Andover, Massachusetts
Andover, Massachusetts | ||
---|---|---|
FIPS code 25-01465 | | |
GNIS feature ID | 0619444 | |
Website | The Official Website of Andover, Massachusetts |
Andover is a town in
History
Establishment and incorporation
In 1634, the Massachusetts General Court set aside a portion of land in what is now Essex County for an inland plantation, including parts of what is now Andover, North Andover and South Lawrence.[10] In order to encourage settlement, early colonists were offered three years' immunity from taxes, levies, and services (apart from military service). The first permanent settlement in the Andover area was established in 1642 by John Woodbridge and a group of settlers from Newbury and Ipswich.
Shortly after they arrived, they purchased land from the Massachusett sachem Cutshamekin for "six pounds of currency and a coat" on the condition that a local company of indigenous people headed by a man named Roger be allowed to plant corn and take alewives from a local water source.[9] Roger's Brook, a small stream which cuts through the eastern part of town, is named in his honor.[9]
In May 1646 the settlement was incorporated
The old burying ground in what is now North Andover marks the center of the early town. Contrary to popular belief, the towns split due to the location of the Old North Church, also located in what is now North Andover. The villagers from the southwestern part of the town were tired of walking all the way to the extreme north of what was then Andover and decided to build their own South Church central to what is now Andover.
Witchcraft
During the 1692
The two parishes and the division of the town
By 1705, Andover's population had begun to move southward and the idea of a new meeting house in the south end of town was proposed. This was strongly opposed by the people living near the original meeting house in the north, but the dispute was finally settled in 1709 when the Great and General Court divided Andover into two parishes, North and South. After the division of the two parishes, South Andover established the South Church and South Parish "Burying-Yard," as it was called, with early Andover settler Robert Russell the first to be interred at age 80 in December 1710.[13] But despite this split, the town remained politically one unit.
For many years, Andover was geographically one of the largest towns in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts; in 1826 a third parish was established and West Parish Church was constructed on Reservation Road.
In 1855, Andover divided into two separate political units according to the old parish boundaries.
Andover in the American Revolutionary War
Records show that on the morning of April 19, 1775, approximately 350 Andover men marched toward
Among the Andover men who were representatives to the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention of 1779–1780 were Colonel Samuel Osgood, Zebadiah Abbot, John Farnum and Samuel Phillips Jr. Phillips—who had founded Phillips Academy in 1778—was later appointed by John Adams to help draft the Massachusetts state constitution.
During the burning of Charlestown (June 17, 1775) Andover townspeople hiked to the top of Holt Hill to witness it.[14] Holt Hill is the highest point in Essex County at 420 ft (130 m) and is currently part of the Charles W. Ward Reservation.[15]
Post-Revolution Andover
In November 1798, David Brown led a group in Dedham, Massachusetts, in setting up a liberty pole with the words, "No Stamp Act, No Sedition Act, No Alien Bills, No Land Tax, downfall to the Tyrants of America; peace and retirement to the President; Love Live the Vice President," referring to then-President John Adams and Vice President Thomas Jefferson. Brown was arrested in Andover, but because he could not afford the $4,000 bail, he was taken to Salem for trial. Brown was tried in June 1799. Brown wanted to plead guilty but Justice Samuel Chase wanted him to name everybody who had helped him or who subscribed to his writings. Brown refused, was fined $480, and sentenced to eighteen months in prison, the most severe sentence then imposed under the Alien and Sedition Acts.[16]
Death of President-elect Pierce's son
On January 4, 1853, Benjamin "Bennie" Pierce, the 11-year-old son of President-elect
American Civil War
The anti-slavery movement had many supporters in Andover long before the Civil War began. William Jenkins - an ardent abolitionist and friend of William Lloyd Garrison - and several others provided stops on the Underground Railroad for runaway slaves. Harriet Beecher Stowe, author of Uncle Tom's Cabin, was a longtime resident. Her home, known as Stowe House, is now owned by Phillips Academy. Her body is buried in Phillips Academy's cemetery. When the Confederate Army shelled Fort Sumter in 1861, a company of 79 volunteers formed. By the time the war ended in 1865, six hundred Andover men had served in the Union Army.
