History of LGBT characters in animation: 2000s

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The depiction of LGBTQ characters in Western animated series in the 2000s changed significantly from the

American Dad,[3] bro'Town, W.I.T.C.H., The Venture Bros., Rick & Steve: The Happiest Gay Couple in All the World, Moral Orel, Lizzy the Lezzy
, and many others would include LGBTQ characters.

Trends

There was under-representation of gay characters through the Fall 2000 television season for all broadcast shows, with trend continuing until at least 2003.

American Dad, Sit Down, Shut Up, The Goode Family, Rick & Steve: The Happiest Gay Couple in All the World, and Drawn Together, even as they had their reservations about existing LGBTQ+ characters on television.[9] In later years, GLAAD painted a bleaker picture, noting that no black LGBT characters were regular characters[10] on television networks, again noting American Dad,[11] The Simpsons,[12] and Rick & Steve: The Happiest Gay Couple in All the World.[13] They stated that most animated LGBT characters were on FOX, lamenting that while South Park historically had LGBT characters and storylines, it could be "hit or miss" like Family Guy.[14]

Animation for adults

See also: List of animated series with LGBT characters: 2000–2004 and List of animated series with LGBT characters: 2005–2009

The 2000s saw various animated series targeted primarily to adults on

Fox, FXX, Comedy Central, Adult Swim
, and other platforms.

Fox and FX

A gay pedophile named Herbert was first introduced in the 2001 Family Guy episode "To Love and Die in Dixie". He was described by his voice actor Mike Henry as an "old man who likes Chris" and often makes "inappropriate, sexually tinged comments to teenage boys."[15][16]

From June 2001 to September 2004,

Fox Family Channel. The show included a secondary canon gay character named Mark "Dion" Jones.[17][18]

In January 2002, The Simpsons continued teasing of the sexual orientation of Smithers as he rode a float called "Stayin’ in the Closet!" during the annual gay pride parade in Springfield in the episode "Jaws Wired Shut".[19]

In April 2002, the

Bug Gribble and Juan Pedro. The show also had Bobby Hill as a character interested in high-camp show business while Bill Dauterive wears "pretty dresses."[20] The episode with Gribble and Pedro, entitled "My Own Private Rodeo", which was nominated for a GLAAD Media Award.[21]

In April 2003, The Simpsons episode, "Three Gays of the Condo" aired. It introduced a stereotypical on-and-off-again gay couple, Grady and Julio.[22] Homer meets them when he moves into Springfield's gay district, after an argument with Marge. Later, after Springfield legalized gay marriage, Homer becomes ordained as a minister and marries Grady and Julio, in the episode "There's Something About Marrying", and talks about the segmented state of gay marriage in America in his speech as minister.[23] Grady even tries to date Smithers as shown in the 2016 episode "The Burns Cage."[24] At another point,

In July 2003, the Futurama episode "Bend Her" would air on FOX. While some praised this episode, Bender cross-dresses as a female robot under the name of Coilette to participate in the fembot league of the Earth 3004 Olympic Games where he claims five gold medals in the competition, other criticized it. [18] Critics argued hat the episode furthered the narrative that trans women are deceptive, coupled with the hurtful language and imagery" which surrounds the physical transition process Bender undergoes.[25] The show also had one-time LGBTQ+ characters like Enos Fry and Old Man Waterfall who were killed off before the end of their respective episodes.[26][27]

A life-sized costume of Roger holding Klaus at Comic-Con in 2008

On February 6, 2005, the series

Threat Levels" would introduce Greg Corbin and Terry Bates. They would be shown to be a gay couple and would be regular characters for many years during the show's run.[32][33][34]

On February 20, 2005, Patty Maleficent, the sister of Marge Simpson, came out as lesbian in the Simpsons episode "There's Something About Marrying". She was described by animation and popular culture scholar Jo Johnson as a character, considered by the show, as a "better candidate for 'outing' than Wayland Smithers," and that her lesbianism is explained by her "inability to find an eligible man in Springfield."[35] At the end of the episode, she declares, after finding out the person she had been trying to enter a relationship with is a man, that she likes girls, which Johnson described as "subversive" move by the show.[36] However, in the episode, when she came out as lesbian, her family initially didn't support her but they eventually came around and supported her.[37] Some criticized her character as a "background gay character," but not like characters such as Ren and Stimpy in the cartoon of the same name which were confirmed as gay outside the show's universe.[38]

In January 2006, a Family Guy episode, "Brian Sings and Swings", would feature featured a one-time lesbian character named Sarah who mistakes Meg's sentences as invitations to have sex.[39][40]

In February 2006, in "

sex reassignment surgery.[22]

In April 2006, in the Family Guy episode "You May Now Kiss the... Uh... Guy Who Receives", Jasper, the gay cousin of the series protagonist, Brian Griffin, is prominently featured.[41]

From April to November 2009, Sit Down, Shut Up aired on FOX. In the show, one character, Andrew, is a flamboyant, and bisexual, Latino drama teacher whose last name in Spanish roughly translates to "he likes both", a reference to his sexual orientation.[42] He is in love with Larry Littlejunk and Miracle Grohe, with whom he hopes to get into a relationship should they become a couple.

