Angiotensin II receptor type 1

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
AGTR1
Gene ontology
Molecular function
Cellular component
Biological process
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_177322

RefSeq (protein)

NP_796296

Location (UCSC)Chr 3: 148.7 – 148.74 MbChr 13: 30.52 – 30.57 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) is a

congestive heart failure
.

Signaling cascade

The angiotensin receptor is activated by the

adenylate cyclase in hepatocytes and activates various tyrosine kinases.[5]

Function

The AT1 receptor mediates the major cardiovascular effects of angiotensin II. Effects include

noradrenergic activity, vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation, decreased renal blood flow, renal renin inhibition, renal tubular sodium reuptake, modulation of central sympathetic nervous system activity, cardiac contractility, central osmocontrol and extracellular matrix formation.[6] The main function of angiotensin II in the brain is to stimulate drinking behavior, an effect that is mediated by the AT1 receptor.[7][8]

Clinical significance

Due to the hemodynamic pressure and volume effects mediated by AT1 receptors, AT1 receptor antagonists are widely prescribed drugs in the management of hypertension and stable heart failure.[9]

Animal studies

Elements of the renin-angiotensin system have been widely studied in a large variety of vertebrate animals including amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.[10]

AT1 receptor blockers have been shown to reduce fear memory recall in mice, but the reliability and relevance of this finding are to be determined.[11][12]

Gene

It was previously thought that a related gene, denoted as AGTR1B, existed; however, it is now believed that there is only one type 1 receptor gene in humans. At least four

transcript variants have been described for this gene. Additional variants have been described but their full-length nature has not been determined. The entire coding sequence is contained in the terminal exon and is present in all transcript variants.[13]

A huge number of polymorphisms is reported in the databases for AT1R which provide an avenue to explore these polymorphisms for their implications in protein structure, function and drug efficacy. Methods In the current study all the SNPs (10234) reported in NCBI were analyzed and SNPs which were important in protein structure and drug interactions were identified. Structures of these polymorphic forms were modeled and in silico drug interaction studies were carried out. Results Result of the interaction studies with polymorphism was in correlation with the reported case. Two SNP mutated structures of AT1R i.e. rs780860717 (G288T), rs868647200 (A182C) shows considerably less binding affinities in case of all angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs).[14]

Interactions

Angiotensin II receptor type 1 has been shown to

Mir-132 microRNA as part of an RNA silencing mechanism that reduces receptor expression.[16]

References

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000144891 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000049115 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. S2CID 27624282
    .
  6. .
  7. .
  8. .
  9. ^ "Angiotensin II receptor blocker", Wikipedia, 2022-07-26, retrieved 2022-08-10
  10. PMID 6368215
    .
  11. .
  12. .
  13. ^ "Entrez Gene: AGTR1 angiotensin II receptor, type 1".
  14. S2CID 225071659
    .
  15. .
  16. ^ Elton TS, Kuhn DE, Malana GE, Martin MM, Nuovo GJ, Pleister AP, Feldman DS (2007). "MiR-132 Regulates Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Expression Through a Protein Coding Region Binding Site". Circulation. 118 (18): S513.


Further reading

External links