Ammoniacum
Ammoniacum or the gum ammoniac is a gum-resin exuded from the several perennial herbs in the genus Ferula of the umbel family (Apiaceae). There are three types of ammoniacum: the gums ammoniac of Cyrenaica, of Persia (the commercial one today), and of Morocco.
Ammoniac of Cyrenaica
Ammoniacum was first documented in the 1st century by
Ammoniac of Persia
The gum ammoniac of
The plant grows to the height of 2½ or 3 meters (8 or 9 ft.) and its whole stem is pervaded with a milky juice, which oozes out on an incision being made at any part. This juice quickly hardens into round tears, forming the "tear ammoniacum" of commerce. "Lump ammoniacum", the other form of the substance, consists of aggregations of tears, frequently incorporating fragments of the plant itself, as well as other foreign bodies.
Ammoniacum has a faintly fetid,
Ammoniacum is closely related to asafoetida and galbanum (from which, however, it differs in yielding no umbelliferone) both in regard to the plant which yields it and its putative effects.[5]
Ammoniac of Morocco
The gum ammoniac of Morocco first received attention in Europe in 1809 when
See also
References
- ^ ISSN 0366-4457.
- ^ Von Linné, Carl (1787). Materia medica (5th ed.). Leipzig: Wolfgang Walther. p. 283.
- ^ Valentini, Michael Bernhard (1716). Historia simplicium reformata: sub Musei Museorum titulo antehac in vernacula edita. Frankfurt: Officina Zunneriana Apud Johannem Adamum Jungium. p. 279.
- ^ "Ferula ammoniacum (D.Don) Spalik, M.Panahi, Piwczynski & Puchalka". Plants of the World Online. Kew Science. Retrieved 2021-05-17.
- ^ a b public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Ammoniacum". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 863. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
- ^ Jackson, James Grey (1809). An Account of the Empire of Marocco, and the District of Suse. London: W. Bulmer and Co. p. 83.
- ^ "Ferula communis subsp. brevifolia (Link ex Schult.) Elalaoui ex Dobignard". Plants of the World Online. Kew Science. Retrieved 2021-05-17.