In August 2009, Stewie Griffin would be described by the creator of Family Guy Seth MacFarlane as "gay or a very unhappy repressed heterosexual."[43] [14] A few years earlier, the Stewie Griffin: The Untold Story direct-to-DVD film, broadcast on the FOX network in May 2006, would have Stewie explore his identity.[44] Some media critics noted the "cross-species marriage" between Brian's Cousin and a human lover, but stated that Stewie is the "most interesting" portrayal of homosexuality in the series.[45]

In September 2009,

First World War, but it has not been specified whether he has ever had any sexual feelings for anyone since Reggie's death.[49] Later his voice actor, George Coe passed away, the show did a tribute to Woodhouse,[50] who later had a funeral, becoming a plot thread followed up on in the show's eighth season.[51]

Adult Swim

From April 2001 to October 2002, The Oblongs, aired, first on The WB, then on Adult Swim. The series included a trans woman named Anna Bidet as a character.[18]

Colonel Horace Gentleman was openly, and proudly, gay.[52]
However, he has an ex-wife, Mz. Quymn, as indicated in the episode "Dr. Quymn, Medicine Woman," and former a lover, Kiki, shown in the episode "Past Tense," who he lived with at his home in Tangiers, Morocco for years.

Scott Adsit in 2010; Adsit voiced Stopframe in the third season of Moral Orel. Jay Johnston had voiced Stopframe in seasons 1 and 2.

In December 2005, in the first episode of

Clay,[54]
and would even have sex with three women and a dog in the episode "The Blessed Union."

In February 2006, in the Moral Orel episode "The Blessed Union,"

Stephanie Foamwire-Putty first appeared. She would be a lesbian character in unrequited love with her old high school best friend, Kim Latchkey.[53]

In September 2006,

The Alchemist first appeared in an episode of The Venture Bros., where he began his on-again, off-again relationship with Shore Leave. According to the show creators, The Alchemist is gay in a way that is "just incidental" while Shore Leave is a very "openly swishy queer proud guy."[52]

In the July 2008 episode of The Venture Bros., "Dr. Quymn, Medicine Woman," Virginia "Ginnie" Dunne, who is Dr. Quymn's bodyguard, is shown to be a lesbian[55] who is trying to convert Dr. Quymn. She is also very masculine and a reported "man-hater.".[56]

In September 2008, Superjail! first broadcast on Adult Swim. One of the protagonists would be Alice, a hulking and muscular head prison guard of Superjail and a trans woman[57] who regularly engages in sadomasochistic rituals with the prisoners. Other characters in the series included Jean Baptiste Le Ghei and Paul Guaye, inmates and a recurring couple as shown in the episode "Superbar" and others. In an interview with the creators of the show, co-creator Christy Karacas called them well-rounded characters, who are a couple, with Paul as more feminine and intelligent than Jean who is "the bad boy."[58]

Comedy Central

In the June 2001, the

pedophile he rejects the opportunity to retake the role, citing the rights of parents to protect their children from those they expect as friends, which some say proves that he will not confirm to "masculinist expectations and assumptions" and will remain a "Big (Queer) Al without apology or compromise." It is also pointed out, though that Al channels ideas of his heterosexual creators, and he was described as a "round, effeminate, oversexed, and scrupulously manicured dance hall queen" who acquiesces to the abuses of heterosexism.[59]

In November 2002, in the South Park episode "

hyper-masculine men, even as he lips every expression and is "more effeminate than Big Gay Al." Keller would also state that his gender identity is incoherent, but that he rejects Garrison after Garrison transitions, and even describes himself as "born a whore."[61] He would be, for part of the series, Mr. Slave would be the boyfriend of Herbert Garrison.[62] Mr. Slave is married to Big Gay Al, as of the episode, "Follow That Egg".[63] The episode would be criticized for suggesting that politicians vote on their consciences rather than their constituency on controversial issues, that there is no scientific evidence on gay parenting, and the fact that Colorado does not recognize gender reassignment, as the sexually reassigned remain the gender of their birth.[64]

Garrison, himself, would be, in the series, originally presented as a

sex reassignment surgery, and his breasts are a subject or ridicule, with the monstrosity trope associated with him. As such, Keller argued that episodes such as "Mr. Garrison's Fancy Vagina," "Go God Go," and "Go God Go XII" imply that when someone embraces sexual reassignment it is a "slippery slope" which will lead humanity away from a "divine plan and result in an incoherent and godless future of internecine warfare."[70] Garrison would also be described as "self-hating closet case who has a campy hand puppet named Mr. Hat."[71]

The October 2003 South Park episode "

test tube babies and other solutions sought by gay and lesbian couples which would like children. It would also be said that arguing that homosexuality can address environmental and social crises, could legitimize the contrary, and criticized the slur embodied in the episode that "homoerotic activity arises from an excess of lust."[74]

Jess Harnell in 2013. Harnell voiced Captain Leslie Hero in Drawn Together.

