Alvin Karpis
Alvin Karpis | |
---|---|
Born | Albin Francis Karpavičius August 10, 1907 |
Died | August 26, 1979 Torremolinos, Spain | (aged 72)
Other names | Creepy Karpis |
Criminal status | Paroled (1969) |
Spouse | Dorothy Slayman (div. 1935) |
Children | 1 |
Conviction(s) | Kidnapping, robbery, burglary, murder |
Criminal penalty | Life imprisonment with the possibility of parole |
Alvin Francis Karpis (born Albin Francis Karpavičius; August 10, 1907 – August 26, 1979), was a Canadian–American criminal of
Early life
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Karpis was born to
In 1926, he was sentenced to 10 years at the State Industrial Reformatory in
The Barker family included brothers Herman, Lloyd,
Lloyd was sentenced to 25 years in 1922, for mail theft, and released in 1938; he was a
Criminal career
The Barker-Karpis Gang became one of the most formidable criminal gangs of the 1930s. They did not hesitate to kill anyone who got in their way, even innocent bystanders. On December 19, 1931, Karpis and Fred Barker killed Sheriff C. Roy Kelley, who was investigating their robbery of a store in
Karpis has been described as the leader or "brains" of the gang.[5] Gang member Fred Hunter said Karpis was "super smart" and he was reported to have a photographic memory. The other leaders were Doc and Fred, both now out of prison, and the gang included about 25 others. At this time a myth was started that Ma Barker ruled the gang with an iron fist, but the facts do not seem to support these claims. It is highly unlikely that criminals as adept as Karpis, and even Ma's sons for that matter, would have listened to her. Karpis later wrote about this subject in his memoirs:
Ma was always somebody in our lives. Love didn't enter into it really. She was somebody we looked after and took with us when we moved city to city, hideout to hideout. It is no insult to Ma's memory that she just didn't have the know-how to direct us on a robbery. It would not have occurred to her to get involved in our business, and we always made it a point of only discussing our scores when Ma wasn't around. We'd leave her at home when we were arranging a job, or we'd send her to a movie. Ma saw a lot of movies.
Harvey Bailey, another well-known bank robber of the era, knew the Barker gang well, and in his autobiography published in the 1970s, he agreed with Karpis, observing that Ma Barker "couldn't plan breakfast", and was certainly no mastermind behind any gang activity.[6] It is purported that Ma Barker's entire reputation as a criminal mastermind was concocted by Hoover to protect the FBI's public image after federal agents discovered they had killed a 62-year-old mother.[7][8]
In 1933, on the same weekend as the
Just after Ma and Fred's death in a shootout with the FBI on January 16, 1935, Karpis nearly met his own violent end when the FBI located him in Atlantic City, New Jersey. Karpis and Harry Campbell managed to shoot their way to an escape, though Karpis' eight-month-pregnant girlfriend Dolores Delaney was hit in the thigh by a wild shot fired by Campbell. She was captured along with Campbell's girl. Dolores gave birth to a son, who was adopted by Karpis' parents. Karpis and Campbell hid out with brothel-keeper Edith Barry for several months.
Karpis continued his crimes with others, but had to keep on the move more than ever, as he was the fourth and last of the FBI's Public Enemies Number One, the previous three—John Dillinger, Pretty Boy Floyd, and Baby Face Nelson—having been killed. He did manage to pull off a crime that echoed the times of the "
Pursuit and capture by FBI
The FBI had come a long way since its reorganization and renaming in 1935 (from the Bureau of Investigation, created in 1908). J. Edgar Hoover was appointed as the acting head of the Bureau in 1924 and completely transformed the agency. Despite its successes, however, the agency had many problems. In those days, when the application of science and technology to fight crime was still in its infancy, the agency was at the mercy of public citizens for information. Often agents on bad information were sent off to remote locales on "tips" that turned out to be red herrings. The personal low point for Hoover came at an April 1936 United States Senate hearing. Senator Kenneth McKellar of Tennessee lambasted Hoover for the performance of the FBI and the fact that Hoover himself had never personally arrested anyone. After the hearing, a determined Hoover vowed he would capture Karpis personally.[10]
Hoover did not have to wait long. On May 1, 1936, the FBI located Karpis in New Orleans, and Hoover flew there to be in charge of the arrest. Shortly after 5 pm on May 2, as a dozen or so agents swarmed over Karpis' car, Hoover announced to Karpis that he was under arrest. A couple of versions of the arrest have been reported. Karpis' version, told in his memoirs, was that Hoover came out only after all the other agents had seized him. Only then did the agents call to Hoover that it was safe to approach the car. The official FBI version states that Hoover reached into the car and grabbed Karpis before he could reach a rifle in the back seat. In fact, the car, a Plymouth coupe, had no back seat. The scene was further confused when Hoover told his men to "put the [hand]cuffs on him."[11] Not one agent had brought handcuffs.[12] Karpis was tied up with an agent's necktie. The capture of Karpis catapulted Hoover into the public eye and made his name synonymous with law enforcement until he died in 1972 at the age of 77.
