Andrey Bogolyubsky

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
three-bar cross in his right hand
PatronageRussian NBC Protection Troops

Andrey Bogolyubsky (died 28 June 1174;[1] Russian: Андрей Ю́рьевич Боголюбский, romanized: Andrey Yuryevich Bogolyubsky, lit. Andrey Yuryevich of Bogolyubovo), was Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1157[2] until his death. During repeated internecine wars between the princely clans, Andrey accompanied his father Yuri Dolgorukiy during a brief capture of Kiev in 1149; 20 years later, he led the Sack of Kiev (1169),[3][4] and made efforts to elevate Vladimir on the Klyazma as the new capital of Kievan Rus'.[5] He was canonized as a saint in the Russian Orthodox Church in 1702.[6]

Biography

Andrey Bogolyubsky was born ca. 1111,[

Kiev).[citation needed
]

Career

Andrey left Vyshgorod in 1155 and moved to

Volga Bolgars;[3] he won a victory, but a son was killed in battle, to whose memory he ordered the construction of the Church of the Intercession on the Nerl in 1165.[9]

In 1169 Andrey's troops sacked Kiev, devastating it as never before.[4][10] After plundering the city,[11] stealing much religious artwork, which included the Byzantine "Mother of God" icon.[12] Andrey appointed his brother Gleb as prince of Kiev, in an attempt to unify his lands with Kiev.[13] Following his brother's death in 1171, Andrey became embroiled in a two-year war to maintain control over Kiev, which ended in his defeat.[13]

Andrey established for himself the right to receive tribute from the populations of the

Assumption Cathedral,[14] the Church of the Intercession on the Nerl,[15] and other churches and monasteries. Under his leadership Vladimir was much enlarged, and fortifications were built around the city.[16]

Death

In this 15th-century Radziwiłł Chronicle miniature, Andrey Bogolyubsky's left arm is cut off by his assassins,[17] although the texts claim his "right hand" was cut off.[17][18] A 1965 autopsy of Andrey's body confirmed the left arm showed many cut marks.[18]

During Andrey's reign, the Vladimir-Suzdal principality achieved significant power, and it became the strongest among the Kievan Rus' principalities.[citation needed] The expansion of his princely authority, and his conflicts with the upper nobility, the boyars, gave rise to a conspiracy that resulted in Bogolyubsky's death on the night of 28–29 June 1174, when twenty of them burst into his chambers and slew him in his bed.[12]

According to the story of Andrey Bogolyubsky's death as recorded in the Kievan Chronicle of the Hypatian Codex (Ipatiev),[18] and the Radziwiłł Chronicle,[17] his "right hand" was cut off[18][17] by an assailant called "Peter" (Петръ):

However, the Radziwiłł Chronicle's adjoining miniature depicts his assailants cutting off his left arm.[17] Moreover, when Dmitry Gerasimovich Rokhlin [ru] examined the exhumed body of Andrey Bogolyubsky in 1965, he "found a lot of cut marks on the left humerus and forearm bones".[18] A 2009 special historical study by Russian historian A.V. Artcikhovsky (2009) would later confirm Rokhlin's observations.[18]

Descendants

With his wife, Andrey Bogolyubsky had one son, Yury Bogolyubsky, who became the husband of Queen Tamar of Georgia.[citation needed]

Legacy

Gallery

See also

References

  1. ^ Martin 2007, p. 112.
  2. ^ Martin 2007, p. xv.
  3. ^ a b c Martin 2007, p. xvi.
  4. ^ a b Plokhy 2006, p. 42.
  5. ^ a b Andrew I at the Encyclopædia Britannica "Andrew made Vladimir the centre of the grand principality and placed a series of his relatives on the now secondary princely throne of Kiev. Later he also compelled Novgorod to accept a prince of his choice. In governing his realm, Andrew not only demanded that the subordinate princes obey him but also tried to reduce the traditional political powers of the boyars (i.e., the upper nobility) within his hereditary lands. In response, his embittered courtiers formed a conspiracy and killed him."
  6. ^ "АНДРЕЙ ЮРЬЕВИЧ БОГОЛЮБСКИЙ". www.pravenc.ru. Retrieved 2022-05-29.
  7. ^ a b c Martin 2007, p. 92.
  8. ISBN 978-0-465-05091-8
    .
  9. ^ Martin 2007, p. 94.
  10. ISBN 9780521548113
    .
  11. ^ "Russian Rulers: Andrey Yurievich Bogolyubsky", Russia the Great, retrieved August 7, 2007
  12. ^ a b Martin 1995, p. 100.
  13. ^ a b Pelenski 1988, p. 776.
  14. ISBN 9781317973256
    .
  15. ISBN 9780300109122
    .
  16. ^ a b Martin 1995, p. 84.
  17. ^ a b c d e "Отсечение левой руки (!) и убийство Андрея Юрьевича Боголюбского заговорщиками-боярами при активном участии злокозненной жены князя". Runivers. Retrieved 19 May 2023.
  18. ^ a b c d e f Marquez-Grant & Fibiger 2011, p. 495.
  19. ^ Izbornyk 1908, pp. 578–602.
  20. ^ Iroshnikov, Kukushkina & Lurie 1989, p. 138.
  21. ^ ""Bogolyubov" Icon of the Mother of God". Orthodox Church in America. Retrieved 22 June 2021.

Bibliography

Primary sources

Literature

External links
Preceded by
Yury Dolgoruky
 Grand Prince of Vladimir Succeeded by
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrey_Bogolyubsky&oldid=1217025774"