Anarchism in Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Anarchism in Bosnia and Herzegovina first emerged from left-wing currents of the anti-imperialist movement, gaining traction as a tendency in the revolutionary organization
anti-nationalist and anti-capitalist
movements of the 21st century.
History
Anti-imperialist movement
Anarchism first emerged in the country from
left-wing currents during the Herzegovina uprising against the Ottoman Empire in 1875. This movement was spearheaded by the socialist Vladimir Gaćinović and received support from Bosnian and Italian anarchists, including Errico Malatesta.[1]
The subsequent
Governor of Bosnia and Herzegovina Marijan Varešanin, but failed and subsequently committed suicide.[5]
Žerajić's example was followed by several more attempted assassinations of Austro-Hungarian officials, the most significant of which was the
Franz Ferdinand's motorcade and one by one attempted on his life. The first attempt was by the Bosnian anarcho-syndicalist Nedeljko Čabrinović, who threw a bomb at the Archduke's vehicle, but it failed to detonate in time and Čabrinović's suicide attempt also failed.[6] Despite Čabrinović's failure, one of the Bosnian militants was successful - Gavrilo Princip shot the Archduke and his wife with a revolver, killing both.[7] At their trial, the Young Bosnians declared that the assassination was a reflection of their anarchist beliefs.[1] Čabrinović and Princip were both sentenced to 20 years in prison,[8] but the fallout from the assassination had already led directly to the beginning of World War I. In prison, the German psychologist Martin Pappenheim interviewed Princip about what drove him to assassinate the Archduke. Among the assassin's literature included a variety of anarchist works, including Kropotkin's The Conquest of Bread.[9]
Princip and Čabrinović both died in prison from their illnesses, shortly before the war drew to an end.
Yugoslavia
Following the end of
anti-fascist or dissident Croats and Bosniaks.[12] This was resisted by the Yugoslav Partisans,[13] who following their victory established the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and brought the country under the control of the Communist Party. Despite repressions against dissident workers, by the 1950s, many workers managed to implement a system of socialist self-management, which the state allowed in a limited form.[14]
Post-independence
The death of Tito and the subsequent
income inequality.[15]
This new status quo once again gave rise to anarchism within the country, after having been suppressed for nearly a century of authoritarian rule by various different parties. The rise of the Dosta movement from internet forums to public meetings brought about a form of libertarian organizing that transcended ethnic divisions. As it grew, it began to confront social and economic issues, even beginning to take
anti-nationalist character, with the slogan "Death to nationalism!" being graffiti'd on the walls of Sarajevo.[17]
On 19 May 2020, Bosnian anarchist and anti-fascist activist
Ustashas and Nazism.[19][20] Subsequent public debate on the video triggered even stronger verbal clashes between Haris Pendić and Croat and Bosniak nationalists
and led to Pendić's two further arrests.
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e Indic, Trivo (27 May 1990). "The anarchist tradition on Yugoslav soil". Umanità Nova. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
- ^ Belgrade (Serbia). Vojni muzej Jugoslovenske narodne armije (1968). Fourteen centuries of struggle for freedom. The Military Museum. p. li.
- ISBN 9788683651627.
- ISBN 978-86-7363-604-7.
- ISBN 9788671910156.
- OCLC 400010.
- ISBN 9781847654168.
- ISBN 0-89712-122-8.
- ^ Pappenheim, Martin (1916). "Conversations With Gavrilo Princip".
- ^ "Alexander I | king of Yugoslavia". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 7 June 2019.
- ISBN 0299148742.
- ISBN 978-1-55753-455-2.
- ISBN 978-0199327850.
- ^ Simic, Aleksandar (November 1995). "The workers' movement in Serbia and ex-Yugoslavia". Translated by Will Firth. Revolutionary Group TORPEDO. Archived from the original on 30 June 2012.
- ^ a b c "Anarchists in the Bosnian Uprising". CrimethInc. 18 February 2014. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
- ^ Katalenac, Juraj (6 February 2014). "What's up with Bosnia?". Insurgent Notes. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
- ^ Gavroche, Julius (31 March 2014). "All power to the plenums: Bosnia and Herzegovina's insurrection". Autonomies. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
- ^ "Man detained after threatening Bosnia's Archbishop". N1 Sarajevo. 22 January 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2023.
- ^ Hartmann, Graham (22 May 2020). "Axe-Wielding Metalhead YouTuber Arrested for Video Against the Catholic Church". Loudwire. Townsquare Media, Inc. Retrieved 22 May 2023.
- ^ Thalen, Mikael (23 May 2020). "Metalhead YouTuber arrested after criticizing the mourning of executed pro-Nazi militants". Daily Dot. Retrieved 22 May 2023.
