal of France from August 1918
• Robert Nivelle^[12] – Commander-in-Chief of the French Army (1916–1917)
• Philippe Pétain^[13] – Commander-in-Chief of the French Army (1917–1918); Marshal of France from November 1918
• Maxime Weygand – General in the French Army and one of the Permanent Military Representatives in the Allied Supreme War Council
• Augustin Dubail – Commanded the 1st Army (1914–1915) followed by Army Group East at Battle of Verdun until 1916. He was later military governor of Paris (1916–1918)
• Fernand de Langle de Cary – Commander of the 4th Army in the Battle of the Ardennes, 1914. Later took command of Central Army Group in 1915–1916.
• Victor d'Urbal – Commander of all French troops in Belgium in 1914, then the 8th Army (1915–1916) and 10th Army which participated in the Second and Third Battle of Artois
• Army of the Orient and which evolved to the Allied Army of the Orient on the Macedonian front
  (1915–1917)
• Adolphe Guillaumat – Commander of the Allied Army of the Orient (1917–1918), then became military governor of Paris and was appointed to the Supreme War Council
• Louis Franchet d'Espèrey – Commander of Army Group North 1916–1918, The Allied Army of the Orient and in the Liberation of Serbia (1918)
• Joseph Gallieni – Military Governor of Paris and Minister of War (1915–1916)
• Michel-Joseph Maunoury – Commander of the 6th Army (1914–1915) during the First Battle of the Marne
• Pierre Roques – Commanded the 1st Army (1915–1916) and served as Minister of War (1916)
• Marie-Eugène Debeney – General of the 1st Army (1917–1918) and Chief of Staff to Philippe Pétain
• Italian Front
  (1917–1918) ). Finally the Northern Army Group (1918)
• Army Detachment of the Vosges which later became the 7th Army
  (1914–1915)
• Louis de Maud'huy – Commander of the 10th Army (1914–1915), followed by command of the 7th Army in 1915, notably at the Battle of Hartmannswillerkopf
• Georges Louis Humbert – Commander of the 8th Army (1915) followed by command of the 3rd Army (1915–1918)
• Denis Auguste Duchêne – Commander of the 6th Army (1917–1918) during the Third Battle of the Aisne
• Charles Mangin – Commanded the 6th Army (1916–1917) in the Second Battle of the Aisne and later the 10th Army in the Second Battle of the Marne
• Gallipoli Campaign
  where he lost his arm, later commanded the 4th Army (1915–1916 & 1917–1918)
• François Anthoine – Commander of the 1st Army during the Battle of Passchendaele (1917)
• Fifth Army
• Noël Èdouard de Castelnau – Commander of the 2nd (1914–1915), Central Army Group (1915) and Eastern Army Group (1918)
• Émile Fayolle – Commander of the 1st Army (1916–1917), Army Group Center (1917), French divisions to the Italian Front (1917–1918) and the Army Group Reserve (1918)
• Hubert Lyautey – Resident-General of Morocco (1912–1916), suppressing rebellions in North Africa during the war. Minister of War (1916–1917)
• Jean César Graziani – Commander of the Italian 12th Army in the Battle of Vittorio Veneto
• Milan Rastislav Štefánik – Commander of Czechoslovak Legions
• French Air Force

