Anglo-Mysore Wars
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Anglo-Mysore wars
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The Anglo-Mysore Wars were a series of four wars fought during the last three decades of the 18th century between the
Kingdom of Travancore, and the Kingdom of Hyderabad on the other. Hyder Ali and his succeeding son Tipu fought the wars on four fronts: with the British attacking from the west, south and east and the Nizam's forces attacking from the north.[1] The fourth war resulted in the overthrow of the house of Hyder Ali and Tipu (the latter was killed in the fourth war, in 1799), and the dismantlement of Mysore to the benefit of the East India Company, which took control
of much of the Indian subcontinent.
The four wars
First Anglo-Mysore War
The First Anglo-Mysore War (1767 – 1769) Hyder Ali enjoy some measure of success against the British, almost capturing Madras. The British convinced Nizam Mir Nizam Ali Khan to attack Ali. That was temporary, however, the Nizam signed a new treaty with the British in February 1768. Ali had to contend with a British Bombay army attacking on the west and a Madras army attacking from the northeast. However, Hyder's attack towards Madras resulted in the Madras government suing for peace, and the resultant Treaty of Madras.[1]
Second Anglo-Mysore War
The
Gajendragad in April 1787 ended the conflict with the Marathas. Warren Hastings (1772-1785) was Governor-General of India during the Second Anglo- Mysore War. [1]
Third Anglo-Mysore War
In the
British East India Company
and its allies.
Fourth Anglo-Mysore war
The
Seringapatam, was restored to the Indian prince Yuvaraja Krishnaraja Wadiyar III (later Maharaja Krishnaraja Wadiyar III) under his grandmother's regency; members of the Wodeyar dynasty had been in power before Ali became the de facto ruler. The Wodeyars ruled the remnant Kingdom of Mysore until 1947, when it joined the Dominion of India
.
Aftermath
After the Battles of
Burmese
would last well into the 1880s.
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The First and the Second Anglo-Mysore War. -
-
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1793 map -
1800 map
Rockets
The Mysorean rockets used by
Battle of Pollilur were much more advanced than any that the British East India Company had previously seen, chiefly because of the use of iron tubes for holding the propellant. This enabled higher thrust and a longer range for the missile (up to 2 kilometres (1.2 mi)). After Tipu's eventual defeat in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War and the capture of a number of Mysorean iron rockets, they were influential in British rocket development, inspiring the Congreve rocket, which was soon put into use in the Napoleonic Wars.[2]
See also
- Mysorean invasion of Malabar
- Battle of Nedumkotta
- Regiment de Meuron
- Garrison Cemetery, Seringapatam
References
- ^ ISBN 978-81-313-0034-3.
- ^ Narasimha, Roddam (May 1985). Rockets in Mysore and Britain, 1750–1850 A.D. (PDF). Bangalore, India: National Aeronautical Laboratory and Indian Institute of Science. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2012.
Further reading
- Brittlebank, Kate (1997). Tipu Sultan's Search for Legitimacy: Islam and Kingship in a Hindu Domain. Delhi: Oxford University Press.
- Cooper, Randolf G. S. (September 2005). "Culture, Combat, and Colonialism in Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century India". S2CID 154707328.
- Jaim, H. M. Iftekhar; Jaim, Jasmine (Autumn 2011). "The Decisive Nature of the Indian War Rocket in the Anglo-Mysore Wars of the Eighteenth Century". Arms & Armour. 8 (2): 131–138. S2CID 161374846.
- Kaliamurthy, G. (1987). Second Anglo-Mysore War (1780–84). Mittal Publications.
- Roy, Kaushik (2011). War, Culture and Society in Early Modern South Asia, 1740–1849. Taylor & Francis.
- Gidwani, Regan S. (2014). The Sword of Tipu Sultan. – a novel linked to TV series