Aluminium iodide
Names | |
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Preferred IUPAC name
Aluminium iodide | |
Other names
Aluminium(III) iodide
Aluminum iodide | |
Identifiers | |
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3D model (
JSmol ) |
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ChemSpider |
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ECHA InfoCard
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100.029.140 |
EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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UNII |
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UN number | UN 3260 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |
AlI3, AlI3·6H2O (hexahydrate) | |
Molar mass | 407.695 g/mol (anhydrous) 515.786 g/mol (hexahydrate)[1] |
Appearance | white (anhydrous) or yellow powder (hexahydrate)[1] |
Density | 3.98 g/cm3 (anhydrous)[1] 2.63 g/cm3 (hexahydrate)[2] |
Melting point | 188.28 °C (370.90 °F; 461.43 K) (anhydrous) 185 °C, decomposes (hexahydrate)[1][2] |
Boiling point | 382 °C (720 °F; 655 K) anhydrous, sublimes[1] |
very soluble, partial hydrolysis | |
Solubility in alcohol, ether | soluble (hexahydrate) |
Structure[3] | |
Monoclinic, mP16
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P21/c, No. 14 | |
a = 1.1958 nm, b = 0.6128 nm, c = 1.8307 nm α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°
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Formula units (Z)
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8 |
Thermochemistry[1] | |
Heat capacity (C)
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98.7 J/(mol·K) |
Std molar
entropy (S⦵298) |
195.9 J/(mol·K) |
Std enthalpy of (ΔfH⦵298)formation |
-302.9 kJ/mol |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Aluminium iodide is a
aluminum hydroxide with hydrogen iodide or hydroiodic acid. Like the related chloride and bromide, AlI
3 is a strong Lewis acid and will absorb water from the atmosphere. It is employed as a reagent for the scission of certain kinds of C-O and N-O bonds. It cleaves aryl ethers and deoxygenates epoxides.[5]
3 is a strong Lewis acid and will absorb water from the atmosphere. It is employed as a reagent for the scission of certain kinds of C-O and N-O bonds. It cleaves aryl ethers and deoxygenates epoxides.[5]
Structure
Solid AlI
3 is dimeric, consisting of Al
2I
6, similar to that of
AlBr
3.[3] The structure of monomeric and dimeric forms have been characterized in the gas phase.[6] The monomer, AlI
3, is trigonal planar with a bond length of 2.448(6) Å, and the bridged dimer, Al
2I
6, at 430 K is a similar to Al
2Cl
6 and Al
2Br
6
with Al−I bond lengths of 2.456(6) Å (terminal) and 2.670(8) Å (bridging). The dimer is described as floppy with an equilibrium geometry of D2h.
3.[3] The structure of monomeric and dimeric forms have been characterized in the gas phase.[6] The monomer, AlI
3, is trigonal planar with a bond length of 2.448(6) Å, and the bridged dimer, Al
2I
6, at 430 K is a similar to Al
2Cl
6 and Al
2Br
6
Aluminium(I) iodide
The name "aluminium iodide" is widely assumed to describe the triiodide or its dimer. In fact, a monoiodide also enjoys a role in the Al–I system, although the compound AlI is unstable at room temperature relative to the triiodide:[7]
An illustrative derivative of aluminium monoiodide is the cyclic adduct formed with triethylamine, Al
4I
4(NEt
3)
4.
References
- ^ ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-4398-1462-8.
- ^ S2CID 101603507.
- ISBN 9780470132357.
- ISBN 0471936235.
- PMID 16526661.
- .
External links
- Media related to Aluminium iodide at Wikimedia Commons