Shawsheen Village
In 1919, the
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 32.1 square miles (83.2 km2), of which 31.0 square miles (80.3 km2) is land and 1.1 square miles (2.9 km2) (3.49%) is water. Significant water areas include the Shawsheen River, Fosters Pond, Pomps Pond, and Haggetts Pond, located in west Andover, which serves as the town's reservoir. Haggetts Pond was originally set apart from other waters, but since the late 1990s has had waters added from the Merrimack River, which constitutes half of the town's northern border, to supplement the growing needs of the town. Andover is also home to the Harold Parker State Forest, the Trustees of Reservations' Charles W. Ward Reservation, as well as a very small portion of Lawrence's Den Rock Park. The town's Conservation Commission and privately non-profit A.V.I.S. (Andover Village Improvement Society) together own around 3000 acres in the town. Other notable reservations in the town include the Harold R. Rafton Reservation and the Deer Jump Reservation (along the banks of the Merrimack). The town is home to many glacial features including drumlins, eskers, and glacial erratics.
Andover's town center is located approximately four miles south of the center of
Climate
In a typical year, Andover, Massachusetts temperatures fall below 50 °F (10 °C) for 195 days per year. Annual precipitation is typically 44.6 inches per year (high in the US) and snow covers the ground 62 days per year or 17.0% of the year (high in the US). It may be helpful to understand the yearly precipitation by imagining 9 straight days of moderate rain per year. The humidity is below 60% for approximately 25.4 days or 7.0% of the year.[20]
Transportation
Andover is the location of the intersection of
Andover has two stops,
Demographics
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1790 | 2,863 | — |
1800 | 2,941 | +2.7% |
1810 | 3,164 | +7.6% |
1820 | 3,889 | +22.9% |
1830 | 4,530 | +16.5% |
1840 | 5,207 | +14.9% |
1850 | 6,945 | +33.4% |
1860 | 4,765 | −31.4% |
1870 | 4,873 | +2.3% |
1880 | 5,169 | +6.1% |
1890 | 6,142 | +18.8% |
1900 | 6,813 | +10.9% |
1910 | 7,301 | +7.2% |
1920 | 8,268 | +13.2% |
1930 | 9,969 | +20.6% |
1940 | 11,122 | +11.6% |
1950 | 12,437 | +11.8% |
1960 | 17,134 | +37.8% |
1970 | 23,695 | +38.3% |
1980 | 26,370 | +11.3% |
1990 | 29,151 | +10.5% |
2000 | 31,247 | +7.2% |
2010 | 33,201 | +6.3% |
2020 | 36,569 | +10.1% |
2022 | 36,363 | −0.6% |
Source: United States census records and Population Estimates Program data.[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]1790–1840[31][a][32] |
As of the
There were 11,305 households, out of which 40.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.6% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a woman whose husband does not live with her, and 24.9% were non-families. 21.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.24.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 28.8% under the age of 18, 4.7% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 26.8% from 45 to 64, and 12.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.9 males.
According to a 2012 estimate,[33] the median income for a household in the town was $118,324, the median family income was $144,685. Males with full-time year-round jobs had a median income higher than $100,000; for females, the median was $62,532. The per capita income for the town was $53,378. 2.6% of families and 4.2% of the population, including 3.7% of people aged under 18 years and 5.8% of people aged 65 and over, were below the poverty line.
Andover had 217 residents who filed as making at least $1 million (~$1.34 million in 2023) in 2011, accounting for one millionaire per every 157 people.[34] The average income for millionaires in Andover was $2,441,000.[35] Using income and other demographic data, Andover ranked 37 out of 490 in a ranking of wealthiest zipcodes in Massachusetts.[36]
Economy
There are several companies headquartered in Andover. One of many companies,
Internal Revenue Service (IRS) has the Andover Campus service center, which for many years accepted tax forms from several neighboring states. With increasing rates of e-filing, that function was threatened with phase-out in 2009.[37] The federal employees' union, NTEU, in mid-2009 pushed for special consideration under the Troubled Asset Relief Program for employees threatened with losing jobs.[38] In late 2009, the U.S. General Services Administration received money through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 to fund the $85 million green modernization of the 1967 building complex.[39]
Government
Local Government | |
---|---|
Town Manager :
|
Andrew P. Flanagan[4] |
Town Clerk: | Austin Simko [40] |
Select Board: | Alexander J. Vispoli Christian C. Huntress Ann W. Gilbert Laura M. Gregory Melissa Danisch |
School Committee :
|
See Andover Public Schools |
Legislature: | Open Town Meeting |
Town Moderator: | Sheila Doherty[40] |
Public safety
Law enforcement
The Andover Police Department provides full-time general law enforcement for the town. The town is also served by Troop A of the Massachusetts State Police, operating out of the Andover barracks (A-1).
