Orange County, California
Orange County | |
---|---|
Clockwise from top: aerial view of the coast of San Clemente Pier; and Sleeping Beauty Castle in Disneyland | |
Anaheim (population) Irvine (area) | |
Government | |
• Type | Council–CEO |
• Body | |
• Pacific Daylight Time) | |
Area codes | 562, 657/714, 949 |
Congressional districts | 38th, 40th, 45th, 46th, 47th, 49th |
Website | ocgov |
Orange County (officially the County of Orange; often known by its initials O.C.) is a county located in the
Orange County is included in the
The county is a tourist center, with attractions like
History
Indigenous
Archeological evidence shows the area to have been inhabited beginning about 9,500 years ago.
The mother village of the
Spanish mission period
The Nieto heirs were granted land in 1834. The Nieto ranches were known as Rancho Los Alamitos, Rancho Las Bolsas, and Rancho Los Coyotes. Yorba heirs Bernardo Yorba and Teodosio Yorba were also granted Rancho Cañón de Santa Ana (Santa Ana Canyon Ranch) and Rancho Lomas de Santiago, respectively. Other ranchos in Orange County were granted by the Mexican government during the Mexican period in Alta California.[23]
19th century
A severe drought in the 1860s devastated the prevailing industry,
County establishment
After several failed attempts in previous sessions, the
On July 17, 1889, a second referendum was held south of the Coyote Creek to determine if the county seat of the new county would be Anaheim or Santa Ana, along with an election for every county officer. Santa Ana defeated Anaheim in the referendum. With the referendum having passed, the County of Orange was officially incorporated on August 1, 1889.[31] Since the incorporation of the county, the only geographical changes made to the boundary was when the County and Los Angeles County traded some parcels of land around Coyote Creek to conform to city blocks.[when?]
The county is said to have been named for the
20th century
Other citrus crops,
In the 1910s, agriculture in Orange County was largely centered on grains, hay, and potatoes by small farmers, accounting for 60% of the county's exports. The Segerstroms and Irvines once produced so many lima beans that the county was called "Beanville".[33] By 1920, fruit and nut exports exploded, which led to the increase of industrialized farming and the decline of family farms. For example, by 1917, William Chapman came to own 350,000 acres in northeastern Orange County from the Valencia orange.[34] Around the 1910s and 1920s, most of the barrios of Orange County, such as in Santa Ana, further developed as company towns of Mexican laborers, who worked in the industrial orange groves.[35] Poor working conditions resulted in the Citrus Strike of 1936, in which more than half of the orange industry's workforce, largely Mexican, demanded better working conditions. The strike was heavily repressed, with forced evictions and state-sanctioned violence being used as tactics of suppression.[36] Carey McWilliams referred to the suppression as "the toughest violation of civil rights in the nation."[30]
The Los Angeles flood of 1938 devastated some areas of Orange County, with most of the effects being in Santa Ana and Anaheim, which were flooded with six feet of water. As an eight-foot-high rush of water further spilled out of the Santa Ana Canyon, forty-three people were killed in the predominately Mexican communities of Atwood and La Jolla in Placentia.[37] The devastation from this event, as well as from the 1939 California tropical storm, meant that Orange County was in need of new infrastructure, which was supported by the New Deal. This included the construction of numerous schools, city halls, post offices, parks, libraries, and fire stations, as well as the improvement of road infrastructure throughout Orange County.[38]
In the 1950s, agriculture, such as that involving the
In 1969,
In the late 1970s, Vietnamese and Latino immigrants began to populate central Orange County.[43]
In the 1980s, Orange County had become the second most populous county in California as the population topped two million for the first time.
In the 1990s, red foxes became common in Orange County as a non-native mesopredator, with increasing urban development pushing out coyote and mountain lion populations to the county's shrinking natural areas.[44][45]
In 1994, an investment fund meltdown led to the criminal prosecution of treasurer Robert Citron. The county lost at least $1.5 billion through high-risk investments in bonds. The loss was blamed on derivatives by some media reports.[46] On December 6, 1994, the County of Orange declared Chapter 9 bankruptcy,[46] from which it emerged on June 12, 1996.[47] The Orange County bankruptcy was at the time the largest municipal bankruptcy in U.S. history.[46]
Land use conflicts arose between established areas in the north and less developed areas in the south. These conflicts were over issues such as construction of new toll roads and the repurposing of a decommissioned air base.
21st century
In the 21st century, the social landscape of Orange County has continued to change. The opioid epidemic saw a rise in Orange County, with unintentional overdoses becoming the third highest contributor of deaths by 2014. As in other areas, the deaths disproportionately occurred in the homeless population. However, deaths were widespread among affluent and poorer areas in Orange County, with the highest at-risk group being Caucasian males between the ages of 45–55. A 2018 study found that supply reduction was not sufficient to preventing deaths.[49]
In 2008, a report issued by the
Following the 2016 presidential election, Santa Ana become a sanctuary city for the protection of those immigrants who worked around the legally established process of becoming a legal resident in Orange and other California counties. This created an intense debate in Orange County surrounding politics toward unlawful immigration, with many cities opposing pro-immigration policies.[51]
The COVID-19 pandemic in Orange County disproportionately affected lower income and Latino residents.[52]
Implementation of
In the 2010s, campaigns to conserve remaining natural areas gained awareness.
Geography
Orange County is bordered on the southwest by the
The northwestern part of the county lies on the coastal plain of the Los Angeles Basin, while the southeastern end rises into the foothills of the Santa Ana Mountains. Most of Orange County's population reside in one of two shallow coastal valleys that lie in the basin, the Santa Ana Valley and the Saddleback Valley. The Santa Ana Mountains lie within the eastern boundaries of the county and of the Cleveland National Forest. The high point is Santiago Peak (5,689 ft (1,734 m)[59]), about 20 mi (32 km) east of Santa Ana. Santiago Peak and nearby Modjeska Peak, just 200 ft (60 m) shorter, form a ridge known as Saddleback, visible from almost everywhere in the county. The Peralta Hills extend westward from the Santa Ana Mountains through the communities of Anaheim Hills, Orange, and ending in Olive. The Loma Ridge is another prominent feature, running parallel to the Santa Ana Mountains through the central part of the county, separated from the taller mountains to the east by Santiago Canyon.
The
Regions of Orange County
Orange County is sometimes divided into northern and southern regions. There are significant political, demographic, economic and cultural distinctions between North and South Orange County.
Northern Orange County, including Anaheim,
Southern Orange County is wealthier, more residential, more Republican, predominantly non-Hispanic white, and more recently developed. Irvine, the largest city in the region, is an exception to some of these trends, being not only a major employment center, but also a major tech hub and education center with UCI. Furthermore, the city is an Asian plurality (both South and East Asian), and votes reliably Democratic in recent years. Southern Orange County almost always includes Irvine,
Another region of Orange County is the
Commercial districts and edge cities
Older cities in North Orange County like Santa Ana, Anaheim, Orange and Fullerton have traditional downtowns dating to the late 19th century, with Downtown Santa Ana being the home of the county, state and federal institutions. However, far more commercial activity is concentrated in clusters of newer commercial development located further south in the county's edge cities. The three largest edge cities, from north to south, are:
- Anaheim–Santa Ana, running along Interstate 5 between Disneylandand Downtown Santa Ana,
- The Irvine Business Complex; and
- Irvine Spectrum in eastern Irvine, at the interchange where I-5 and I-405 meet.
