Alte Pinakothek
Established | 1836 |
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Location | Kunstareal, Munich, Germany |
Coordinates | 48°08′54″N 11°34′12″E / 48.14833°N 11.57000°E |
Type | Art museum |
Accreditation | Bavarian State Painting Collections |
Collections | Old Masters |
Public transit access |
|
Website | www |
The Alte Pinakothek (German: [ˈʔaltə pinakoˈteːk], Old Pinakothek) is an art museum located in the Kunstareal area in Munich, Germany.[1] It is one of the oldest galleries in the world and houses a significant collection of Old Master paintings. The name Alte (Old) Pinakothek refers to the time period covered by the collection—from the fourteenth to the eighteenth century.[2] The Neue Pinakothek, re-built in 1981, covers nineteenth-century art, and Pinakothek der Moderne, opened in 2002, exhibits modern art. All three galleries are part of the Bavarian State Painting Collections, an organization of the Free state of Bavaria.[3]
The building
King
The museum building was severely damaged by bombing in World War II but was reconstructed and reopened to the public on 7 June 1957, with President Theodor Heuss attending.[5] Director Ernst Buckner oversaw the rebuilding project, ensuring that the building remained true to its original architecture. The ornate, pre-war interior, including the large loggia facing the south façade in the upper floor, was not restored. A new wall covering was created in 2008 for the rooms on the upper floor of the Alte Pinakothek with a woven and dyed silk from Lyon. The new color scheme of green and red draws on the design of the rooms dating back to the time of construction of the Alte Pinakothek, and was predominant until the 20th century. Already for King Ludwig I and his architect Leo von Klenze, the use of a wall covering alternately in red and green represented the continuation of a tradition that dates back to the exhibition of the old masters of the late 16th century in many of the major art galleries of Europe (Florence, London, Madrid, St. Petersburg, Paris, Vienna).
History
The Wittelsbach collection was begun by Duke
Also Max Emanuel's cousin
After the reunion of
With the
After the times of King Ludwig I the acquisitions almost ended. Only from 1875 the directors Franz von Reber and Hugo von Tschudi secured important new acquisitions, such as the Madonna of the Carnation of Leonardo da Vinci and The Disrobing of Christ of El Greco.
The predilection of the Wittelsbach rulers for some painters made the collection quite strong in those areas but neglected others. Since the 1960s the Pinakothek has filled some of these gaps: for example, a deficit of 18th-century paintings was addressed by the integration into the collection of works loaned from two Bavarian banks. Among these paintings were Nicolas Lancret's The Bird Cage and François Boucher's Madame Pompadour.
In April 1988, the serial
On 5 August 2014, the museum rejected a request by a descendant of the banker Carl Hagen for the repatriation of Jacob Ochtervelt's Das Zitronenscheibchen (The Lemon Slice) on the grounds that it had been unlawfully acquired as a result of Nazi persecution. An investigation by the museum established that it had been lawfully purchased at the time for a fair price and that the Hagen family's interest extended only to a security on the painting.[12]
Collection
The museum is under the supervision of the Bavarian State Painting Collections which also owns an expanded collection of several thousand European paintings from the 13th to 18th centuries. Especially its collection of Early Italian, Old German, Old Dutch and Flemish paintings is one of the most important in the world.
More than 800 of these paintings are exhibited at the Old Pinakothek. Due to limited space in the building, some associated galleries throughout Bavaria such as the baroque galleries in Schleissheim Palace and Neuburg Palace additionally have works by the Old Masters on display. From 2014 through 2017, wings of the museum were sequentially closed for renovation, and the artworks in closed sections were unavailable for viewing.[13]
- German paintings 14th–17th century:
- The Alte Pinakothek comes with the most comprehensive collection of German Old Masters worldwide. Among many others, the Pinakothek shows works of The Battle of Issus), Cranach (Lamentation Beneath the Cross), Holbein (St. Sebastian Altar; Central panel: Martyrdom of St. Sebastian), Matthias Grünewald (SS. Erasmus und Maurice), Hans von Aachen (The Triumph of Truth), Adam Elsheimer (The Flight into Egypt), and Johann Liss(Death of Cleopatra).
- Early Netherlandish paintings 15th–16th century:
- One of the most impressive collections worldwide especially for Fragment from the Last Judgment), Hans Memling (The Seven Joys of the Virgin), and Jan Gossaert, aka. Mabuse (Danae).