British Empire

• King George V – King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India

United Kingdom

• H. H. Asquith – Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1908–1916), Secretary of State for War (1914)
• David Lloyd George – Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1916–1922), Secretary of State for War (1916)
• Herbert Kitchener – Secretary of State for War (1914–1916)
• The Earl of Derby – Secretary of State for War (1916–1918)
• The Viscount Milner – Secretary of State for War (1918–1919)
• Chief of the Imperial General Staff (1914–1915), British Troops in Egypt
  (1916–1917)
• William Robertson – Chief of the Imperial General Staff (1916–1918)
• John French – Commander-in-Chief of the BEF (1914–1915) and Commander-in-Chief, Home Forces (1915–1918)
• Douglas Haig – Commander-in-Chief of the British Expeditionary Force (1915–1918)
• Henry Wilson – Advisor of John French and Chief of the Imperial General Staff (1918–1922)
• Archibald Murray – Chief of Staff of the British Expeditionary Force (1914–1915), Chief of the Imperial General Staff (1915) and Commander of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force (1916–1917)
• Edmund Allenby – Commander of the Third Army
  and later the Egyptian Expeditionary Force (1917–1918)
• Henry Horne – Commander of the First Army (1916–1918)
• Horace Smith-Dorrien – Led the II Corps of the BEF at the Battle of Mons and Le Cateau, he then commanded the 2nd Army (1914–1915)
• Italian Expeditionary Force
  before going back to the 2nd Army (1918)
• Henry Rawlinson – British General of the Fourth Army, notably at the Battle of the Somme and Battle of Amiens
• Hubert Gough – Commander of the Fifth Army (1916–1918)
• George Milne – Commander of the British Salonika Army at the Salonika front (1916-1918f)
• Italian 10th Army at the Battle of Vittorio Veneto
• Gallipoli Campaign
• Anglo-Egyptian Darfur Expedition
• Charles Macpherson Dobell – Commander of the Allied force in the Kamerun campaign
• Somaliland Campaign
• Mesopotamian Campaign
• First Sea Lord
  (1912–1914)
• First Sea Lord
  (1914–1915)
• First Sea Lord
  (1915–1916)
• First Sea Lord
  (1916–1918)
• First Sea Lord
  (1918–1919)
• David Beatty – Commanding officer of the Grand Fleet (1916–1919)
• Winston Churchill – First Lord of the Admiralty (1911–1915)
• Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
  (1916–1919)
• Sir Edward Carson – First Lord of the Admiralty
  (1916–1917)
• Sir Eric Geddes – First Lord of the Admiralty
  (1917–1919)
• Gallipoli Campaign
• David Henderson – Director-General of Military Aeronautics (1913–1917)
• Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
  (1905–1916)`

Australia

• Joseph Cook – Prime Minister of Australia (1913–1914)
• Andrew Fisher – Prime Minister of Australia (1914–1915)
• Billy Hughes – Prime Minister of Australia (1915–1923)
• Governor-General of Australia
• Edward Millen – Minister for Defence (to 17 September 1914)
• George Pearce – Minister for Defence (from 17 September 1914)
• Minister for the Navy
  (1915–1917)
• Joseph Cook – Minister for the Navy (1917–1920)
• William Birdwood – Commander of the ANZAC (1914–1916) and Australian Imperial Force (1915–1919)
• John Monash – Commander of the Australian Corps (1918)
• William Holmes – Commander of the Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force (1914–1915)
• Harry Chauvel – Commander of Desert Mounted Corps (1917–1919)

Dominion of Canada

• Robert Borden – Prime Minister of Canada (1911–1920)
• Governor-General of Canada
  (1911–1916)
• The Duke of Devonshire – Governor-General of Canada (1916–1921)
• Minister of Militia and Defence
  (1911–1916)
• Albert Edward Kemp – Minister of Militia and Defence (1916–1917) Minister of Overseas Military Forces of Canada (1917–1918)
• Joseph Flavelle – Chairman of Imperial Munitions Board (1915–1919)
• Edwin Alderson – Commander of the Canadian Corps (1915–1916)
• Julian Byng – Commander of the Canadian Corps (1916–1917) and British Third Army (1917–1919)
• Arthur Currie – Commander of 1st Canadian Division (1915–1917) and Canadian Corps (1917–1919)

British Raj

• Viceroy of India
  (1910–1916)
• Lord Chelmsford – Viceroy of India (1916–1921)
• Robert Crewe-Milnes – Secretary of State for India (1911–1915)
• Austen Chamberlain – Secretary of State for India (1915–1917)
• Edwin Samuel Montagu
  – Secretary of State for India (1917–1922)
• Beauchamp Duff – Commander-in-Chief, India (1914–1916)
• Charles Monro – Commander-in-Chief, India (1916–1920), Mediterranean Expeditionary Force (1915–1916) and the British First Army (1916)
• John Nixon – Commander in the British Indian Army
• Western Front

Union of South Africa

• Louis Botha – Prime Minister of South Africa
• The Earl of Buxton – Governor-General of South Africa
• East African Campaign
  (1916–1917)
• Jacob van Deventer – commanded the Union Defence Force and later all forces of the South African Overseas Expeditionary Force in the East African Campaign (1917–1918)