Anaheim—Santa Ana edge city
A contiguous strip of commercial development (an
, and in fact stretching between the original downtowns of those four cities.Entertainment and cultural facilities include
Retail complexes include
Major hotels line
In addition to suburban-style apartment complexes, Anaheim's
National protected areas
Climate
|
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1890 | 13,589 | — | |
1900 | 19,696 | 44.9% | |
1910 | 34,436 | 74.8% | |
1920 | 61,375 | 78.2% | |
1930 | 118,674 | 93.4% | |
1940 | 130,760 | 10.2% | |
1950 | 216,224 | 65.4% | |
1960 | 703,925 | 225.6% | |
1970 | 1,420,386 | 101.8% | |
1980 | 1,932,709 | 36.1% | |
1990 | 2,410,556 | [74] | 24.7% |
2000 | 2,846,289 | [74] | 18.1% |
2010 | 3,010,232 | [75] | 5.8% |
2020 | 3,186,989 | [76] | 5.9% |
2023 (est.) | 3,135,755 | [77] | −1.6% |
U.S. Decennial Census[78][failed verification] 1790–1960[79] 1900–1990[80] |
2020
Race / ethnicity | Pop 2000[81] | Pop 2010[75] | Pop 2020[76] | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
White alone (NH)
|
1,458,978 | 1,328,499 | 1,198,655 | 51.26% | 44.13% | 37.61% |
Black or African American alone (NH)
|
42,639 | 44,000 | 49,304 | 1.50% | 1.46% | 1.55% |
Alaska Native alone (NH)
|
8,414 | 6,216 | 5,298 | 0.30% | 0.21% | 0.17% |
Asian alone (NH) | 383,810 | 532,477 | 699,124 | 13.48% | 17.69% | 21.94% |
Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 8,086 | 8,357 | 7,714 | 0.30% | 0.28% | 0.24% |
Some Other Race alone (NH) | 4,525 | 5,593 | 14,818 | 0.28% | 0.19% | 0.46% |
Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH) | 64,258 | 72,117 | 125,242 | 2.26% | 2.40% | 3.93% |
Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 875,579 | 1,012,973 | 1,086,834 | 30.76% | 33.65% | 34.10% |
Total | 2,846,289 | 3,010,232 | 3,186,989 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
2011
Population, race, and income | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total population[82] | 2,989,948 | ||||
White[82] | 1,852,969 | 62.0% | |||
Black or African American[82] | 49,513 | 1.7% | |||
American Indian or Alaska Native[82] | 12,548 | 0.4% | |||
Asian[82] | 532,499 | 17.8% | |||
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander[82] | 9,331 | 0.3% | |||
Hispanic or Latino (of any race)[83] | 994,279 | 33.3% | |||
Per capita income[84] | $34,416 | ||||
Median household income[85] | $75,762 | ||||
Median family income[86] | $85,009 |
Places by population, race, and income
Place | Type[87] | Population[88] | Per capita income[84] | Median household income[citation needed] | Median family income[86] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aliso Viejo |
City |
47,037 | $44,646 | $99,095 | $113,183 |
Anaheim |
City |
335,057 | $23,109 | $59,330 | $63,180 |
Anaheim Hills | City |
55,036 | $52,195 | $123,260 | $148,360 |
Brea | City |
38,837 | $36,195 | $81,278 | $98,159 |
Buena Park |
City |
80,214 | $23,470 | $64,809 | $68,872 |
Costa Mesa |
City |
109,796 | $33,800 | $65,471 | $74,201 |
Coto de Caza |
CDP | 14,974 | $65,625 | $164,385 | $176,686 |
Cypress | City |
47,610 | $32,815 | $82,954 | $92,276 |
Dana Point |
City |
33,510 | $51,431 | $83,306 | $101,186 |
Fountain Valley | City |
55,209 | $35,487 | $81,661 | $91,003 |
Fullerton | City |
134,079 | $30,967 | $69,432 | $78,812 |
Garden Grove | City |
170,148 | $21,066 | $60,036 | $62,820 |
Huntington Beach |
City |
189,744 | $42,127 | $80,901 | $99,038 |
Irvine | City |
205,057 | $43,102 | $92,599 | $109,762 |
Ladera Ranch |
CDP | 21,412 | $48,671 | $132,475 | $143,857 |
Laguna Beach |
City |
22,808 | $81,591 | $99,190 | $139,833 |
Laguna Hills |
City |
30,477 | $44,751 | $85,971 | $105,385 |
Laguna Niguel |
City |
62,855 | $51,491 | $100,480 | $119,757 |
Laguna Woods |
City |
16,276 | $36,017 | $35,393 | $50,332 |
La Habra |
City |
60,117 | $24,589 | $63,356 | $69,028 |
Lake Forest | City |
77,111 | $39,844 | $94,632 | $108,211 |
La Palma | City |
15,536 | $34,475 | $84,693 | $92,757 |
Las Flores | CDP | 5,911 | $46,717 | $128,269 | $135,046 |
Los Alamitos | City |
11,442 | $38,527 | $79,861 | $90,409 |
Midway City |
CDP | 8,052 | $18,610 | $46,714 | $55,168 |
Mission Viejo |
City |
93,076 | $41,436 | $96,420 | $109,693 |
Newport Beach |
City |
84,417 | $80,872 | $108,946 | $151,773 |
North Tustin |
CDP | 24,572 | $55,038 | $109,629 | $119,543 |
Orange | City |
135,582 | $32,797 | $78,654 | $88,423 |
Placentia | City |
50,089 | $30,451 | $78,364 | $90,372 |
Rancho Santa Margarita | City |
47,769 | $41,787 | $104,167 | $116,540 |
Rossmoor | CDP | 10,099 | $51,210 | $108,427 | $119,727 |
San Clemente |
City |
62,052 | $47,894 | $89,289 | $107,524 |
San Juan Capistrano |
City |
34,455 | $39,097 | $73,806 | $86,744 |
Santa Ana | City |
325,517 | $16,564 | $54,399 | $53,111 |
Seal Beach |
City |
24,157 | $44,115 | $50,958 | $94,035 |
Stanton | City |
38,141 | $20,558 | $51,933 | $53,968 |
Sunset Beach | CDP | 1,486 | $47,415 | $68,036 | $109,125 |
Tustin |
City |
74,625 | $32,854 | $73,231 | $80,963 |
Villa Park | City |
5,825 | $71,697 | $151,139 | $165,833 |
Westminster | City |
89,440 | $23,201 | $56,867 | $61,145 |
Yorba Linda |
City |
63,578 | $49,485 | $115,291 | $128,528 |
2010
The
The Hispanic and Latino population is predominantly of
Among the Asian population, 6.1% are Vietnamese, followed by Koreans (2.9%), Chinese (2.7%), Filipinos (2.4%), Indians (1.4%), Japanese (1.1%), Cambodians (0.2%), Pakistanis (0.2%), Thais (0.1%), Indonesians (0.1%), and Laotians (0.1%).
