Amyris
| Amyris | |
|---|---|
| |
| Sea torchwood (A. elemifera) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Rutaceae |
| Subfamily: | Amyridoideae |
| Genus: | Amyris P.Browne |
| Type species | |
| Amyris balsamifera | |
| Species | |
|
See text. | |
Amyris is a genus of flowering plants in the citrus family, Rutaceae.[2] The generic name is derived from the Greek word αμυρων (amyron), which means "intensely scented" and refers to the strong odor of the resin.[3] Members of the genus are commonly known as torchwoods[4] because of their highly flammable wood.[5]
Species
As of September 2021[update], Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:[6]
- Amyris abeggii Ekman ex Urb.
- Amyris amazonica Cornejo & Kallunki
- Amyris apiculata Urb. & Ekman
- Amyris attenuata Standl.
- Amyris balsamifera L. – balsam torchwood
- Amyris barbata Lundell
- Amyris brachybotrys Turcz.
- Amyris brenesii Standl.
- Amyris carterae Rebman & F.Chiang
- Amyris centinelensis Cornejo
- Amyris chiapensis Lundell
- Amyris conzattii Standl.
- Amyris cordata I.M.Johnst.
- Amyris crebrinervis Gereau
- Amyris cubensis (Borhidi & Acuña) Beurton
- Amyris diatrypa Spreng. – hairy torchwood
- Amyris elemifera L. – sea torchwood
- Amyris filipes Lundell
- Amyris granulata Urb.
- Amyris guatemalensis Lundell
- Amyris guianensis Aubl.
- Amyris humboldtii Krug & Urb.
- Amyris ignea Steyerm.
- Amyris intermedia Urb. & Ekman
- Amyris jorgemeavei Hern.-Barón, Espejo, Pérez-García, Cerros & López-Ferr.
- Amyris karlitae W.Palacios
- Amyris lineata C.Wright ex Griseb.
- Amyris lurida Lundell
- Amyris macrocarpa Gereau
- Amyris madrensis S.Watson – mountain torchwood
- Amyris magnifolia Gómez-Laur. & Q.Jiménez
- Amyris marshii Standl.
- Amyris metopioides Zanoni & M.M.Mejía
- Amyris mexicana Lundell
- Amyris monophylla Brandegee
- Amyris multijuga Turcz.
- Amyris oblanceolata A.Pool
- Amyris pernambucensis Arruda
- Amyris phlebotaenioides Urb. & Ekman
- Amyris pinnata Kunth
- Amyris plumieri DC.
- Amyris polymorpha Urb.
- Amyris polyneura Urb.
- Amyris pungens Urb.
- Amyris purpusii P.Wilson
- Amyris rekoi S.F.Blake
- Amyris rhomboidea Standl.
- Amyris robinsonii DC.
- Amyris roseomaculata Hern.-Barón, Cerros, M.González, Espejo & López-Ferr.
- Amyris sandemanii Sandwith
- Amyris staminosa Lundell
- Amyris stromatophylla P.Wilson
- Amyris terebinthifolia Ten.
- Amyris texana (Buckley) P.Wilson – Texas torchwood, chapotillo
- Amyris thyrsiflora Turcz.
- Amyris trimera Krug & Urb.
- Amyris vestita Lundell
Formerly placed here
- Atalantia simplicifolia (Roxb.) Engl. (as A. simplicifolia Roxb.)
- Boswellia papyrifera (Delile ex Caill.) Hochst. (as A. papyrifera Delile ex Caill.)
- Bursera excelsa (as A. elegans)
- Canarium zeylanicum (Retz.) Blume (as A. zeylanica Retz.)
- Clausena anisata (Willd.) Hook.f. (as A. anisata Willd. or A. dentata Willd.)
- Clausena heptaphylla (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn. ex Steud. (as A. heptaphylla Roxb. ex DC.)
- Commiphora gileadensis (L.) C.Chr. (as A. gileadensis L. or A. opobalsamum L.)
- Commiphora kataf (Forssk.) Engl. (as A. kataf Forssk.)
- Metopium toxiferum (L.) Krug & Urb. (as A. toxifera L.)
- Schinus polygama (Cav.) Cabrera (as A. polygama Cav.)[7]
Uses
The
cadinene, and cadinol are extracted from A. balsamifera and A. elemifera. These are used in varnishes, perfumes, medicines, cosmetics, soaps, and incense.[5]
Chemical compounds known as chromenylated amides isolated from Amyris plumieri have shown some inhibition of the cytochrome P450 enzymes.[9]
References
Wikispecies has information related to Amyris.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Amyris.
- ^ "Amyris P. Browne". TROPICOS. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 2009-12-28.
- ^ "Genus: Amyris P. Browne". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2008-03-21. Archived from the original on 2010-05-28. Retrieved 2009-11-30.
- ISBN 978-0-8493-2675-2.
- ^ "Amyris". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2010-02-22.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-8493-2332-4.
- ^ "Amyris P.Browne". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2021-09-15.
- ^ "GRIN Species Records of Amyris". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2000-11-02. Retrieved 2010-09-16.
- ISBN 978-0-88192-574-6.
- PMID 20951188.
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