Andrzej Wajda
Andrzej Wajda | |
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National Film School in Łódź | |
Occupation(s) | Film director, theatre director |
Years active | 1951–2016 |
Spouses |
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Awards |
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Signature | |
Andrzej Witold Wajda (Polish:
He is considered one of the world's most renowned filmmakers,[5] whose works chronicled his native country's political and social evolution[6] and dealt with the myths of Polish national identity offering insightful analyses of the universal element of the Polish experience – the struggle to maintain dignity under the most trying circumstances.
Four of his films have been nominated for the
Early life
Wajda was born in
Early career
After Wajda's apprenticeship to director Aleksander Ford, Wajda was given the opportunity to direct his own film. A Generation (1955) was his first major film. At the same time Wajda began his work as a director in theatre, including Michael V. Gazzo's A Hatful of Rain (1959), Hamlet (1960), and Two for the Seesaw (1963) by William Gibson. Wajda made two more increasingly accomplished films, which developed further the anti-war theme of A Generation: Kanał (1957) (Special Jury Prize at Cannes Film Festival in 1957, shared with Bergman's The Seventh Seal) and Ashes and Diamonds (1958) with Zbigniew Cybulski.[13]
While capable of turning out mainstream commercial fare (often dismissed as "trivial" by critics), Wajda was more interested in works of
In 1967, Cybulski was killed in a train accident, whereupon the director articulated his grief with Everything for Sale[18] (1968), considered one of his most personal films, using the technique of a film-within-a-film to tell the story of a film maker's life and work. The following year he directed an ironic satire Hunting Flies[19] with the script written by Janusz Głowacki and a short television film called Przekładaniec based on a screenplay by Stanisław Lem.[20]
Artistic recognition
The 1970s were the most prolific artistic period for Wajda, who made over ten films:
Wajda continued to work in theatre, including
Wajda's later commitment to Poland's burgeoning
In 1983, he directed
Career after 1990
In 1990, Andrzej Wajda was honoured by the
A year later, at the
Wajda followed it with
Wajda founded The Japanese Centre of Art and Technology in Kraków in 1994. In 2002, he founded and led his own film school with Polish filmmaker Wojciech Marczewski. Students of Wajda School take part in different film courses led by famous European film makers.[35]
Personal life and death
Wajda was married four times. His third wife was actress Beata Tyszkiewicz with whom he had a daughter, Karolina (born 1967). His fourth wife was the theatre costume designer and actress Krystyna Zachwatowicz.[36]
In September 2009, Wajda called for the release of director Roman Polanski after Polanski was arrested in Switzerland in relation to his 1977 charge for drugging and raping a 13-year-old girl.[37]
Wajda died in
Awards and honours
- 2012: Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary;[40]
- 2011: Order of Three Stars (Latvia);[41]
- 2010:
- 2008: Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise (Ukraine),[45] Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana (Estonia);[46]
- 2007: Nomination for an Academy Award for Katyń;
- 2006: Order for Merits to Lithuania;[47]
- 2006: Honorary Golden Bear for lifetime achievement at the 56th Berlin International Film Festival;[33]
- 2005: Gold Medal for Merit to Culture – Gloria Artis;[48]
- 2001: Commander's Cross of Legion d'Honneur of the French Republic,[49] Great Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, Doctor Honoris Causa of the Moscow State Academy of Choreography;
- 2000: Academy Honorary Award from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences;[50]
- 2000: Warsaw Academy of Fine Arts, Order of Merit of the Italian Republic;[51]
- 1999: Grand Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta, Freedom Award for film-making and for "unparalleled commitment to freedom" at the Freedom Film Festival in Berlin, the Crystal Iris for life achievement at the National Film Festival in Brussels;
- 1997: Berlin Film Festival (1996); Best Director Award for Miss Nobody at the 13th Festroia International Film Festival, Portugal;
- 1997: Honourable Mention at the 47th Berlin International Film Festival for Miss Nobody;[52]
- 1996: Silver Bear for an outstanding artistic contribution at the 46th Berlin International Film Festival for Wielki tydzień;[53]
- 1995: Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium, Witkacy Prize – Critics' Circle Award of the Polish ITI Centre for the promotion of the Polish theatre abroad and Doctor Honoris Causa of the Lumière University Lyon 2 in Lyon, France;
- 1994: Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (France);
- 1990: European Felix Award for life achievement and an outstanding achievement and artistic conduct at the Cannes International Film Festival;
- 1989: Doctor Honoris Causa of the Jagiellonian University;