Population reported at 2010 United States Census
| |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The County |
Total Population |
White |
African American |
Native American |
Asian |
Pacific Islander |
other races |
two or more races |
Latino (of any race) |
Orange County | 3,010,232 | 1,830,758 | 67,708 | 18,132 | 537,804 | 9,354 | 435,641 | 127,799 | 1,012,973 |
Incorporated cities |
Total Population |
White |
African American |
Native American |
Asian |
Pacific Islander |
other races |
two or more races |
Latino (of any race) |
Aliso Viejo
|
47,823 | 34,437 | 967 | 151 | 6,996 | 89 | 2,446 | 2,737 | 8,164 |
Anaheim
|
336,265 | 177,237 | 9,347 | 2,648 | 49,857 | 1,607 | 80,705 | 14,864 | 177,467 |
Brea | 39,282 | 26,363 | 1,549 | 190 | 7,144 | 69 | 3,236 | 1,731 | 9,817 |
Buena Park
|
80,530 | 36,454 | 3,073 | 862 | 21,488 | 455 | 14,066 | 4,132 | 31,638 |
Costa Mesa
|
109,960 | 75,335 | 1,640 | 686 | 8,654 | 527 | 17,992 | 5,126 | 39,403 |
Cypress | 47,802 | 26,000 | 1,444 | 289 | 14,978 | 234 | 2,497 | 2,360 | 8,779 |
Dana Point
|
33,351 | 28,701 | 294 | 229 | 1,064 | 37 | 1,952 | 1,074 | 5,662 |
Fountain Valley | 55,313 | 31,225 | 1,510 | 229 | 18,418 | 171 | 2,445 | 2,315 | 7,250 |
Fullerton | 135,161 | 72,845 | 4,138 | 842 | 30,788 | 321 | 21,439 | 5,788 | 46,501 |
Garden Grove | 170,883 | 68,149 | 3,155 | 983 | 63,451 | 1,110 | 28,916 | 6,119 | 63,079 |
Huntington Beach
|
189,992 | 145,661 | 1,813 | 992 | 21,070 | 635 | 11,193 | 8,628 | 32,411 |
Irvine | 212,375 | 107,215 | 3,868 | 355 | 83,176 | 334 | 5,867 | 11,710 | 19,621 |
La Habra
|
60,239 | 35,147 | 1,025 | 531 | 5,653 | 103 | 15,224 | 2,556 | 34,449 |
La Palma | 15,568 | 5,762 | 802 | 56 | 7,483 | 41 | 760 | 664 | 2,487 |
Laguna Beach
|
22,723 | 20,645 | 278 | 61 | 811 | 15 | 350 | 663 | 1,650 |
Laguna Hills
|
30,344 | 22,045 | 520 | 101 | 3,829 | 58 | 2,470 | 1,421 | 6,242 |
Laguna Niguel
|
62,979 | 50,625 | 877 | 219 | 5,459 | 87 | 3,019 | 2,793 | 8,761 |
Laguna Woods
|
16,192 | 14,133 | 110 | 24 | 1,624 | 10 | 90 | 201 | 650 |
Lake Forest | 77,264 | 54,341 | 1,695 | 384 | 10,115 | 191 | 7,267 | 3,671 | 19,024 |
Los Alamitos | 11,449 | 8,131 | 324 | 51 | 1,471 | 50 | 726 | 696 | 2,418 |
Mission Viejo
|
93,305 | 74,493 | 1,710 | 379 | 8,462 | 153 | 4,332 | 4,276 | 15,877 |
Newport Beach
|
85,186 | 74,357 | 616 | 223 | 5,982 | 114 | 1,401 | 2,493 | 6,174 |
Orange | 136,416 | 91,522 | 3,627 | 993 | 15,350 | 352 | 20,567 | 5,405 | 52,014 |
Placentia | 50,533 | 31,373 | 914 | 386 | 7,531 | 74 | 8,247 | 2,008 | 18,416 |
Rancho Santa Margarita | 47,853 | 37,421 | 887 | 182 | 4,350 | 102 | 2,674 | 2,237 | 8,902 |
San Clemente
|
63,522 | 54,605 | 511 | 363 | 2,333 | 90 | 3,433 | 2,287 | 10,702 |
San Juan Capistrano
|
34,593 | 26,664 | 293 | 286 | 975 | 33 | 5,234 | 1,208 | 13,388 |
Santa Ana | 324,528 | 148,838 | 6,356 | 3,260 | 34,138 | 976 | 120,789 | 11,671 | 253,928 |
Seal Beach
|
24,168 | 20,154 | 279 | 65 | 2,309 | 58 | 453 | 850 | 2,331 |
Stanton | 38,186 | 16,991 | 3,358 | 405 | 8,831 | 217 | 9,274 | 1,610 | 19,417 |
Tustin
|
75,540 | 39,729 | 2,722 | 442 | 15,299 | 268 | 14,499 | 3,581 | 30,024 |
Villa Park | 5,812 | 4,550 | 92 | 34 | 854 | 1 | 162 | 169 | 598 |
Westminster | 89,701 | 32,037 | 2,849 | 397 | 42,597 | 361 | 10,229 | 3,231 | 21,176 |
Yorba Linda
|
64,234 | 48,246 | 835 | 230 | 10,030 | 85 | 2,256 | 2,552 | 9,220 |
Total Population |
White |
African American |
Native American |
Asian |
Pacific Islander |
other races |
two or more races |
Latino (of any race) | |
Coto de Caza
|
14,866 | 13,094 | 132 | 26 | 878 | 20 | 174 | 542 | 1,170 |
Ladera Ranch
|
22,980 | 17,899 | 335 | 54 | 2,774 | 27 | 624 | 1,267 | 2,952 |
Las Flores | 5,971 | 4,488 | 91 | 23 | 780 | 12 | 261 | 316 | 984 |
Midway City
|
8,485 | 2,884 | 71 | 65 | 3,994 | 40 | 1,165 | 266 | 2,467 |
North Tustin
|
24,917 | 20,836 | 148 | 104 | 1,994 | 52 | 908 | 875 | 3,260 |
Rossmoor | 10,244 | 8,691 | 84 | 36 | 838 | 29 | 168 | 398 | 1,174 |
Other unincorporated areas |
Total Population |
White |
African American |
Native American |
Asian |
Pacific Islander |
other races |
two or more races |
Latino (of any race) |
All others not CDPs (combined) | 32,726 | 20,572 | 4,365 | 290 | 3,934 | 144 | 6,113 | 1,272 | 13,247 |
2000
As of the
In 1990, still according to the
Out of 935,287 households, 37.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.9% married couples were living together, 10.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.6% were non-families. 21.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.00 and the average family size was 3.48.
Ethnic change has been transforming the population. By 2009, nearly 45 percent of the residents spoke a language other than English at home. Whites now comprise only 45 percent of the population, while the numbers of Hispanics grow steadily, along with Vietnamese, Korean and Chinese families. The percentage of foreign-born residents jumped to 30 percent in 2008 from 6 percent in 1970. The mayor of Irvine, Sukhee Kang, was born in Korea, making him the first Korean-American to run a major American city. “We have 35 languages spoken in our city,” Kang observed.[96] The population is diverse age-wise, with 27.0% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 33.2% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 9.9% 65 years of age or older. The median age is 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.7 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $61,899, and the median income for a family was $75,700 (these figures had risen to $71,601 and $81,260 respectively as of a 2007 estimate
Residents of Orange County are known as "Orange Countians".[98]
Economy
Business
Orange County is the headquarters of many Fortune 500 companies including
Shopping
Shopping in Orange County is centered around regional shopping malls,
Tourism
Tourism remains a vital aspect of Orange County's economy.