The capture of Karpis essentially ended the age of the big-name
Trial
Karpis was brought to trial at the St. Paul Federal Courts Building (now Landmark Center). Karpis initially pleaded not guilty. But as the case was called for trial, "Thomas J. Newman, attorney for Karpis, told the court his client, one of the actual kidnappers of Hamm, desired to plead guilty."[13] Two weeks later, Karpis offered "through his attorney, Thomas Newman, to plead guilty to the Bremer conspiracy" if kidnapping charges were dropped; the court accepted the offer.[14]
Imprisonment
Sentenced to life imprisonment, Karpis was incarcerated at the then recently constructed Alcatraz federal penitentiary from August 1936 to April 1962. For six months in 1958, he was transferred to the
This kid approaches me to request music lessons. He wants to learn guitar and become a music star. "Little Charlie" is so lazy and shiftless, I doubt if he'll put in the time required to learn. The youngster has been in institutions all of his life —first orphanages, then reformatories, and finally federal prison. His mother, a prostitute, was never around to look after him. I decide it's time someone did something for him, and to my surprise, he learns quickly. He has a pleasant voice and a pleasing personality, although he's unusually meek and mild for a convict. He never has a harsh word to say and is never involved in even an argument.
After Manson had become proficient on the guitar, he asked Karpis for help in getting a job playing in Las Vegas, as Karpis had contacts with nightclub and casino owners there. Manson told him he would be bigger than The Beatles, but Karpis decided to leave Manson on his own regarding his music career.
Later years
Karpis was released on parole in 1969 and deported to Canada, although he initially had difficulty obtaining Canadian passport credentials, having had his fingerprints removed by underworld physician Joseph Moran in 1934.[17] He settled in Montreal.
He wrote his first memoirs in 1971,[9][18] while another memoir book was published in 1980, one year after his death.[16] During his first book tour across Canada for Public Enemy Number One for McClelland & Stewart (published in the United States as The Alvin Karpis Story), Karpis, looking more like an accountant than a gangster, still showed a dry sense of humor. In Edmonton, Alberta, while shuffling Karpis between various interviews with the media, M&S book representative Ruth Bertelsen stopped at her bank. Asking Karpis if he wanted to come in with her, Karpis replied, "No, dear. You take care of the vault. I'll drive." He became a mentor to her young son until the sociopathy of some of his advice to her child angered Bertelsen.[18]
He moved to Spain in 1973. On August 26, 1979, he died by what was originally ruled suicide by the authorities, as sleeping pills were found by his body, but later it was ruled death from natural causes. Robert Livesey, who co-wrote Karpis's 1979 book, said Karpis was not the type to commit suicide. Livesey said Karpis was a survivor, having served 33 years in prison, and also stated Karpis was anticipating the publication of the book. Livesey believed Karpis had been introduced to pills and alcohol by his last girlfriend Nancy, to give a relaxing high, and perhaps Karpis accidentally over-indulged on one occasion, with fatal consequences. No autopsy was performed, and Karpis was buried the next day in Spain.[16][19]
See also
- List of Depression-era outlaws
References
- ISBN 0-8253-0019-3.
- ^ Bryan Burrough (2004). Public Enemies. New York.
- ^ FBI Barker-Karpis gang summary, p. 4
- ^ FBI Barker-Karpis gang summary, p. 6
- ^ Barker/Karpis Gang Site of the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
- ^ Burrough, p. 33.
- ISBN 0-393-02404-0.
- ^ Jones, Ken (1957). The FBI in Action. Signet.
- ^ a b Karpis, Alvin; Trent, Bill (1971). The Alvin Karpis Story. Coward, McCann & Geoghegan.
- ^ Burrough, p. 536.
- ^ Burrough, p. 540
- ^ Burrough, pg. 540
- ^ St. Paul Daily News, 14 July 1936, p. 1 col. 7.
- ^ Albert Lea (Minn.) Evening Tribune, 29 July 1936, p. 1 col. what4.
- ^ "Alcatraz: The "Worst of the Worst"—Doing Hard Time on the Rock". Parksconservancy.org. Retrieved 2012-05-01.
- ^ ISBN 978-0825300196.
- ISBN 0-8160-4489-9.
- ^ ASIN B0007B4FK8.
- ^ "Alvin Karpis: Pursuit of the Last Public Enemy — Aftermath — Crime Library". Trutv.com. Retrieved 2012-05-01.
External links
- FBI file on Alvin Karpis
- Public Enemy No. 1 Archived 2012-08-31 at the Wayback Machine
- Alvin Karpis