Dominion of New Zealand

• William Massey – Prime Minister of New Zealand
• Governor-General of New Zealand
• Alexander Godley – Chief of Army of New Zealand Military Forces (1910–1914) and The New Zealand Expeditionary Force (1914–1918)
• Alfred William Robin
  – Quartermaster-General and Chief of Army of New Zealand Military Forces (1914–1919)
• Andrew Hamilton Russell – Commander of the New Zealand Division

Dominion of Newfoundland

• Prime Minister of Newfoundland
  (1909–1917)
• John Crosbie – Prime Minister of Newfoundland (1917–1918)
• William Lloyd – Prime Minister of Newfoundland (1918–1919)
• Governor of Newfoundland
  (1913–1917)
• Charles Alexander Harris – Governor of Newfoundland (1917–1922)
• Arthur Lovell Hadow – Commander of the Royal Newfoundland Regiment in the Battle of the Somme 1916
• James Forbes-Robertson – Deputy Commanding Officer of the 1st Battalion of the Royal Newfoundland Regiment, acting commander during the Battle of Monchy-le-Preux (part of the Battle of Arras)

Kingdom of Serbia

• King of Serbia
• Crown Prince Alexander – Regent, nominal Commander-in-Chief
• Nikola Pašic – Prime Minister (1912–1918)
• Radivoje Bojović [sr] – Minister of War (1914–1915)
• Radomir Putnik – Chief of Staff of the Serbian Army (1914–1915)
• Živojin Mišić – Deputy Chief of General Staff (1914), Commander of First Army (1914–1915; 1917) and Chief of General Staff (1918)
• Petar Bojović – Commander of First Army (1914), Deputy Chief of General Staff (1915–1916), Chief of General Staff (1916–1918) later Commander of First Army (1918)
• Stepa Stepanovic – Commander of Second Army
  (1914–1918)
• Pavle Jurišić Šturm – Commander of Third Army (1914–1916)

Kingdom of Montenegro

• King of Montenegro
• Janko Vukotić – Prime Minister and Commander of the 1st Army
• Božidar Janković – Chief of Staff of the Montenegrin Supreme Command
• Petar Pešić – Chief of Staff of the Montenegrin Supreme Command
• Andrija Radović – Prime Minister in Exile (1916–1917)
• Montenegrin Campaign

Belgium

• Albert I of Belgium^[15] – King of the Belgians and Commander-in-chief
• Charles de Broqueville – Prime Minister (1911–1918)
• Gérard Cooreman – Prime Minister (1918)
• Antonin de Selliers de Moranville – Chief of Staff until September 6, 1914
• Félix Wielemans – Deputy Chief of Staff (1914) and Chief of Staff (1914–1917)
• Louis Ruquoy – Chief of Staff (1917–1918)
• Cyriaque Gillain – Chief of Staff (1918)
• Belgian Government-in-exile
• Alphonse Jacques de Dixmude – General notable for his role in the Battle of the Yser
  , later commanded the 3rd Division (1917–1919)
• Gérard Leman – General commanding the defense of Liège
• East African theater

Luxembourg

• Marie-Adélaïde – Grand Duchess of Luxembourg
• Prime Minister

Kingdom of Italy

Victor Emanuel III of Italy

• Victor Emmanuel III^[16] – King of Italy
• Antonio Salandra – Prime Minister of Italy (1914–1916)
• Paolo Boselli – Prime Minister of Italy (1916–1917)
• Vittorio Orlando – Prime Minister of Italy (1917–1919)
• Italian Minister of War
  (1914–1916) (1918)
• Paolo Morrone – Italian Minister of War (1916–1917)
• Gaetano Giardino – Italian Minister of War (1917)
• Vittorio Luigi Alfieri – Italian Minister of War (1917–1918)
• Luigi Cadorna – Chief of Staff of the Italian Army (1914–1917)
• Armando Diaz – Chief of Staff of the Italian Army (1917–1919)
• Third Army through all 12 Battles of the Isonzo
• First Army
  (1916–1918)
• Second Army
  in 1917
• Fourth Army
  (1918)
• Mario Nicolis di Robilant – Commander of the Fourth Army (1915–1918) and Italian representative to the Allied Supreme War Council
• Fifth Army
• Eight Army
• Ernesto Mombelli – Italian commander on the Macedonian front
• Paolo Thaon di Revel – Commander-in-Chief of the Italian Navy
• Alfredo Acton – Chief of Staff of the Italian Navy
• Luigi Amedeo – Commander-in-Chief of the Adriatic Fleet of Italy
• Maurizio Moris – Head of Italian military aviation

