Ameny Qemau
| Ameny Qemau | |
|---|---|
| Ameny Kemau, Aminikimau, Kemau, Ameny-Amu,[1] Emnikamaw[2] | |
![Drawing of a plaque bearing Qemau's name, now in a private collection[3]](/File:Plaque_Qemaw_by_Khruner.jpg) Drawing of a plaque bearing Qemau's name, now in a private collection[3] | |
| Pharaoh | |
| Reign | 1793 BC – 1791 BC[4] |
| Predecessor | Sekhemkare Amenemhat V |
| Successor | Hotepibre Qemau Siharnedjheritef |
| Consort | possibly Nofret |
| Children | princess Hatshepsut; possibly Hotepibre Qemau Siharnedjheritef (filiation) |
| Father | Amenemhat, possibly Amenemhat V |
| Burial | Pyramid of Ameny Qemau (50x50x35m) in south Dahshur |
| Dynasty | 13th Dynasty |
Ameny Qemau was an Egyptian pharaoh of the early 13th Dynasty in the late Middle Kingdom.
Family
The Egyptologist Kim Ryholt notes that Ameny Qemau's name is essentially a filiative nomen, that is, a name specifying the filiation of its holder. Indeed, Ameny Qemau could be read as "Ameny['s son] Qemau". Ryholt concludes that the Ameny in question was Qemau's predecessor Sekhemkare Amenemhat V and that Qemau was his son.[4] This opinion is shared by Egyptologist Darrell Baker but not by Jürgen von Beckerath, who left Ameny Qemau's position within the 13th Dynasty undetermined in his handbook of Egyptian pharaohs.[1][5] The successor of Ameny Qemau, Qemau Siharnedjheritef may have been his son as "Qemau Siharnedjheritef" may be read "The son of Qemau, Horus protects his father".
Attestations
Ameny Qemau is a poorly attested king, his name does not appear on the Turin canon.
Dahshur, Pyramid of Ameny Qemau
At Dahshur South, the Pyramid of Ameny Qemau contained fragments of four inscribed canopic jars inscribed with his name.
Plaquette
Of Unknown Provenence, a plaquette bears his name[3] but may be a modern forgery.[1]
Dahshur, Pyramid of Hatshepsut
His name was also associated with a pyramid for king's daughter,
Burial
At Dahshur South, the Pyramid of Ameny Qemau was discovered in 1957 by Charles Musès and investigated in 1968. It originally measured 50 square meters at its base and stood 35 meters high but is now completely ruined due to stone robbing. The substructures have also been extensively damaged. The burial chamber of the king was made of a single large block of quartzite, similar to those found in the pyramid of Amenemhat III at Hawara and the Mazghuna pyramids.[1][8][9] The block was hewn to receive the sarcophagus and canopic jars of the king but only fragments of these and unidentified bones were found onsite.[10]
Theories
Ameny Qemau's identity is uncertain and attempts have been made to identify him with better attested kings of the period, in particular with Sehotepibre, who appears on the Turin canon after Amenemhat V.
See also
References
- ^ ISBN 978-1-905299-37-9, 2008, p. 304
- ^ El-Aref, Nevine (11 May 2017). "Egypt 'uncovers burial chamber of pharaoh's daughter'". BBC News. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
- ^ JSTOR 3855469.
- ^ a b c d K.S.B. Ryholt: The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period, c.1800-1550 BC, Carsten Niebuhr Institute Publications, vol. 20. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, 1997
- ^ Jürgen von Beckerath: Hanbuch der agyptische Konigsnamen, Muncher. Agyptologische Studien 49, Mainz, (1999), p. 102-103
- ^ a b Jarus, Owen (4 April 2017). "2nd Pyramid Bearing Pharaoh Ameny Qemau's Name Is Found". Live Science. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
- ^ Martinez, Alanna (12 May 2017). "3,700-Year-Old Egyptian Pyramid Was Probably Built for a Princess". The New York Observer. New York Observer, LP.
- ISBN 1-84354-171-8
- ISBN 0-500-05084-8.
- ^ Nabil M. Swelim, Aidan Dodson: On the Pyramid of Ameny-Qemau and its Canopic Equipment, In: Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo 54 (1998), p. 319 - 334
- ^ Jürgen von Beckerath: Untersuchungen zur politischen Geschichte der zweiten Zwischenzeit in Ägypten. Glückstadt/ New York 1964, p. 41-42, 233, XIII. B