Fire/EMS
Andover Fire-Rescue provides full-time fire and emergency medical services for Andover. The department has three full-time stations and maintains 4 engines, 2 ladder trucks, 4 ambulances, and 2 forest fire units, as well as miscellaneous vehicles.[41]
2018 gas leaks and explosions
On September 13, 2018, several gas lines suffered leakage due to high pressure in the tubes of Columbia Gas of Massachusetts, a subsidiary of NiSource. As a result, several fires and explosions occurred, and homes were evacuated. At the conclusion of the event, over 70 houses suffered from gas-related explosions in the Andover-Lawrence area. Dozens of people were injured and one 18-year-old Lawrence resident was killed.[42]
Arts and culture
Points of interest
- many famous alumni.
- The Addison Gallery of American Art on the Phillips Academy campus is open to the public.
- The Andover Inn, an inn on the Phillips Academy campus.
- Andover is the site of a large factory owned by Patriot Missile.
- Chandler-Bigsby-Abbot House, built in 1673, is the oldest house in Andover.
- Andover is home to the second oldest land preservation society in the country, the Andover Village Improvement Society (AVIS), which controls over 1,100 acres (4.5 km2).
- Dundee Park, a historical mill district and current business park
- Lebanon maintains an honorary consulate on North Main Street, near the Lawrence line near the Andover train station.
- Harold Parker State Forest is located on the border between Andover, Middleton and North Reading.
Education
Public schools
- Preschools – Shawsheen Preschool Program
- Elementary Schools (K–5): Bancroft, West Elementary, South, Sanborn, High Plain
- Middle Schools (6–8): Doherty, West Middle, Wood Hill
- High Schools (9–12): Andover High School
- Greater Lawrence Technical School, serves grades 9–12
Private schools
- Saint Augustine's Catholic School, serves grades K–8
- The Pike School, serves grades Pre-K–9
- Phillips Academy, serves grades 9–12 (Post-Grad)
- Andover School of Montessori
Higher education
Notable people
- Abiel Abbot, (1770–1828), Massachusetts clergyman and author
- Robert Abisi, DJ Lost Kings
- Benjamin Abbot, teacher at Phillips Academy
- United States Congressmanfrom Massachusetts
- John Adams, teacher at Phillips Academy from 1810 through 1832
- Ed Anuff, entrepreneur and author
- Harriette Newell Woods Baker, author, over 200 short stories
- Anne Bradstreet, 17th-century poet
- Lorraine Broderick, Emmy-award winning writer
- Bill Buckner, former Red Sox player
- Steven T. Byington, American individualist anarchist
- Sumner Carruth, Civil War officer
- Michael Casey, poet
- Michael Chiklis, actor, The Shield
- Andrew Coburn, author
- Grammy Awardwinning composer, arranger, jazz pianist
- S.E. Cupp, television host, political commentator, and writer
- Ed Doherty, football coach
- Annalisa Drew, freestyle skier and Olympic athlete at the 2014 and 2018 Winter Olympics
- Barry Finegold, member of the Mass. House of Representatives (served 1996–2007)
- Dudley Fitts, educator, critic, poet and translator
- United States Congressman from New Hampshire
- Joseph Frye, brigadier general in the Continental Army
- Ryan Hanigan, former Colorado Rockies catcher
- Kara Hayward, teen actress best known for the movie Moonrise Kingdom
- Jon B. Higgins, Carnatic and Jazz musician
- Jeremiah Ingalls, early American folk composer
- Martin Johnson, lead vocalist and guitarist for band Boys Like Girls
- Howard Koh, former United States Assistant Secretary for Health for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- Priscilla Lane, actress, Arsenic and Old Lace
- Jonathan Leavitt, founder, early New York City publishing house
- Jay Leno, entertainer, The Tonight Show
- Jim Loscutoff, former Boston Celtics player
- Raphe Malik, American jazz trumpeter
- Martha Carrier, Accused Salem Witch.