Kingdom of Romania

• Ferdinand I – King of Romania
• Ion I. C. Brătianu – Prime Minister of Romania (1914–1918)
• Alexandru Averescu – Prime Minister of Romania (1918) and Commander of the 2nd Army, 3rd Army, then Army Group South
• Vintilă Brătianu – Minister of War
• Vasile Zottu [ro] – Chief of the General Staff of Romania (1914–1916)
• Constantin Prezan – Commander of the 4th (also known as Northern Army), later Chief of the General Staff of Romania (1916–1918)
• Ioan Culcer – Led the 1st Army during the Battle of Transylvania
• Eremia Grigorescu – Commander of the II Corps, VI Corps, VI Corps and finally the 1st Army during the Battle of Mărășești
• Constantin Cristescu – Chief of Staff of the 2nd and 3rd Army and later of Army Group Averescu. Later commanded the Northern and 1st Army
• Mihail Aslan – Commander of the 3rd Army
• Artur Văitoianu – Commander of the II Corps during the Battle of Mărăști, later commander of the Second Army (1917–1918)
• Ion Dragalina – Commander of the 1st Division at the Battle of Orșova, later briefly commander of the 1st Army (1916)
• Eustațiu Sebastian – Commander of the Romanian Navy (1909–1917)

United States

• Woodrow Wilson^[17] – President of the United States
• Thomas R. Marshall^[18] – Vice President of the United States
• Newton D. Baker – Secretary of War
• Josephus Daniels – Secretary of the Navy
• Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army
  (1917–1918)
• Peyton C. March – Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army (1918)
• John J. Pershing^[19] – Commander of the American Expeditionary Forces
• William Sims – Commander of all American naval forces in Europe
• First American Army
  (1918)
• Robert Lee Bullard – Commander of the Second American Army (1918)

Empire of Japan

Okuma Shigenobu, 5th Prime Minister of Japan

.

• Yoshihito^[20] – Emperor of Japan
• Okuma Shigenobu – Prime Minister of Japan
  (1914–1916)
• Terauchi Masatake – Prime Minister of Japan (1916–1918)
• Hara Takashi – Prime Minister of Japan (1918–1921)
• Kamio Mitsuomi – Commander of the Army during the Siege of Tsingtao
• Kato Sadakichi – Commander of the Second Fleet
  during the Siege of Tsingtao
• Kōzō Satō – Commander of the Second Special Task Fleet in the Mediterranean

Kingdom of Greece

• King of Greece
  (1913–1917)
• Alexander of Greece – King of Greece (1917–1920)
• Eleftherios Venizelos – Prime Minister of Greece
• Panagiotis Danglis – Commander-in-Chief of Greek forces on the Macedonian front
• Emmanouil Zymvrakakis – Commanded the first Greek units on the Macedonian front and commanded the Greek forces in the Battle of Skra-di-Legen
• Leonidas Paraskevopoulos – Commander of the I Army Corps (1917–1918)
• Pavlos Kountouriotis – Minister of the Navy

Kingdom of Hejaz

• Hussein bin Ali – King of Hejaz, Sharif of Mecca and leader of the Arab Revolt
• Faisal bin Hussein – Commander of the Northern Arab Army
• Abdullah bin Hussein – Commander of the Eastern Arab Army
• Ali bin Hussein
  – Commander of the Southern Arab Army
• T. E. Lawrence – British Officer in the Arab Revolt