In November 2004, in the

Xandir and Tim, Sitting in a Tree
" aired. In the episode, Xandir has an affair with Captain Hero's gay alter ego, Tim Tommerson.

From October to November 2006, Freak Show, an adult animated series that centered on a superhero team called The Freak Squad, who also worked at a freak show, aired on Comedy Central. While the series only ran for one season, it featured a character named "Log Cabin Republican," a gay conservative whose superpower was called Burly Bear.[80]

In March 2007, the South Park episode "Cartman Sucks" premiered, introducing a one-time character, Bradley. He would have a crush on another male character, Butters.[81] It is also said that while this episode seems to be progressive, in that it shows that conversion therapy camps do more harm than good, its portrayal of this "essentializes sexuality and subsequently characterizes homosexuality as disorder or pathology," and as a genetic mistake and it suggests there is more injustice for non-gays than those in the conversion camps.[82]

Other adult animations

In 2000,

Jewish Wedding in Vermont in one episode, "Wedding Bell Blues." Melissa Duckstein, is Adam's sister, is occasionally revealed to be lesbian throughout the series.[86]
She is in a relationship with Yvette, in episodes such as "Homo for the Holidays," and the movie.

Teletoon from 2002 to 2003, featured a gay couple: the foster dads of JFK, named Wally and Carl in Clone High.[87] Two other characters, Phil and Chris would say they are gay lovers if it was "convenient."[88]

From 2004 to 2009, Brother Ken appeared in

fa'afafine. The latter is a Samoan concept for a third gender,[89] a person who is born biologically male but is raised and sees themself as female. Because the concept does not readily translate, when the series was broadcast on Adult Swim Latin America, a decision was made not to translate Samoan words and just present them as part of the "cultural journey".[90]

In 2007, a friendly and flirtatious Vietnamese trans woman, who runs a salon, named Cherry Pie, debuted in

The Nutshack, which aired on Myx TV.[91]

Also in 2007,

Filipino-American, and Steve Ball have a baby with the lesbian couple Dana and Kirsten.[93][94] Chuck Masters and Evan Martinez are a male gay couple as indicated in episodes like "Mom Fight," with Chuck helping Evan with his drug addiction.[95][96] Dana Bernstein and Kirsten Kellogg additionally have a baby with the gay couple, Rick and Steve.[93]

Two lesbian couples (Mo and Trish, Souki and Jenn) appeared in a June 19, 2009 episode of ABC's The Goode Family, "A Tale of Two Lesbians".[97][98] GLAAD praised this show, noting that Mo and Trish were recurring characters.[9]

All-ages animation

The 2000s saw the premiere of

all-ages animated series on Cartoon Network, Nickelodeon, YouTube, and other platforms, with LGBTQ characters. This included queer-coded characters in Time Squad, The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy, Static Shock, and W.I.T.C.H., along with an asexual character in SpongeBob SquarePants, a confirmed lesbian character in W.I.T.C.H. and Lizzy the Lezzy, and gay and lesbian families in Dottie's Magic Pockets. Some argued that even by the early 2000s, there was virtually no media for those under the age of 12 with "explicitly queer" characters,[99]

Cartoon Network

See also: Cartoon Network and LGBT representation § 2000s

Time Squad which aired from 2001 to 2003 on Cartoon Network, arguably had an LGBTQ character. In 2012, the voice actor of Larry 3000, Mark Hamill, implied that Larry could easily have been interpreted as gay,[100] due to his femininity and presentation as the "gay best friend" to Cleopatra in "Shop like an Egyptian", even though Larry has stated on multiple occasions he dislikes humans in general. However, the show never directly stated his sexuality. Even so, Hamill described Larry 3000 as "fierce" and "flamboyant."[101]

In the August 2005 episode of The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy, titled "One Crazy Summoner", it was revealed that Dean Toadblatt and Squidhat, were gay lovers, marrying each other in the episode. One critic noted that while you could call them Cartoon Network's "first gay couple," it was actually Steven Universe, also airing on Cartoon Network, that "broke down representation barriers" years later.[102]

In 2009, Rebecca Sugar pitched her seven-minute short for a show called Steven Universe to Cartoon Network, a show which would premiere many years later.[103] In 2010, Sugar began working on Adventure Time, starting to change CN's then-focus on "boys" programming, even during a pitch meeting for Steven Universe the year before.[104]

