Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
Anne of Bohemia and Hungary | |
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Archduchess consort of Austria | |
Tenure | 25 May 1521 – 27 January 1547 |
Born | Buda, Kingdom of Hungary | 23 July 1503
Died | 27 January 1547 Prague, Kingdom of Bohemia, Holy Roman Empire | (aged 43)
Burial | |
Spouse |
Ferdinand I of Germany (later Holy Roman Emperor) (m. 1521) |
Issue |
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House | Jagiellon |
Father | Vladislaus II of Hungary |
Mother | Anne of Foix-Candale |
Anna of Bohemia and Hungary (23 July 1503 – 27 January 1547),
Early life
She was the oldest child and only daughter of King
Anne was born in
Queen of Bohemia and Hungary
Louis died without a legitimate male heir after he was thrown from his horse at the conclusion of the Battle of Mohács against Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire on 29 August 1526. This left the thrones of both Bohemia and Hungary vacant. Ferdinand claimed both kingdoms and was elected king of Bohemia on 24 October of the same year with Anne as his queen.
Hungary was a more difficult case, as Suleiman had annexed much of its lands. Ferdinand was proclaimed king of Hungary by a group of nobles, but another faction of Hungarian nobles refused to allow a foreign ruler to hold that title and elected John Zápolya as an alternative king. The resulting conflict between the two rivals and their successors lasted until 1570 when John's son John Sigismund gave up the title king of Hungary in favor of Ferdinand's son Maximilian as part of the terms of the Treaty of Speyer. In 1531, Ferdinand's older brother Charles V decided Ferdinand would be his successor as Holy Roman Emperor, and Ferdinand was elected to the title King of the Romans.
Anne was entrusted by her husband with many responsibilities. During his stay in Brussels, she was appointed as Regent (Statthalterin). Together with the Bishop of Trieste, she was the Chair of his Hofrat (Court Council). In her husband's name, she presided over many Diets. She became famous for her charity and wisdom.[4]
Ferdinand at first seemed to suffer from a lack of premarital experience, but in the end the marriage proved extremely successful both personally and politically. In 1556, Charles V abdicated and Ferdinand succeeded as emperor, nine years after Anna's death. After Anna died, Ferdinand was advised to remarry several times by people around him, but he could not forget his wife and never remarried.
During Anna's life, her husband expanded the Castle of Linz to offer her more security in times of war. The Belvedere ("Queen Anne's Summer Palace"), one of the most beautiful buildings in Prague, was built for her on the grounds of Prague Castle starting in 1538.[6] It was not completed in its present form until 1565, long after her death.
Children
Name | Birth | Death | Notes |
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Elisabeth
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9 July 1526 | 15 June 1545 | Married the future King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland; no issue |
Maximilian | 31 July 1527 | 12 October 1576 | Married his first cousin Maria of Spain ; had issue
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Anna | 7 July 1528 | 16–17 October 1590 | Married Albert V, Duke of Bavaria; had issue |
Ferdinand | 14 June 1529 | 24 January 1595 | Married Anne Juliana Gonzaga ; had issue
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Maria | 15 May 1531 | 11 December 1581 | Married Wilhelm, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg ; had issue
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Magdalena | 14 August 1532 | 10 September 1590 | A nun |
Catherine | 15 September 1533 | 28 February 1572 | Married King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland; no issue |
Eleanor
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2 November 1534 | 5 August 1594 | Married William I, Duke of Mantua ; had issue
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Margaret | 16 February 1536 | 12 March 1567 | A nun |
John | 10 April 1538 | 20 March 1539 | Died in childhood |
Barbara
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30 April 1539 | 19 September 1572 | Married Alfonso II d'Este; no issue |
Charles | 3 June 1540 | 10 July 1590 | Married his niece Maria Anna of Bavaria; had issue (including Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II )
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Ursula | 24 July 1541 | 30 April 1543 | Died in childhood |
Helena | 7 January 1543 | 5 March 1574 | A nun |
Joanna | 24 January 1547 | 10 April 1578 | Married Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany ; had issue
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Ancestry
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References
- ^ Wikidata Q115749214.
- ^ a b Previte-Orton 1962, p. 922.
- ISBN 978-90-6550-394-7. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
- ISBN 978-3-205-79590-2. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
- ISBN 978-3-406-50278-1. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
- ^ Korotin 2016, p. 126.
- ^ a b Priebatsch, Felix (1908), "Wladislaw II.", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 54, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 688–696
- ^ a b c d e f Noubel, P., ed. (1877). Revue de l'Agenais [Review of the Agenais]. Vol. 4. Société académique d'Agen. pp. 496–497.
- ^ a b Casimir IV, King of Poland at the Encyclopædia Britannica
- ^ Wurzbach, Constantin von, ed. (1860). Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). Vol. 6. p. 167 – via Wikisource. .
Sources
- Henry Gardiner Adams, ed. (1857). "Wikidata Q115749214.
- Previte-Orton, C.W. (1962). The Shorter Cambridge Medieval History. Vol. II. Cambridge at the University Press.
External links
Media related to Anna of Bohemia and Hungary at Wikimedia Commons