Food culture
As recently as the 1990s, award-winning restaurants in Orange County consisted mostly of national chain restaurants with traditional American or Tex-Mex comfort food.[citation needed] In the late 1990s, Tim and Liza Goodell with chef Florent Marneau, and David Wilhelm, established culinary restaurant groups featuring nouvelle cuisine, gourmet burgers and more. The Orange County Register states that the "tipping point" came in 2007 when Marneaus founded Marché Moderne (since moved to Crystal Cove), and Top Chef chef Amar Santana opened a branch of Charlie Palmer (closed 2015),[110] both at South Coast Plaza. Santana followed opening restaurants Broadway in Laguna Beach and Vaca in Costa Mesa. Other Top Chef chefs followed with their own restaurants including Brian Huskey (Tackle Box), Shirley Chung (Twenty Eight), Jamie Gwen of Cutthroat Kitchen, and from The Great Food Truck Race, Jason Quinn (Playground), who also opened three stands at the 4th Street Market[111] food hall in Downtown Santa Ana in 2016.[112]
In 2019, the
Arts and culture
The area's warm
Other tourist destinations include the
Little Saigon is another tourist destination, home to the largest concentration of Vietnamese people outside Vietnam. There are also sizable Taiwanese, Filipino, Chinese, and Korean communities, particularly in western Orange County. This is evident in several Asian-influenced shopping centers in Asian American hubs like Irvine. Popular food festival 626 Night Market has a location at OC Fair & Event Center in Costa Mesa and is a popular attraction for Asian and fusion food, as well as an Art Walk and live entertainment.[118]
Historical points of interest include
Religion
In 2014, the county had 1,075 religious organizations, the sixth-highest total among all US counties (matching its status as the sixth-most-populous county in the US).[120]
Orange County is the base for several religious organizations:
- The Newport Beach California Temple, one of four temples operated by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Southern California.
- Christ Cathedral (formerly Reverend Robert Schuller's Crystal Cathedral) is the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Orange, located in Garden Grove.
- University Synagogue, one of the world's largest Jewish synagogues located in Irvine to serve the sizable Jewish community in the area, especially students at nearby University of California, Irvine.
- Beth Jacob Congregation of Irvine, the largest Orthodox Jewish synagogue between Los Angeles and San Diego, serving several thousand families.
- Temple Beth El of South Orange County, located in Aliso Viejo, and built in 2001 to serve the fast-growing Jewish community in Orange County, this 65,000 sq ft (6,000 m2) synagogue can seat 1,400 congregants and is the largest by size in Orange County, and is one of the largest places of worship in the state in terms of size. Temple Beth El is affiliated with both the Reform and Conservative Judaism denominations.[121]
- Temple Bat Yahm of Newport Beach, is the largest Reform synagogue in Newport Beachand serves more than 500 families.
- Chabad-Lubavitch school of Orthodox Judaism, but all Jews are welcome to worship regardless of denomination or background.[122]
- Temple Beth Emet of Anaheim, is the only synagogue in Conservative Jewishsynagogue to open in Orange County back in 1955.
- Islamic Center of Irvine, which has raised over $5.5 million for its expansion project (as of October 2018).[123]
- Islamic Institute of Orange County, an Islamic Center in Orange County, located in Anaheim and founded in 1991.[124]
- The Islamic Society of Orange County in Garden Grove, established in 1976 and one of the largest mosquesin the United States.
- Islamic Center of Santa Ana (ICSA), which opened a new $2.6 million facility in 2017.[125]
- Orange County Islamic Foundation, located in Mission Viejo.[126]
- The Islamic Educational Center of Orange County (IECOC), located in Costa Mesa[127]
- Forty Martyrs Armenian Apostolic Church,[128] located in Santa Ana is one of two Armenian Apostolic Church, otherwise referred to as "Armenian Orthodox Church" or "Gregorian Church" in Orange County.
- St. Mary Armenian Church,[129] located in Costa Mesa is one of two Armenian Apostolic Church, otherwise referred to as "Armenian Orthodox Church" or "Gregorian Church" in Orange County.
- Huntington Beach by David Berg.
- Costa Mesa.
- Buddhistmonasteries and temples in the United States.
- The Purpose Driven Life author Rick Warren and his Saddleback Church (the largest church in California) are in Lake Forest.
- The Roman Catholic Diocese of Orange headed by Bishop Kevin Vann. There are about 1.04 million Catholics in Orange County.[130]
- Tustin, now in Costa Mesa.
- Monasteries of the Trabuco Canyon.
- The Vineyard Christian Fellowshipmovement began in Orange County.
- The Jains from India
- The SikhCenter of Orange County located in Santa Ana
- The Sikh Center of Buena Park – Gurdwara Singh Sabha
- Harvest Orange County in Irvine. Also holds the Harvest Crusades in Anaheim Stadium.
- Living Stream Ministry is headquartered in Anaheim and hosts several Christian conferences a year.
- Orange County Buddhist Center in Laguna Hills, part of the Soka Gakkai International
Sports
The Major League Baseball team in Orange County is the Los Angeles Angels. The team won the World Series under manager Mike Scioscia in 2002. In 2005, new owner Arte Moreno wanted to change the name to "Los Angeles Angels" in order to better tap into the Los Angeles media market, the second largest in the country. However, the standing agreement with the city of Anaheim demanded that they have "Anaheim" in the name, so they became the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim. This name change was hotly disputed by the city of Anaheim, but the change stood, which prompted a lawsuit by the city of Anaheim against Arte Moreno, won by the latter. Prior to the 2016 Moreno and the club officially dropped the Anaheim moniker now simply going by the Los Angeles Angels.
The county's National Hockey League team, the Anaheim Ducks, won the 2007 Stanley Cup beating the Ottawa Senators. They also came close to winning the 2003 Stanley Cup finals after losing in Game 7 against the New Jersey Devils.
The Toshiba Classic, the only PGA Champions Tour event in the area, is held each March at The Newport Beach Country Club. Past champions include Fred Couples (2010), Hale Irwin (1998 and 2002), Nick Price (2011), Bernhard Langer (2008) and Jay Haas (2007). The tournament benefits the Hoag Hospital Foundation and has raised over $16 million in its first 16 years.
The National Football League left the county when the Los Angeles Rams relocated to St. Louis in 1995.
The National Basketball Association's Los Angeles Clippers played some home games at The Arrowhead Pond, now known as the Honda Center, from 1994 to 1999, before moving to Staples Center (now Crypto.com Arena), which they share with the Los Angeles Lakers.