- Michael Maren, film director and former journalist
- Mary McGarry Morris, prize-winning author
- Jimmy McLane, Olympic swimmer
- Paul Monette, prize-winning author
- Marcus Morton, Chief Justice (1882–1890) of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court
- Mike Mullen, United States Navy Admiral
- Bill O'Brien, NFL coach
- Samuel Osgood, United States Postmaster General under President George Washington
- Betty Ong, American Airlines Flight 11 flight attendant killed on September 11, 2001 who informed ground authorities of the initial September 11, 2001, hijackings
- E. J. Perry, Boston College and Brown quarterback
- Samuel Phillips (1690–1771), first pastor of the South Church in Andover[43]
- Salem Poor, freed slave of Andover and Revolutionary War soldier
- Jenny Powers, actress on Broadway
- Jim Rice, former left fielder for the Boston Red Sox
- Blanchard Ryan, actress, Open Water
- John Smith, mill owner and abolitionist
- Samuel Francis Smith, wrote America while a student at Andover Theological Seminary
- Harriet Beecher Stowe, author of Uncle Tom's Cabin, buried in Andover
- George L. Street, III, World War II Medal of Honor recipient
- Dan Sullivan, former NFL lineman
- Susan Tucker, recent member of the Mass. House of Representatives and the Mass. Senate
- Spenser for Hire"
- Elizabeth Stuart Phelps Ward, nineteenth-century author
- Mike Yastrzemski, professional baseball player
See also
- Ballardvale, Massachusetts
- List of municipalities in Massachusetts
- Feaster Five Road Race, an annual Thanksgiving race in Andover
- Andover, Kansas
- Andover, Hampshire, a town in England
Notes
- ^ Population up to 1850 included present-day North Andover, incorporated in 1855.
References
- ^ "The Official Website of Andover, Massachusetts". The Official Website of Andover, Massachusetts. Retrieved 2012-08-25.
- ^ "European Settlement".
- ^ a b "Timeline".
- ^ a b Date, Terry (October 15, 2015). "New town manager sworn in". The Andover Townsman. Retrieved 2020-07-11.
- Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 15th ed., 1992, Vol. 1, p. 387.
- ^ "Census - Geography Profile: Andover town, Essex County, Massachusetts". Retrieved 2021-11-07.
- ^ "Andover, Hampshire, England twinning". Andover MA Town Council. Archived from the original on 2011-05-05. Retrieved 2017-11-26.
- ^ "Andover Town Twinning". Andover Town Twinning Association. Archived from the original on 2010-11-13. Retrieved 2017-11-26.
- ^ a b c d Perley, Sidney (1912). The Indian land titles of Essex County, Massachusetts. The Library of Congress. Salem, Mass. : Essex Book and Print Club.
- ^ a b "North Andover Historical Society European Settlement". North Andover Historical Society.
- ^ "Andover History | Andover, MA". andoverma.gov. Retrieved 2019-10-09.
- ^ "Joseph Ballard Sr. & Elizabeth Phelps, and the Lacey Family/Salem Witch Trials". Family Search. Retrieved 2017-06-24.
- ^ Bailey 1880, p. 512.
- ^ Bailey 1880, pp. 95–96, "Memorials of the Early Settlers".
- ^ Trustees of Reservations. "Ward Reservation". The Trustees. Trustees of Reservations. Archived from the original on 2018-11-27. Retrieved 2018-11-27.
- ISBN 978-0-684-84871-6.
- ^ Dalton, Bill (January 17, 2013). "Death of a boy, and a presidency". Andover Townsman. Retrieved 2019-09-16.
- ^ Glatter, Hayley (January 4, 2018). "President Franklin Pierce's Train Wreck". Boston Magazine. Retrieved 2019-09-16.
- ^ "Jane Means Appleton Pierce". History Central.com. Retrieved 2006-09-24.
- ^ "Andover Massachusetts zip code". Retrieved 2023-02-23.