First Portuguese Republic

• Bernardino Machado – President of Portugal (1915-1917)
• Minister of War and Minister of Foreign Affairs
  (1917-1918) before being elected President
• Afonso Costa – Prime Minister of Portugal (1915-1916, 1917) upon entry into war
• António José de Almeida - Prime Minister of Portugal (1916-1917) and Minister of the Colonies (1916-1917)
• José Norton de Matos – Minister of War (1915-1917)
• Vítor Hugo de Azevedo Coutinho - Minister of the Navy
  (1915-1917)
• José António Arantes Pedroso [pt] - Minister of the Navy (1917)
• Antonio Aresta Branco [pt] - Minister of the Navy (1917-1918)
• José Carlos da Maia [pt] - Minister of the Navy (1918)
• João do Canto e Castro - Minister of the Navy (1918)
• Ernesto de Vilhena [pt] - Minister of the Colonies (1917)
• João Tamagnini Barbosa - Minister of the Colonies (1917-1918)
• Fernando Tamagnini de Abreu e Silva – Commander-in-Chief of the Portuguese Expeditionary Corps (1917–1918)
• Tomás António Garcia Rosado – Commander-in-Chief of the Portuguese Expeditionary Corps (1918)
• South West Africa Campaign
• East African Campaign
• Paris Peace Conference

Kingdom of Siam

• King of Siam
• Minister of Defence and Commander-in-Chief of the Royal Siamese Army
• Chakrabongse Bhuvanath – Chief of staff in the Royal Siamese Army
• Phraya Thephatsadin – Commander of Siamese Expeditionary Forces on the Western Front

Emirate of Nejd and Hasa

• Abdul Aziz ibn Saud – Emir of Nejd and Hasa
• William Shakespear – British Military Advisor to Emirate of Nejd and Hasa

First Brazilian Republic

• Venceslau Brás – President of Brazil
• Pedro Frontin – Admiral and Commander of the Brazilian Naval Division (DNOG)
• José Pessoa Cavalcanti – Brazilian Captain and part of the preparatory military mission of Brazilian officers to French units in 1918
• Dr. Nabuco Gouveia – Chief of the Brazilian Medical Delegation

Republic of China

• Yuan Shikai - President of the Republic of China (1916)
• Li Yuanhong - President of the Republic of China (1916 – 1917)
• Feng Guozhang - President of the Republic of China (1917 - 1918)
• Duan Qirui - Premier of the Republic of China

Notes

1. ^ At George's wedding in 1893, The Times claimed that the crowd may have confused Nicholas with George, because their beards and dress made them look alike superficially (The Times (London) Friday, 7 July 1893, p.5). Their facial features were only different up close.
2. ^ Robert D. Warth, Nicholas II, The Life and Reign of Russia's Last Monarch, 20
3. ^ Hart 2013, pp. 299–300
4. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1922). "Nicholas (Nikolai Nikolayevich), Russian Grand Duke" . Encyclopædia Britannica (12th ed.). London & New York: The Encyclopædia Britannica Company.
5. ^ Who's Who: Alexander Samsonov Biography
6. ^ Who's Who: Paul von Rennenkampf
7. ^ First World War.com — Who's Who — Nikolai Ivanov
8. ^ Brusiloff, Hero of the Hour in Russia, Described Intimately by One Who Knows Him Well Charles Johnston, New York Times, 18 June 1916, accessed 8 February 2010
9. ^ J. F. V. Keiger, Raymond Poincaré (Cambridge University Press, 2002) p126
10. ^ First World War – Willmott, H. P., Dorling Kindersley, 2003, Page 52
11. ^ "Foch's Biography on the Immortals page of the Académie française" (in French). Archived from the original on 2012-02-11. Retrieved 2012-12-24.
12. ISBN 1-84176-738-7
13. ISBN 978-0-316-86127-4
14. ^ Dragoljub R. Živojinovic, Kralj Petar I Karadordevic (King Peter I Karadordevic), vol. I-III, Belgrade, BIGZ 1988–1992.
15. ^ Carlo Bronne. Albert 1er: le roi sans terre.
16. ^ King Vittorio Emanuele III
17. ^ "Woodrow Wilson". Archived from the original on 22 January 2009. Retrieved 24 December 2012.
18. ^ Hatfield, Mark O. (1997). "Thomas R. Marshall, 28th Vice President (1913–1921)". Senate Historical Office. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
19. ^ "Library of Congress link: Washington held the title of "General and Commander in Chief" of the Continental Army". Library of Congress.
20. ISBN 0-06-093130-2

References

• Hart, Peter (2013). The Great War. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  ISBN 9780199976270
  .