Other all-ages animations

See also: Disney and LGBT representation in animation § 2000s
Stephen Hillenburg holding the SpongeBob SquarePants bible in 2011

From 2000 to 2004, Static Shock aired on Kids' WB. On September 23, 2000, Richard "Richie" Osgood Foley, best friend of Static/Virgil, Richie, also known as Gear, was introduced. He was based on an openly gay character named Rick Stone from the original comic. Dwayne McDuffie, one of the show's creators, said he dealt with the homosexuality of Richie by writing him "aggressively and unconvincingly announcing his heterosexuality whenever possible...while Virgil rolled his eyes at the transparency of it" but it never came up in the show because it was rated Y-7.[105]

A

Gotham PD, appeared. It is later revealed she is a trans woman, which Batgirl discovers, and she later helps Batgirl as a result.[106][107] Batgirl is one of the only characters who knows Selma's secret.[108] She is possibly the first trans sci-fi character to appear in any "superhero production."[109]

In October 2002, in response to criticism from

gender ambiguity like Jerry and Bugs Bunny.[115]

From December 2004 to December 2006,

ABC Family, and Toon Disney, along with France 3 in France. In April 2016, Greg Weisman, the producer of Season 2, said that Irma is a lesbian, only interested in "guys that are obviously out of reach," trying to be straight, but by doing this, she is "guaranteeing that she won't have to actually wind up with a guy" and when she "comes close to landing one of them, she bolts." Even so, he left it open to interpretation, saying that this doesn't make it "impossible for her to be straight or bisexual or whatever."[116] Weisman also said that Nerissa was Cassidy's lover, killing each other when they were in a romantic relationship with one another.[117] Both began a relationship, in Weisman's words, after spending a lot of time together as teammates, and said that she "loved and mourned Cassidy."[118][119] Even so, Weisman did not correct a fan when they described Nercissa as bisexual.[116] Weisman also said that Cassidy and Nerissa were in a relationship when Nerissa killed her.[117]

In 2006, Lizzy the Lezzy premiered on Myspace, including LGBTQ+ characters like Lizzy, a lesbian.[120] The show would later air on YouTube.

In September 2007, Dottie's Magic Pockets became the first available show for children in gay and lesbian families.[121]

In February 2021, Ralph Farquhar revealed that in The Proud Family, which aired on the Disney Channel from 2001 to 2005, they had to use "code to talk about if Michael was gay, to talk about sexuality" and to be "sort of underhanded about it." He said this changed with The Proud Family: Louder and Prouder with the biggest changes to the show ere "gender identity, obviously racial identity and quote-unquote wokeness,” and said that sexuality can be "sort of in your face with it a lot more," manifesting itself in the storytelling.[122]

Animated films

In 2003,

all-girl band work together to overcome a bully. In the second segment, "Defying Gravity," Habib and Jeroux, two skateboarders, deal with homophobia after Jeroux comes out as gay.[123][124]

In 2004, a 10-minute

Down's syndrome, John and Michael, who share a loving relationship.[125]

In June 2007, the film

drama film titled Persepolis, based upon Marjane Satrapi's autobiographical graphic novel of the same name, would premiere in France. In the film, Marjane lives for some time in a communal apartment with eight gay men in Vienna, Austria.[126][127] Also, in the film, Marjane's boyfriend Fernando (named Enrique in the comic) reveals to her that he is gay.[128][129]
He thanks her because she helped him to discover his own sexuality. He states that if a relationship with her does not work out, it would not work with any other girl.

In June 2008,

polyamorous since she has five boyfriends: Fry, Chu, Ndulu, Schlomo and Bolt Rolands.[130] After Yivo, a planet-sized alien with no determinable gender, the planet-sized alien, dates, marries and breaks up with all people of the universe at once,[131] she remains in a relationship only with Yivo.[132] Some have said that Yivo may have been "the first non-binary character defined as such in animated history."[133]

In February 2009,

Sandman, Death: The Time of Your Life, Neverwhere, American Gods, and Miracleman.[139] He also confirmed that this was reflected in the movie,[140] noting a review on the movie in 2009,[141] stating that they had been called "thespians" in a Coraline musical in 2007,[142] and stated that he did not call them a couple in the text because he wanted readers to have the same experience he had "with the couple that Spink and Forcible were based on."[143]

On April 9, 2009,

comedy-drama film, began showing in Australia. One character, Damien Popodopoulos, a funny man who stutters,[144][145] leaves his wife Mary, who was previously his neighbor,[146][147] to be with his male pen friend in New Zealand.[148] The two enter into a relationship.[149]

Timeline of key events

See also

References

Citations

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Sources

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