Government
Orange County is a
.The elected offices of the county government consist of the five-member
As of January 2023[update], the six countywide elected officers are:[134][135]
- Assessor: Claude Parrish, Republican (since January 5, 2015)
- Auditor-Controller: Andrew Hamilton, CPA, Republican (since January 2, 2023)
- Clerk-Recorder: Hugh Nguyen, Republican (since April 3, 2013)
- District Attorney-Public Administrator: Todd Spitzer, Republican (since January 7, 2019)
- Sheriff-Coroner: Don Barnes, Republican (since January 7, 2019)
- Treasurer-Tax Collector: Shari Freidenrich, CPA, Republican (since January 3, 2011)
A seventh countywide elected officer, the County Superintendent of Schools (jointly with an independently elected County Board of Education) oversees the independent Orange County Department of Education.[136]
Board of Supervisors
Each of the five members of the Board of Supervisors is elected from a regional district, and together, the board oversees the activities of the county's agencies and departments and sets policy on development, public improvements, and county services. At the beginning of each calendar year, the Supervisors select a chair and Vice Chair amongst themselves. The chair presides over board meetings, and the Vice Chair presides when the chair is not present. The Board appoints the Clerk of the Board of Supervisors, the County Counsel, the Performance Audit Director, and the Director of the Office of Independent Review. The Board also appoints the County Executive Officer to act as the chief administrative officer of the county and the manager of all agencies and departments not under the sole jurisdiction of an elected county official nor the sole jurisdiction of one of the four aforementioned officers appointed by the Board.[137]
As of January 2023[update], the members of the Orange County Board of Supervisors are:[134][135][137]
- District 1: Andrew Do, Republican (since February 3, 2015)
- District 2: Vicente Sarmiento, Democrat (since January 2, 2023)
- District 3: Donald P. Wagner, Republican (since March 27, 2019)
- District 4: Doug Chaffee, Democrat (since January 7, 2019)
- District 5: Katrina Foley, Democrat (since March 23, 2021)
Department of Education
The County Department of Education is wholly separate from the County government and is jointly overseen by the elected County Superintendent of Schools and the five-member Orange County Board of Education, whose trustees are popularly elected from five separate trustee areas.[136]
As of January 2023[update], the six elected officials overseeing the Orange County Department of Education are:[135][138]
- Trustee Area 1: Jorge Valdes, Republican
- Trustee Area 2: Mari Barke, Republican
- Trustee Area 3: Ken Williams, Republican
- Trustee Area 4: Tim Shaw, Republican
- Trustee Area 5: Lisa Sparks, Republican
- Superintendent of Schools: Al Mijares, Republican
Pension scandal
On July 12, 2010, it was revealed that former Sheriff Mike Carona received over $215,000 in pension checks in 2009, despite his felony conviction.[139] A 2005 state law denied a public pension to public officials convicted of wrongdoing in office, however, that law only applied to benefits accrued after December 2005. Carona became eligible for his pension at age 50, and is also entitled, by law, to medical and dental benefits.[140][141] It was noted that the county's retirement system faces a massive shortfall totaling $3.7 billion unfunded liabilities, and Carona was one of approximately 400 retired Orange County public servants who received more than $100,000 in benefits in 2009.[142] Also on the list of those receiving extra-large pension checks is former treasurer-tax collector Robert Citron, whose investments, which were made while consulting psychics and astrologers, led Orange County into bankruptcy in 1994.[143]
Citron, a Democrat, funneled billions of public dollars into questionable investments, and at first the returns were high and cities, schools and special districts borrowed millions to join in the investments. But the strategy backfired, and Citron's investment pool lost $1.64 billion. Nearly $200 million had to be slashed from the county budget and more than 1,000 jobs were cut. The county was forced to borrow $1 billion.[144]
The California Foundation for Fiscal Responsibility filed a lawsuit against the pension system to get the list. The agency had claimed that pensioner privacy would be compromised by the release. A judge approved the release and the documents were released late June 2010. The release of the documents has reopened debate on the pension plan for retired public safety workers approved in 2001 when Carona was sheriff.[145]
Called "3 percent at 50," it lets deputies retire at age 50 with 3 percent of their highest year's pay for every year of service. Before it was approved and applied retroactively, employees received 2 percent.[146] "It was right after Sept. 11," said Orange County Supervisor John Moorlach. "All of a sudden, public safety people became elevated to god status. The Board of Supervisors were tripping over themselves to make the motion." He called it "one of the biggest shifts of money from the private sector to the public sector." Moorlach, who was not on the board when the plan was approved, led the fight to repeal the benefit. A lawsuit, which said the benefit should go before voters, was rejected in Los Angeles County Superior Court in 2009 and is now under appeal.[145] Carona opposed the lawsuit when it was filed, likening its filing to a "nuclear bomb" for deputies.[citation needed]
Politics
During most of the 20th century and up until 2016, Orange County was known for its political
Political history
From the mid-20th century until the 2010s, Orange County was known as a Republican stronghold and consistently sent Republican representatives to the state and federal legislatures—so strongly so, that Ronald Reagan described it as the place that "all the good Republicans go to die."[149] Republican majorities in Orange County helped deliver California's electoral votes to Republican nominees Richard Nixon in 1960, 1968, and 1972; Gerald Ford in 1976; Reagan in 1980 and 1984; and George H. W. Bush in 1988. It was one of five counties in the state that voted for Barry Goldwater in 1964.
In 1936, Orange County gave Franklin D. Roosevelt a majority of its presidential vote. The Republican nominee won Orange County by double digits in the next seventeen presidential elections. Orange County's Republican registration reached its apex in 1991, 55.6% of registered voters.[156] But with the 2008 election it began trending Democratic until Hillary Clinton won the county with an eight-point majority in 2016.[157][158] In 2020, Joe Biden further improved slightly on Clinton's 2016 margin of victory.[159][160] In 2023, the Republican party's registration was 33%, while the Democratic party's registration was 37.5%.[156]
Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
2020 | 676,498 | 44.44% | 814,009 | 53.48% | 31,606 | 2.08% |
2016 | 507,148 | 42.35% | 609,961 | 50.94% | 80,412 | 6.71% |
2012 | 582,332 | 51.87% | 512,440 | 45.65% | 27,892 | 2.48% |
2008 | 579,064 | 50.19% | 549,558 | 47.63% | 25,065 | 2.17% |
2004 | 641,832 | 59.68% | 419,239 | 38.98% | 14,328 | 1.33% |
2000 | 541,299 | 55.75% | 391,819 | 40.36% | 37,787 | 3.89% |
1996 | 446,717 | 51.67% | 327,485 | 37.88% | 90,374 | 10.45% |
1992 | 426,613 | 43.87% | 306,930 | 31.56% | 239,006 | 24.58% |
