Anastomosis

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Vein skeleton of a Hydrangea leaf showing anastomoses of veins

An anastomosis (

congenital or acquired, are often called fistulas
.

The term is used in medicine,[1] biology, mycology, geology, and geography.

Etymology

Anastomosis: medical or Modern Latin, from Greek ἀναστόμωσις, anastomosis, "outlet, opening", Gr ana- "up, on, upon", stoma "mouth", "to furnish with a mouth".[2] Thus the -stom- syllable is cognate with that of stoma in botany or stoma in medicine.

Medical anatomy

A network of blood vessels

An anastomosis is the connection of two normally divergent structures.

intestine
.

Circulatory

In

systemic blood flow.[citation needed
]

Surgical

intestine, blood vessel, or any other structure are connected together surgically (anastomosed). Examples include arterial anastomosis in bypass surgery, intestinal anastomosis after a piece of intestine has been resected, Roux-en-Y anastomosis and ureteroureterostomy. Surgical anastomosis techniques include Linear Stapled Anastomosis,[4] Hand Sewn Anastomosis,[4] End-to-End Anastomosis (EEA).[5] Anastomosis can be performed by hand or with an anastomosis assist device.[6] Studies have been performed comparing various anastomosis approaches taking into account surgical "time and cost, postoperative anastomotic bleeding, leakage, and stricture".[7]

Pathological

]

Biology

Evolution

In evolution, anastomosis is a recombination of evolutionary lineage. Conventional accounts of evolutionary lineage present themselves as the branching out of species into novel forms. Under anastomosis, species might recombine after initial branching out, such as in the case of recent research that shows that ancestral populations along human and chimpanzee lineages may have interbred after an initial branching event.[8] The concept of anastomosis also applies to the theory of symbiogenesis, in which new species emerge from the formation of novel symbiotic relationships.[citation needed]

Mycology

In

genet or just microscopical areas.[10]

For fungi, anastomosis is also a component of reproduction. In some fungi, two different

haploid mating types – if compatible – merge. Somatically, they form a morphologically similar mycelial wave front that continues to grow and explore. The significant difference is that each septated unit is binucleate, containing two unfused nuclei, i.e. one from each parent that eventually undergoes karyogamy and meiosis to complete the sexual cycle.[citation needed
]

Also the term "anastomosing" is used for mushroom gills which interlink and separate to form a network.[11]

Anastomosing gills of Marasmius cf. cladophyllus

Botany

The growth of a strangler fig around a host tree, with tendrils fusing together to form a mesh, is called anastomosing.[12]

Geology

In geology, veins of quartz (or other) minerals can display anastomosis.[13]

Ductile shear zones frequently show anastomosing geometries of highly-strained rocks around lozenges of less-deformed material.[14]

Braided streams show anastomosing channels around channel bars of alluvium.[15]

Molten

lava flows sometimes flow in anastomosed lava channels[16] or lava tubes.[17]

Geography

Anastomosing streams consist of multiple channels that divide and reconnect and are separated by semi-permanent banks formed of cohesive material, such that they are unlikely to migrate from one channel position to another. They can be confused with

has been used for segments of anastomosing rivers.

In cave systems anastomosis is the splitting of cave passages that later reconnect.[22]

References

  1. ^ "Online ICD9/ICD9CM codes". icd9cm.chrisendres.com. Retrieved 2022-01-24.
  2. ^ Online Etymology Dictionary Douglas Harper
  3. ^ Gylys, Barbara A.; Mary Ellen Wedding (2005), Medical Terminology Systems, F.A. Davis Company
  4. ^ a b "Laparoscopic Anastomotic Techniques - A SAGES Wiki Article". SAGES. Retrieved 2018-06-28.
  5. ISSN 2373-6003
    .
  6. .
  7. .
  8. .
  9. ^ Kendrick, Bryce (2001), The Fifth Kingdom, Mycologue Publications
  10. PMID 15001190
    .
  11. .
  12. .
  13. .
  14. .
  15. .
  16. . V41A-2484. Retrieved 17 October 2023.
  17. .
  18. (PDF) on 2016-10-11. Retrieved 2016-08-21.
  19. .
  20. ^ Abbado, D., Slingerland, R.L., and Smith, N.D., 2005, The origin of anastomosis in the upper Columbia River, British Columbia, Canada: In Blum, M.D., Marriott, S., and Leclair. S. (eds.), Fluvial Sedimentology VII, Internat. Assoc. Sedim. Special Publ. 35.
  21. .
  22. ^ "Glossary of Karst and Cave Terms: anastomosis". www.speleogenesis.info. Retrieved 8 July 2022.