Alsace independence movement

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Alsace autonomist movement
Mouvement autonomiste alsacien
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Rot un Wiss, traditional flag of Alsace
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Coat of arms of Alsace, representing Haut-Rhin and Bas-Rhin.

The Alsace independence movement (

political regionalist movement for greater autonomy or outright independence of Alsace
.

Purposes generally include opposition to centralist territorial, political and legal pretensions of either

Alsatian language. A slogan
that has sometimes occurred in protests in the 21st century is "Elsass frei" ("Alsace free").

Several mass

Alsace d'abord and Unser Land
.

The movement of greater autonomy of Alsace runs partly parallel to that of Alemannic separatism, originating in the Napoleonic era (c. 1805–1815) and briefly revived both after World War I (1919) and after World War II (1946–1952).

History

Present location of Alsace within France.
Alsatian language as an Upper Rhine German or Alemannic
dialect in the 19th and 20th century.

Background

Due to expansionist doctrines of

European history
.

Over the centuries, many figures and organisations have contributed to the cause of rejected either or both of these pretentions, promoting varying degrees of autonomy or even independence, both in public and in form of political participation.

Various autonomist and separatist movements in Alsace have received support from over the political spectrum, including left, centre and right, comprising diverse political ideologies.

19th century

World War II

The establishment of

Alsace-Lorraine during the World War II, introduced a new situation for many Alsatians, including hardships for many, such as the malgré-nous. However, some advocates of autonomy for Alsace saw the new regime as a chance to reenacted rights for the culture and autonomy of the Alsatians formerly under French government. While few were actually attracted to the antisemitism or authoritarianism
of the regime, a number of Alsatian autonomists were subsequently accused of collaboration with Nazi officials after the war, some of which were trialed, prisoned, and even executed.

After war, also related groups fr:Nanziger and fr:Loups Noirs remain notable.

However, other Alsatian were staunch opponents of the Nazi occupation, such as the artist Jean-Jacques Waltz.

After reattachment to France

Protests against the new French region of Grand Est.
Protests.
Protests against Grand Est.

In contemporary Alsace,

Alsace d'abord
is another, smaller organisation.

Political parties

Organisations

Other

Loss of regional status

Despite many protests, the new French region of Grand Est was introduced with ratification on 1 January 2016.

Gallery

See also

Main article: Alsace

History

Politics

Main article: Politics of France

Footnotes

References

  • Heiko Haumann: „Schwäbisch-alemannische Demokratie“ gegen „Staufisch-schwäbischen Imperialismus“? Politische Konzeptionen in Baden und Württemberg 1945–1952. In Allmende. Zeitschrift für Literatur. Bd. 8, Nr. 20, Karlsruhe 1988, 36–52, ISSN 0720-3098.
  • Manfred Joss: Schwäbisch-Alemannische Demokratie. Vision und Scheitern eines Separatstaats im deutschen Südwesten nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg. Lizentiatsarbeit, Historisches Institut, Universität Bern 2005.
  • Jürgen Klöckler: „Das Land der Alemannen …“. Pläne für einen Heimatstaat im Bodenseeraum nach 1945. UVK Verlagsgesellschaft, Konstanz 1999,
    ISBN 3-89669-906-7
    .
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