1988 | 586,230 | 67.75% | 269,013 | 31.09% | 10,064 | 1.16% |
1984 | 635,013 | 74.70% | 206,272 | 24.27% | 8,792 | 1.03% |
1980 | 529,797 | 67.90% | 176,704 | 22.65% | 73,711 | 9.45% |
1976 | 408,632 | 62.16% | 232,246 | 35.33% | 16,555 | 2.52% |
1972 | 448,291 | 68.27% | 176,847 | 26.93% | 31,515 | 4.80% |
1968 | 314,905 | 63.14% | 148,869 | 29.85% | 34,933 | 7.00% |
1964 | 224,196 | 55.89% | 176,539 | 44.01% | 430 | 0.11% |
1960 | 174,891 | 60.81% | 112,007 | 38.95% | 701 | 0.24% |
1956 | 113,510 | 66.82% | 54,895 | 32.31% | 1,474 | 0.87% |
1952 | 80,994 | 70.29% | 33,397 | 28.98% | 844 | 0.73% |
1948 | 48,587 | 60.88% | 29,018 | 36.36% | 2,209 | 2.77% |
1944 | 38,394 | 56.92% | 28,649 | 42.47% | 407 | 0.60% |
1940 | 36,070 | 55.49% | 28,236 | 43.44% | 691 | 1.06% |
1936 | 23,494 | 43.31% | 29,836 | 55.00% | 921 | 1.70% |
1932 | 22,623 | 45.91% | 23,835 | 48.37% | 2,818 | 5.72% |
1928 | 30,572 | 79.35% | 7,611 | 19.75% | 344 | 0.89% |
1924 | 19,913 | 67.35% | 2,565 | 8.68% | 7,088 | 23.97% |
1920 | 12,797 | 71.52% | 3,502 | 19.57% | 1,594 | 8.91% |
1916 | 10,609 | 56.59% | 6,474 | 34.54% | 1,663 | 8.87% |
1912 | 123 | 1.08% | 4,406 | 38.58% | 6,892 | 60.34% |
1908 | 3,244 | 53.74% | 1,911 | 31.65% | 882 | 14.61% |
1904 | 2,665 | 59.54% | 1,034 | 23.10% | 777 | 17.36% |
1900 | 2,155 | 51.24% | 1,777 | 42.25% | 274 | 6.51% |
1896 | 1,932 | 51.06% | 1,712 | 45.24% | 140 | 3.70% |
1892 | 1,152 | 39.74% | 1,000 | 34.49% | 747 | 25.77% |
Year | GOP | DEM |
---|---|---|
2022 | 51.5% 492,734 | 48.5% 464,206 |
2021† | 48.3% 547,685 | 51.7% 586,457 |
2018
|
49.9% 539,951 | 50.1% 543,047 |
2014
|
55.6% 344,817 | 44.4% 275,707 |
2010
|
56.8% 499,878 | 37.4% 328,663 |
2006
|
69.7% 507,413 | 25.5% 185,388 |
2003†
|
63.5% 493,850 | 16.8% 130,808 |
2002
|
57.5% 368,152 | 34.7% 222,149 |
1998
|
52.1% 370,736 | 44.7% 318,198 |
1994
|
67.7% 516,811 | 27.7% 211,132 |
1990
|
63.7% 425,025 | 31.3% 208,886 |
1986
|
71.9% 468,092 | 26.5% 172,782 |
1982
|
61.4% 422,878 | 36.7% 252,572 |
1978
|
44.2% 272,076 | 48.7% 299,577 |
1974
|
56.9% 297,870 | 40.6% 212,638 |
1970
|
66.9% 308,982 | 31.5% 145,420 |
1966
|
72.2% 293,413 | 27.9% 113,275 |
1962
|
59.4% 169,962 | 39.2% 112,152 |
1958
|
53.6% 98,729 | 46.3% 85,364 |
1954
|
69.7% 63,148 | 30.3% 27,511 |
1950
|
75.4% 57,348 | 24.6% 18,711 |
The Republican margin began to narrow in the 1990s and 2000s as the state trended Democratic until the mid- to late-2010s when it voted for the Democratic Party in 2016 and in 2018, when the Democratic party won every United States House District anchored in the county, including four that had previously been held by Republicans.[163] This prompted media outlets to declare Orange County's Republican leanings "dead", with the Los Angeles Times running an op-ed titled, "An obituary to old Orange County, dead at age 129."[149][150][151][152][164] While Republicans were able to recapture two of the seven U.S. House seats in Orange County in 2020, Democrats continued to hold the other five, Biden won the county by a slightly greater margin than Clinton had, and Democrats received a majority of the votes in each of the seven congressional districts.[160] Republicans still carry more weight at the local level, and in 2020 for the State Assembly elections, they won 50.2% of the vote and four out of seven seats of the county.[165] In the 2022 midterm elections, no congressional districts flipped, though Republicans performed strongly in Orange County, with every statewide GOP candidate carrying it.
For the 118th United States Congress in the United States House of Representatives, Orange County is split between six congressional districts:[166]
- California's 38th congressional district, represented by Democrat Linda Sánchez,
- California's 40th congressional district, represented by Republican Young Kim,
- California's 45th congressional district, represented by Republican Michelle Steel,
- California's 46th congressional district, represented by Democrat Lou Correa,
- California's 47th congressional district, represented by Democrat Katie Porter, and
- California's 49th congressional district, represented by Democrat Mike Levin.
The 40th, 45th, 46th, and 47th districts are all centered in Orange County. The 38th has its population center in Los Angeles County, while the 49th is primarily San Diego County-based. 132, 154, 188 In the California State Senate, Orange County is split into 7 districts:[166]
- the 29th Senate District, represented by Democrat Josh Newman,
- the 30th Senate District, represented by Democrat Bob Archuleta,
- the 32nd Senate District, represented by Republican Kelly Seyarto,
- the 34th Senate District, represented by Democrat Tom Umberg,
- the 36th Senate District, represented by Republican Janet Nguyen,
- , and
- the 38th Senate District, represented by Democrat Catherine Blakespear.
In the California State Assembly, Orange County is split into 9 districts:[166]
- the 59th Assembly District, represented by Republican Phillip Chen,
- the 64th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Blanca Pacheco,
- the 67th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Sharon Quirk-Silva,
- the 68th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Avelino Valencia,
- the 70th Assembly District, represented by Republican Tri Ta,
- the 71st Assembly District, represented by Republican Kate Sanchez,
- the 72nd Assembly District, represented by Republican Diane Dixon,
- the 73rd Assembly District, represented by Democrat Cottie Petrie-Norris, and
- the 74th Assembly District, represented by Republican Laurie Davies.
According to the California Secretary of State, as of February 10, 2019, Orange County has 1,591,543 registered voters. Of these, 34% (541,711) are registered Republicans, and 33.3% (529,651) are registered Democrats. An additional 28.5% (453,343) declined to state a political party.[153]
Orange County has produced notable Republicans, such as President
While the growth of the county's Hispanic and Asian populations in recent decades has significantly influenced Orange County's culture, its conservative reputation has remained largely intact. Partisan voter registration patterns of Hispanics, Asians and other ethnic minorities in the county have tended to reflect the surrounding demographics, with resultant Republican majorities in all but the central portion of the county. When Loretta Sanchez, a Blue Dog Democrat, defeated veteran Republican Bob Dornan in 1996, she was continuing a trend of Democratic representation of that district that had been interrupted by Dornan's 1984 upset of former Congressman Jerry Patterson. Until 1992, Sanchez herself was a moderate Republican, and she is viewed as somewhat more moderate than other Democrats from Southern California.
In
The county is featured prominently in Lisa McGirr's book Suburban Warriors: The Origins of the New American Right. She argues that its conservative political orientation in the 20th century owed much to its settlement by farmers from the Great Plains, who reacted strongly to communist sympathies, the civil rights movement, and the turmoil of the 1960s in nearby Los Angeles — across the "Orange Curtain".
In the 1970s and 1980s, Orange County was one of California's leading Republican voting blocs and a subculture of residents with "Middle American" values that emphasized capitalist religious morality[clarification needed] in contrast to West coast liberalism.