- 1988: Nomination for the Golden Bear at the 38th Berlin International Film Festival for Les Possédés;[54]
- 1987: Kyoto Prize of the Japanese Inamori Foundation for contribution to the development of science, technology and ideas;[55]
- 1986: The Luigi Pirandello Award for activity and achievement in the area of theatre;
- 1985: Herder Prize for contribution to strengthening cultural relations with nations of Eastern and Southern Europe;
- 1983: César Award of the French Academy of Film Art and Technology for Danton;
- 1982: Onassis FoundationAward for work for human rights and dignity;
- 1981: Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival for Man of Iron;
- 1981: Nomination of an Academy Award for Man of Iron;
- 1981: Doctor Honoris Causa of the University of Washington;
- 1980: FIPRESCI and Basque Cultural Society awards at the San Sebastián International Film Festival for The Orchestra Conductor;
- 1979: Golden Lions at the 6th Cannes International Film Festival for Without Anesthesia, Life Achievement Award at the La Rochelle International Film Festival and Order of Saints Cyril and Methodiusfor contribution to the development of Polish-Bulgarian cultural co-operation;
- 1979: Nomination for an Academy Award for The Maids of Wilko;
- 1978: Golden Lions at the 5th Gdynia Film Festival for Without Anesthesia, Jury Award and Best Director Award at the 18th Cartagena Film Festival (Colombia) for Promised Land;
- 1976: Journalists Award at the 3rd Valladolid Film Festival;
- 1975: Golden Prize at the 9th Moscow International Film Festival for The Promised Land.;[56]
- 1975: Nomination for an Academy Award for The Promised Land;
- 1973: Silver Shell at the San Sebastian International Film Festival for directing The Wedding;
- 1964: Officer's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta;[57]
- 1959: Jury and FIPRESCI Award at the Venice Film Festival for Ashes and Diamonds, Knight's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta;
- 1957: Special
Filmography
See also
- Cinema of Poland
- List of Polish-language films
- Museum of Communism, Poland
- List of Poles
- List of Polish Academy Award winners and nominees
References
- ^ Kaufman, Michael T. (10 October 2016). "Andrzej Wajda, Towering Auteur of Polish Cinema, Dies at 90". The New York Times. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ "Acclaimed Polish film director Andrzej Wajda dies aged 90". The Guardian. Agence France-Presse. 9 October 2016. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ "Venice Film Festival to Honor Polish Auteur Andrzej Wajda". The Hollywood Reporter. 22 August 2013. Retrieved 19 February 2017.
- ^ a b Natale, Richard (9 October 2016). "Andrzej Wajda, Celebrated Polish Director, Dies at 90". variety.com. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ a b "Andrzej Wajda". Retrieved 9 June 2017.
- ^ "Andrzej Wajda". Retrieved 11 June 2017.
- ^ "The 48th Academy Awards (1976) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Retrieved 18 March 2012.
- ^ "The 52nd Academy Awards (1980) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Retrieved 8 June 2013.
- ISBN 9780745662961.
- ^ Lincoln, Ross A. (10 October 2016). "Andrzej Wajda Dies: Oscar & Palme d'Or-Winning Director Was 90". deadline.com. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ "Andrzej Wajda Biography (1926?-)". Filmreference.com. Retrieved 14 August 2012.
- ^ "Andrzej Wajda – Twórca". Culture.pl. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ "Andrzej Wajda, Oscar-Winning Polish Director, Dies at 90". hollywoodreporter.com. 9 October 2016. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ "Legendary Polish director Andrzej Wajda dies". buenosairesherald.com. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ Storey, Thomas (23 October 2013). "Man of Hope: Andrzej Wajda's Solidarity Trilogy". theculturetrip.com. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ design, Tomasz Wygoda – code, Katarzyna Lezenska – content, Belin Czechowicz -. "Andrzej Wajda. Official Website of Polish movie director – Films – "Siberian Lady Macbeth"". wajda.pl. Archived from the original on 2 May 2020. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Siberian Lady Macbeth". kinolorber.com. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ design, Tomasz Wygoda – code, Katarzyna Lezenska – content, Belin Czechowicz -. "Andrzej Wajda. Official Website of Polish movie director – Films – "Everything For Sale"". wajda.pl. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ design, Tomasz Wygoda – code, Katarzyna Lezenska – content, Belin Czechowicz -. "Andrzej Wajda. Official Website of Polish movie director – Films – "Hunting Flies"". wajda.pl. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "FilmPolski.pl". Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ Martin, Teena (6 March 2016). "Poland marks 90 birthday of leading filmmaker Andrzej Wajd". spartanecho.org. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ "7th Moscow International Film Festival (1971)". MIFF. Archived from the original on 3 April 2014. Retrieved 22 December 2012.