- Dutch paintings 17th–18th century:
- Due to the passion of the Wittelsbach rulers this section contains numerous exquisite paintings. Among the masters are Gerard Terborch (The Flea-Catcher (Boy with His Dog)), Jacob van Ruisdael(Torrent with Oak Trees) and many others.
- Flemish paintings 16th–18th century:
- The collection contains masterpieces of painters like van Dyck (Deposition, Self-Portrait, Susanna and the Elders), Jacob Jordaens (Satyr with Peasants) and Adriaen Brouwer(Village Barbar's Shop).
- The Rubens Collection with 72 paintings the largest permanent one worldwide.
- Italian paintings 13th–18th century:
- The Italian Madonna Tempi), Leonardo da Vinci (Madonna of the Carnation), Antonello da Messina (Annunciata), Titian (Vanity, Charles V), Tintoretto (Christ in the House of Mary and Martha), Paolo Veronese (Amor with two dogs), Guido Reni (The Assumption of the Virgin), Luca Giordano (A Cynical Philosopher), Tiepolo (The Adoration of the Kings), Francesco Guardi (Regatta on the Canale della Guidecca), Canaletto(Piazetta in Venice) and others.
- French paintings 16th–18th century:
- In spite of the close relationship of the Claude Joseph Vernet (Eastern Harbour at Dawn) and Jean-Honoré Fragonard(Girl with Dog).
- Spanish paintings, 16th–18th century:
- Though this is the smallest section, all major masters are represented, such as Velázquez (Young Spanish Gentleman), Jusepe de Ribera (Saint Bartholomew), Francisco de Zurbarán (The Entombment of St. Catharine of Alexandria on Mount Sinai, St. Francis in Ecstasy), and Murillo (Beggar Boys Eating Grapes and Melon). The paintings of Francisco de Goya were moved into the New Pinakothek.
Gallery
-
Giotto di Bondone, Christ on the Cross Between Mary and John, c. 1300
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Anthony van Dyck, Self Portrait, c. 1621
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Titian, Vanity, c. 1516
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Albrecht Dürer, Self-portrait, 1500
-
Madonna Tempi, 1508
-
The Battle of Issus, 1529
-
Juan Pantoja de la Cruz, Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia, 1599
-
Rubens and Isabella Brant in the Honeysuckle Bower, 1609
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Rembrandt van Rijn, The Sacrifice of Isaac, 1636
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Gerard ter Borch, The Flea-Catcher
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Murillo, Beggar Boys Eating Grapes and Melon, c. 1645–1655
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Jean-Honoré Fragonard, Girl with Dog or La Gimblette, 1770–1775
References
- ^ "Alte Pinakothek". pinakothek.de. Archived from the original on 18 August 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
- ^ a b "Alte Pinakothek | DIE PINAKOTHEKEN". www.pinakothek.de. Retrieved 2018-05-13.
- ^ "History | DIE PINAKOTHEKEN". www.pinakothek.de. Retrieved 2018-05-13.
- ^ a b muenchen.de. "Alte Pinakothek". muenchen.de (in German). Retrieved 2018-05-13.
- JSTOR 872096.
- ^ "Natural History and History Painting in Rubens' Animals". Max Planck Institute. Archived from the original on 2016-11-19. Retrieved 2016-11-19.
- ^ "ALTE PINAKOTHEK REVIEW". Fodor's. Retrieved 19 July 2014.
- ^ Alte Pinakothek, pp. 24–29
- ^ Wood, p. 22
- ISBN 0-8153-2114-7.
- ^ "pinakothek.de – Förderer und Partner". Pinakothek.de. Archived from the original on 6 October 2008. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
- ^ "Alte Pinakothek rejects restitution claim for 'Das Zitronenscheibchen' by Jacob Ochtervelt". codart.nl. 5 August 2014.
- ^ "Pinakothek.de – Renovation to Improve Energy Efficiency 2014–2017". Archived from the original on 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2014-02-17.
Sources
- Alte Pinakothek. Summary Catalogue. Edition Lipp, 1986. ISBN 3-87490-701-5.
- Wood, Christopher S. (1993). Albrecht Altdorfer and the Origins of Landscape. Reaktion Books. ISBN 0-948462-46-9.
External links
- Official website (in German, English, French, Italian, Spanish, Russian, Chinese, and Japanese)
- Panorama Alte Pinakothek
- Virtual tour of the Alte Pinakothek provided by Google Arts & Culture
- Media related to Alte Pinakothek at Wikimedia Commons