Orange County has many Republican voters from culturally conservative Asian-American, Middle Eastern and Latino immigrant groups. The large Vietnamese-American communities in Garden Grove and Westminster are predominantly Republican; Vietnamese Americans registered Republicans outnumber those registered as Democrats, 55% to 22% as of 2007, while as of 2017 that figure is 42% to 36%. Republican Assemblyman Van Tran was the first Vietnamese-American elected to a state legislature and joined with Texan Hubert Vo as the highest-ranking elected Vietnamese-American in the United States until the 2008 election of Joseph Cao in Louisiana's 2nd congressional district. In the 2007 special election for the vacant county supervisor seat following Democrat Lou Correa's election to the state senate, two Vietnamese-American Republican candidates topped the list of 10 candidates, separated from each other by only seven votes, making the Orange County Board of Supervisors entirely Republican; Correa is first of only two Democrats to have served on the Board since 1987 and only the fifth since 1963.
Even with the Democratic sweep of Orange County's congressional seats in 2018, as well as a steady trend of Democratic gains in voter registration, the county remains very Republican downballot. Generally, larger cities–those with a population over 100,000, such as Anaheim, Santa Ana, and Irvine - feature a registration advantage for Democrats, while the other municipalities still have a Republican voter registration advantage. This is especially true in Newport Beach, Yorba Linda, and Villa Park, the three cities where the Republican advantage is largest. As of February 10, 2019, the only exceptions to the former are Huntington Beach and Orange, while exceptions to the latter include Buena Park, Laguna Beach and Stanton.[153]
Similarly, despite Orange county supporting Democratic candidates for president in 2016, and 2020, there are still several smaller municipalities in the county that have continued to vote Republican for president. In addition to the aforementioned Newport Beach, Yorba Linda, and Villa Park, the cities of Huntington Beach, Dana Point, San Juan Capistrano, and San Clemente also supported Republican nominee Donald Trump for president twice.[167]
Voter registration (2020 census)
Population and registered voters | ||
---|---|---|
Total population[168] | 3,186,989 | |
Registered voters[147][note 1] | 1,811,669 | 56.85% total |
Democratic[147] | 677,915 | 37.4% |
Republican[147] | 603,479 | 33.3% |
Democratic–Republican spread | +74,436 | +4.1% |
American Independent[147] | 61,539 | 3.4% |
Green[147] | 5,990 | 0.3% |
Libertarian[147] | 21,244 | 1.2% |
Peace and Freedom[147] | 7,479 | 0.4% |
Miscellaneous[147] | 6,855 | 0.4% |
No party preference[147] | 427,168 | 23.6% |
Cities by population and voter registration (2020 census)
City | Population[168] | Registered voters[147][note 1] | Democratic[147] | Republican[147] | D–R spread[147] | Other[147] | No party preference[147] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aliso Viejo | 52,176 | 32,135 | 36.9% | 32.5% | +4.4% | 6.1% | 24.4% |
Anaheim | 346,824 | 168,104 | 44.3% | 27.0% | +17.3% | 5.4% | 23.2% |
Brea | 47,325 | 29,364 | 34.3% | 37.4% | −2.9% | 5.3% | 23.1% |
Buena Park | 84,034 | 43,670 | 42.7% | 27.3% | +15.4% | 5.3% | 24.8% |
Costa Mesa | 111,918 | 61,574 | 37.4% | 31.9% | +5.5% | 7.0% | 23.6% |
Cypress | 50,151 | 30,701 | 37.1% | 33.3% | +3.8% | 5.3% | 24.2% |
Dana Point | 33,107 | 24,114 | 30.6% | 41.1% | −10.5% | 7.0% | 21.3% |
Fountain Valley | 57,047 | 37,582 | 32.5% | 38.7% | −6.2% | 5.3% | 23.6% |
Fullerton | 143,617 | 77,691 | 40.6% | 30.3% | +10.3% | 5.5% | 23.6% |
Garden Grove | 171,949 | 88,852 | 38.3% | 31.3% | +7.0% | 5.3% | 25.0% |
Huntington Beach | 198,711 | 133,245 | 31.4% | 40.1% | −8.7% | 6.6% | 22.0% |
Irvine | 307,670 | 152,646 | 41.2% | 24.7% | +16.5% | 4.6% | 29.6% |
La Habra | 63,097 | 33,306 | 42.3% | 30.1% | +12.2% | 5.8% | 21.8% |
La Palma | 15,581 | 9,654 | 39.7% | 31.0% | +8.7% | 4.2% | 25.0% |
Laguna Beach | 23,032 | 18,109 | 43.1% | 28.4% | +14.7% | 6.5% | 22.3% |
Laguna Hills | 31,374 | 19,992 | 34.6% | 36.0% | −1.4% | 5.8% | 23.5% |
Laguna Niguel | 64,355 | 45,080 | 33.6% | 37.4% | −3.8% | 6.4% | 22.6% |
Laguna Woods | 17,644 | 15,174 | 40.5% | 34.8% | +5.7% | 4.5% | 20.2% |
Lake Forest | 85,858 | 53,037 | 34.9% | 35.5% | −0.6% | 5.9% | 23.7% |
Los Alamitos | 11,780 | 7,283 | 36.3% | 34.6% | +1.7% | 6.8% | 22.2% |
Mission Viejo | 93,653 | 65,727 | 33.0% | 38.6% | −5.6% | 6.1% | 22.3% |
Newport Beach | 85,239 | 60,767 | 25.8% | 46.7% | −20.9% | 5.8% | 21.7% |
Orange | 139,911 | 78,156 | 36.7% | 35.1% | +1.6% | 5.9% | 22.3% |
Placentia | 51,824 | 30,820 | 36.0% | 36.1% | −0.1% | 5.5% | 22.5% |
Rancho Santa Margarita | 47,949 | 31,423 | 31.0% | 40.2% | −9.2% | 6.0% | 22.8% |
San Clemente | 64,293 | 44,705 | 28.1% | 43.8% | −15.7% | 6.7% | 21.3% |
San Juan Capistrano | 35,196 | 22,391 | 32.5% | 39.5% | −7.0% | 6.4% | 21.5% |
Santa Ana | 310,227 | 127,205 | 52.8% | 18.1% | +34.7% | 5.2% | 23.9% |
Seal Beach | 25,242 | 19,201 | 36.4% | 39.9% | −3.5% | 5.2% | 18.6% |
Stanton | 37,962 | 17,632 | 44.6% | 26.0% | +18.6% | 5.3% | 24.1% |
Tustin | 80,276 | 41,439 | 41.4% | 27.3% | +14.1% | 5.6% | 25.9% |
Villa Park | 5,843 | 4,647 | 22.6% | 52.3% | −29.7% | 5.4% | 19.7% |
Westminster | 90,911 | 51,929 | 33.5% | 35.1% | −1.6% | 5.7% | 25.6% |
Yorba Linda | 68,336 | 48,005 | 25.9% | 47.8% | −21.9% | 5.1% | 21.2% |
Former congressional districts
Former congressional districts by year | |
---|---|
Year | Congressional district(s) |
1885–1893 | 6 |
1893–1903[169][170] | 7 |
1903–1913[169][171] | 8 |
1913–1933 | 11 |
1933–1943[169][172] | 19 |
1943–1953[169][173] | 22 |
1953–1963[169][174] | 28 |
1963–1973[169][175] | 34, 35 |
1973–1983 | 38, 39, 40 |
1983–1993 | 38, 39, 40 |
1993–2003 | 40, 46, 47, 48 |
2003–2013[169][176] | 40, 42, 44, 46, 47, 48 |
Education
Orange County is the home of many colleges and universities, including:
|
|
Some institutions not based in Orange County operate satellite campuses, including the University of Southern California, National University, Pepperdine University, and Springfield College.