- ^ "Total Population (P1), 2010 Census Summary File 1". American FactFinder, All County Subdivisions within Massachusetts. United States Census Bureau. 2010.
- ^ "Massachusetts by Place and County Subdivision - GCT-T1. Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-07-12.
- ^ "1990 Census of Population, General Population Characteristics: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1990. Table 76: General Characteristics of Persons, Households, and Families: 1990. 1990 CP-1-23. Retrieved 2011-07-12.
- ^ "1980 Census of the Population, Number of Inhabitants: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1981. Table 4. Populations of County Subdivisions: 1960 to 1980. PC80-1-A23. Retrieved 2011-07-12.
- ^ "1950 Census of Population" (PDF). Bureau of the Census. 1952. Section 6, Pages 21-10 and 21-11, Massachusetts Table 6. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1930 to 1950. Retrieved 2011-07-12.
- ^ "1920 Census of Population" (PDF). Bureau of the Census. Number of Inhabitants, by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions. Pages 21-5 through 21-7. Massachusetts Table 2. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1920, 1910, and 1920. Retrieved 2011-07-12.
- ^ "1890 Census of the Population" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. Pages 179 through 182. Massachusetts Table 5. Population of States and Territories by Minor Civil Divisions: 1880 and 1890. Retrieved 2011-07-12.
- ^ "1870 Census of the Population" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1872. Pages 217 through 220. Table IX. Population of Minor Civil Divisions, &c. Massachusetts. Retrieved 2011-07-12.
- ^ "1860 Census" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1864. Pages 220 through 226. State of Massachusetts Table No. 3. Populations of Cities, Towns, &c. Retrieved 2011-07-12.
- ^ "1850 Census" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1854. Pages 338 through 393. Populations of Cities, Towns, &c. Retrieved 2011-07-12.
- ^ Tracy, Cyrus Mason (1878). Standard History of Essex County, Massachusetts. Boston: C. F. Jewett & Company. p. 67. Retrieved 2019-01-11.
- ^ "City and Town Population Totals: 2020-2022". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2023-11-23.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-07-08.
- ^ "How Many Millionaires Live in Andover?". December 31, 2014.
- ^ "The Massachusetts towns and cities with the most million-dollar earners (BBJ DataCenter) - Boston Business Journal". Archived from the original on 2015-01-23.
- ^ "The wealthiest ZIP codes in Massachusetts - Boston Business Journal". Archived from the original on 2015-01-23.
- ^ Messenger, Brian (February 20, 2009). "Kerry, Tsongas say keep IRS center in Andover open: Local lawmakers want layoffs put off until 2012". Eagle-Tribune. Retrieved 2012-10-11..
- ^ "NTEU attempts to save jobs for 1,500 IRS employees". accountingweb. May 14, 2009. Retrieved 2012-10-11..
- ^ "GSA and Columbia Construction progressing with IRS' Andover Campus modernization". New England Real Estate Journal. December 24, 2010. Retrieved 2012-10-11..
- ^ a b "Gregory, Conoscenti win spots on Select Board, School Committee". The Andover Townsman. June 15, 2020. Retrieved 2020-07-11.
- ^ "Mass Fire Trucks".
- ^ BBC: Gas-related explosions set fire to homes near Boston, 14 September 2018
- ^ Mooar, George (1859). Historical Manual of the South Church in Andover, Mass. Andover, Massachusetts: Warren F. Draper. Retrieved 2018-11-26.
Sources
- Farnum, John, Moses Abbott. 1795 Map of Andover.
- Dorman, Moses. 1830 Map of Andover.
- "Andover". Essex-County History and Directory. Boston: C.A. & J.F. Wood. 1870.
- Beers, D.G. 1872 Atlas of Essex County 1872 Map of Andover. Plate 51.Andover Center. Plate 53.Lawrence South Side. Plate 48.
- Bailey, Sarah Loring (1880). Historical Sketches of Andover (Comprising the Present Towns of North Andover and Andover) Massachusetts. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and Company.
- Walker, George H. 1884 Atlas of Essex County, Massachusetts Map of Andover. Plate 110-111.Frye Village and Ballardville, Andover. Plate 112.Dove Residence Andover. Plate 107.Phillips Academy. Plate 113.
External links
- Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 967. .
- Town of Andover official website