- ^ "Movie Reviews". The New York Times. 13 December 2019.
- ^ Michael Szporer, Solidarity: The Great Workers Strike of 1980. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2012
- JSTOR 3697387.
- ^ "16th Moscow International Film Festival (1989)". MIFF. Archived from the original on 16 March 2013. Retrieved 24 February 2013.
- ^ Willard, Dan (23 November 2015). "Korczak (1990)". filmsbytheyear.com. Archived from the original on 16 October 2016. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ "miss nobody wajda – Google Search". google.com.au. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ Elley, Derek (16 March 1997). "Review: 'Miss Nobody'". variety.com. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ "Central Europe Review – Film: Wajda's Pan Tadeusz". ce-review.org. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ Storozynski, Alex (26 March 2000). "Poland's Movie Conscience: Academy Honors Andrzej Wajda for his films of freedom". The New York Daily News. p. 6. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
- ^ "Polish film-maker donates oscar to university". The Vancouver Sun. No. Final Edition. Vancouver, B.C. 7 April 2000. p. D9.
- ^ a b "Prizes & Honours 2006". Berlin International Film Festival. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ Bradshaw, Peter (18 June 2009). "Katyn". The Guardian. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ "Strona Wajda School & Studio tymczasowo niedost pna". wajdaschool.pl. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ "Krystyna Zachwatowicz-Wajda – Twórca". Culture.pl. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ "Outcry over Polanski's detention". BBC News. 28 September 2009.
- ^ "Polish film director Andrzej Wajda dies". BBC News. 10 October 2016. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ "Andrzej Wajda nie żyje. Wybitny reżyser miał 90 lat". gazeta.pl. 9 October 2016. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
- ^ "MAGYAR KÖZLÖNY" (PDF). Retrieved 3 November 2019.
- ^ "Latvijas un Polijas prezidents pārrunā ekonomisko sadarbību, enerģētikas jautājumus, sadarbību". Archived from the original on 20 April 2016. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
- ^ "Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 10.08.2010 г. № 996" (in Russian). Президент России. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
- ^ "Медведев наградил Анджея Вайду орденом Дружбы — Новости Политики. Новости@Mail.ru". 12 January 2012. Archived from the original on 12 January 2012. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
- ^ "Andrzej Wajda otrzymał Order Chorwackiej Jutrzenki". Retrieved 4 November 2019.
- ^ "Wajda nagrodzony orderem Jarosława Mądrego". Retrieved 4 November 2019.
- ^ "Teenetemärkide kavalerid". Retrieved 4 November 2019.
- ^ "LIETUVOS RESPUBLICOS PREZIDENTE". Archived from the original on 24 November 2011. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
- ^ "Gloria Artis – Złoty Medal Zasłużony Kulturze". Retrieved 4 November 2019.
- ^ "Legia Honorowa dla Andrzeja Wajdy". Retrieved 4 November 2019.
- ^ "THE 72ND ACADEMY AWARDS 2000". Retrieved 4 November 2019.
- ^ "Wajda Sig. Andrzej". Retrieved 4 November 2019.
- ^ "Berlinale: 1997 Prize Winners". berlinale.de. Archived from the original on 11 November 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
- ^ "Berlinale: 1996 Prize Winners". berlinale.de. Archived from the original on 30 June 2018. Retrieved 1 January 2012.
- ^ "Berlinale: 1988 Programme". berlinale.de. Retrieved 6 March 2011.
- ^ "Andrzej Wajda Kyoto Prize". Retrieved 4 November 2019.
- ^ "9th Moscow International Film Festival (1975)". MIFF. Archived from the original on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 4 January 2013.
- ^ "Nowiny Rzeszowskie : organ KW Polskiej Zjednoczonej Partii Robotniczej. 1964, nr 154-180 (lipiec)". Retrieved 4 November 2019.
External links
- Andrzej Wajda at IMDb
- Andrzej Wajda at the Internetowa Baza Filmowa (in Polish)
- Andrzej Wajda at the Internetowa Baza Filmu Polskiego (in Polish)
- Andrzej Wajda video at Web of Stories
- Wajda bibliography (via UC Berkeley)