The Orange County Department of Education oversees 28
Media
Orange County is served by media in Los Angeles, including its TV and radio stations. Two television stations—KOCE-TV, the main PBS member station in the Southland and KDOC-TV, a Tri-State Christian Television (TCT) owned-and-operated station—are located in Orange County.
There are a few radio stations that are actually located in Orange County.
County-wide politics and government coverage is primarily provided by the
The Orange County Plain Dealer (January 1898 to May 8, 1925), was a mostly Anaheim-based newspaper, and successor to The Independent, bought by James E. Valjean, a Republican and edited by him, a former editor of the Portsmouth Blade (Ohio).[178][179]
Other newspapers were: Anaheim Daily Herald, Anaheim Gazette, Anaheim Bulletin.[180]
Transportation
Transit in Orange County is offered primarily by the Orange County Transportation Authority. The American Public Transportation Association (APTA) cited OCTA as the best large public transportation system in the United States for 2005. OCTA manages the county's bus network and funds the construction and maintenance of local streets, highways, and freeways; regulates taxicab services; maintains express toll lanes through the median of California State Route 91; and works with Southern California's Metrolink to provide commuter rail service along three lines: the Orange County Line, the 91/Perris Valley Line, and the Inland Empire–Orange County Line.
Major highways
Ground transportation in Orange County relies heavily on three major interstate highways: the
Bus
The bus network comprises 6,542 stops on 77 lines, running along most major streets, and accounts for 210,000 boardings a day. The fleet of 817 buses is gradually being replaced by
Rail
Since 1992, Metrolink has operated three commuter rail lines through Orange County, and has also maintained Rail-to-Rail service with parallel Amtrak service. On a typical weekday, over 40 trains run along the Orange County Line, the 91/Perris Valley Line and the Inland Empire–Orange County Line. Along with Metrolink riders on parallel Amtrak lines, these lines generate approximately 15,000 boardings per weekday. Metrolink also began offering weekend service on the Orange County Line and the Inland Empire-Orange County line in the summer of 2006. As ridership has steadily increased in the region, new stations have opened at Anaheim Canyon, Buena Park, Tustin, and Laguna Niguel/Mission Viejo. Plans for a future station in Placentia are underway and is expected to be completed by 2020.
Since 1938, the
Sea
A car and passenger ferry service, the
Air
Orange County's only major airport is John Wayne Airport; its abbreviation (SNA) refers to Santa Ana, the closest large town in the early 20th century. The airport is located in unincorporated territory surrounded by Newport Beach, Costa Mesa, and Irvine. On destination monitors with flights to SNA, the airport is usually described as "Orange County, CA" or "Santa Ana/Orange County". In 2014, its Thomas F. Riley Terminal handled over 9 million passengers annually and as of 2019, seven airline brands provide scheduled service.
Communities
Cities
- Aliso Viejo
- Anaheim
- Brea
- Buena Park
- Costa Mesa
- Cypress
- Dana Point
- Fountain Valley
- Fullerton
- Garden Grove
- Huntington Beach
- Irvine
- La Habra
- La Palma
- Laguna Beach
- Laguna Hills
- Laguna Niguel
- Laguna Woods
- Lake Forest
- Los Alamitos
- Mission Viejo
- Newport Beach
- Orange
- Placentia
- Rancho Santa Margarita
- San Clemente
- San Juan Capistrano
- Santa Ana (county seat)
- Seal Beach
- Stanton
- Tustin
- Villa Park
- Westminster
- Yorba Linda
Unincorporated communities
These communities are outside city limits in unincorporated county territory.
- Anaheim Island
- Coto de Caza CDP[note 2]
- El Modena
- Emerald Bay
- Ladera Ranch CDP[note 2]
- Las Flores CDP[note 2]
- Midway City CDP[note 2]
- Modjeska CDP[note 2]
- North Tustin CDP[note 2]
- Cowan Heights
- Lemon Heights
- Panorama Heights
- Olive
- Orange Park Acres
- Rancho Mission Viejo CDP[note 2]
- Rossmoor CDP[note 2]
- Santiago Canyon
- Silverado CDP[note 2]
- Trabuco Canyon CDP[note 2]
- Williams Canyon CDP[note 2]
Planned communities
Orange County has a history of large
In culture
Orange County has been the setting for numerous written works and motion pictures, as well as a popular location for shooting motion pictures.
The city of
Orange County was featured by Huell Howser in Road Trip Episode 109.[185]
Popular television series set in Orange County include the
See also
- List of museums in Orange County, California
- List of people from Orange County, California
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Orange County, California
- Orange County (film)
- Orange County Fair (California)
- Orange County School of the Arts
- Santiago Library System
Notes
References
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Further reading
- Robin Rockey, 100 Things to Do in Orange County Before You Die. Reedy Press, 2019.[1][2][3]
- Gustavo Arellano, Orange County: A Personal History. New York: Scribner, 2008.
- Samuel Armor, History of Orange County, California: With Biographical Sketches of the Leading Men and Women of the County Who have been Identified with its Earliest Growth and Development from the Early Days to the Present. Los Angeles: Historic Record Company, 1921.
- Mark Baldassare, When Government Fails: The Orange County Bankruptcy. San Francisco: Public Policy Institute of California, 1998.
- Mike Heywood, A History of Orange County: Twelve Decades of Extraordinary Change, 1889 to 2010. n.c.: Aardvark Global Publishing, 2010.
- Doris I. Walker. Orange County Then and Now (Then & Now). Thunder Bay Press, 2006.[4]
- Philippe Jorion and Robert Roper, Big Bets Gone Bad: Derivatives and Bankruptcy in Orange County. San Diego: Academic Press, 1995.
- Rob Kling, Spencer C Olin, and Mark Poster, Postsuburban California: The Transformation of Orange County since World War II. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1991.
- Orange County Historical Society, Orange County. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2005.
- An Illustrated History of Southern California: Embracing the Counties of San Diego, San Bernardino, Los Angeles and Orange, and the Peninsula of Lower California, From the Earliest Period of Occupancy to the Present Time; Together with Glimpses of their Prospects; Also, Full-Page Portraits of Some of their Eminent Men, and Biographical Mention of Many of their Pioneers and of Prominent Citizens of To-day. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Co., 1890.
- The Majestic Empire: Orange County California. Santa Ana, CA: Orange County Board of Supervisors, 1964.
- Orange County, California: The Story of Orange County. Santa Ana, CA: Board of Supervisors of Orange County, California, 1939.
External links
Media related to Orange County, California at Wikimedia Commons
- Official website
- Orange County, California travel guide from Wikivoyage
- Orange County's Changing Politics – slideshow by The New York Times
- Orange County, California on National Association Of Counties
- Filming Locations in Orange County Archived May 25, 2017, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "100 Things to do in Orange County Before You die - Reedy Press LLC". Archived from the original on October 21, 2020. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ^ "The Ultimate Guide to Orange County, California". 100 Things to Do in Orange County Before You Die. Archived from the original on October 22, 2020. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ^ "Local author recommends 100 amazing things to do in O.C. In new book". Los Angeles Times. January 2, 2020. Archived from the original on October 22, 2020. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ISBN 9781592235995. Archivedfrom the original on February 10, 2022. Retrieved October 29, 2020.