Taxiles

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Ambhi
Takshashila (Taxila)
Reignc. 326 BC – c. 316 BC [citation needed]
BornTaxila, Punjab

Taxiles or Taxilas (

Ancient Greek: Tαξίλης, Taxílēs or Ταξίλας, Taxílas lived 4th century BC) was the Greek chroniclers' name for the ruler who reigned over the tract between the Indus and the Jhelum (Hydaspes) Rivers in the Punjab region at the time of Alexander the Great's expedition. His real name was Ambhi[1] (Greek: Omphis), and the Greeks appear to have called him Taxiles or Taxilas, after the name of his capital city of Taxila, near the modern city of Attock, Pakistan.[2][3]

Life

Ambhi ascended to throne of

Porus, who held the territories east of the Hydaspes.[5][6] It was probably with a view to strengthening himself against this foe that he sent an embassy to Alexander, while the latter was still in Sogdiana, with offers of assistance and support, perhaps in return for money.[5]

Porus
and king Ambhi, a 20th century artist's imagination.

Alexander was cautious by the sight of Ambhi's forces on his first descent into India in 327 BC and ordered his own forces to form up.[7] Ambhi hastened to relieve Alexander of his apprehension and met him with valuable presents, placing himself and all his forces at his disposal.[7] Alexander not only returned Ambhi his title and the gifts but he also presented him with a wardrobe of "Persian robes, gold and silver ornaments, 30 horses and 1000 talents in gold".[7][8][9] Alexander was emboldened to divide his forces, and Ambhi assisted Hephaestion and Perdiccas in constructing a bridge over the Indus where it bends at Hund (Fox 1973), supplied their troops with provisions, and received Alexander himself, and his whole army, in his capital city of Taxila, with every demonstration of friendship and the most liberal hospitality.[10][11][2][12]

On the subsequent advance of the

Macedonian king, Taxiles accompanied him with a force of 5000 men and took part in the Battle of the Hydaspes
.

Later Eudemus took over Taxila briefly, after which Chandragupta Maurya conquered Alexander's satraps in the sub-continent by 317 BC.

See also

References

  1. ISBN 978-0-415-96855-3
    .
  2. ^ a b Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca, xvii. 86
  3. ^ Curtius Rufus, Historiae Alexandri Magni, viii. 12
  4. ^ a b Sastri 1988, p. 55.
  5. ^ a b Sastri 1988, p. 46.
  6. ISBN 978-0-19-522243-2
  7. ^ a b c Sastri 1988, p. 56.
  8. ^ Sastri 1988, p. 36.
  9. ^ Quintus Curtius Rufus, [1]
  10. Anabasis Alexandri, iv. 12, v. 3, 8
  11. ^ Curtius, viii. 14, ix. 3
  12. ^ Plutarch, Parallel Lives, "Alexander", 59, 65

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William (1870). "Taxiles". In Smith, William (ed.). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology.

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