Anti-interleukin-6

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Anti-IL-6
)

Anti-interleukin-6 agents are a class of therapeutics. Interleukin 6 is a cytokine relevant to many inflammatory diseases and many cancers.[1] Hence, anti-IL6 agents have been sought.[2][3][4][5][6] In rheumatoid arthritis they can help patients unresponsive to TNF inhibitors.[7]

The first approved medication in this class,

VEGF
.

Tocilizumab was first used in large-cell lung carcinoma. In phase I/II trial of tocilizumab in ovarian cancer EGFR pathway upregulation was observed and after inhibition of this pathway by gefitinib tumor growth was decreased both in vitro and in vivo.[10]

US FDA in 2017 for rheumatoid arthritis.[11]

Several agents are in clinical trials:

: Table1 

e.g. for rheumatoid arthritis : clazakizumab, olokizumab, sarilumab and sirukumab have all reported encouraging phase 2 results.[7] Sirukumab is in multiple phase 3 trials.[7]: Table1 

Agents in pre-clinical development include ARGX-109,[15][16] FE301,[1] and FM101.[17]

Anti-IL-6 Receptor antibodies: Treatment of Coronavirus-associated pulmonary pathology

During the COVID-19 pandemic, antagonistic antibodies against the IL-6 receptors were tested in clinical trials to assess their use in treating or preventing severe pneumonia in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Such antibodies include tocilizumab and sarilumab.[18][19][20] Antibodies against IL-6 itself, such as siltuximab, were also investigated.[21] Also: Levilimab.

Exercise induced IL-6

New research has found IL-6 to be an anti-inflammatory cytokine with multiple beneficial effects when released by contracting muscle as a

eccentric exercises are not associated with a larger increase in plasma IL-6 than exercise involving concentric “nondamaging” muscle contractions. This finding demonstrates that muscle damage is not required to provoke an increase in plasma IL-6 during exercise. In fact, eccentric exercise may result in a delayed peak and a much slower decrease of plasma IL-6 during recovery.[23] Anti-IL-6 therapies should therefore take into consideration the (beneficial) anti-inflammatory effects of myokines generally, including the now-established multiple benefits of muscle-derived Interleukin 6.[23]

IL6 and asthma

Obesity is a known risk factor in the development of severe asthma, and work has suggested that IL-6 plays a role in regulating disease severity in obesity-related asthma.[24]

Luteolin reduces IL-6 production in some neurons.[25]

References

  1. ^
    PMID 21881215
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  2. .
  3. .
  4. .
  5. ^ "Interleukin-6 – new target in the battle against Ras-induced cancers". 2007.
  6. S2CID 24296997
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  7. ^ .
  8. .
  9. ^ http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/125496s000lbl.pdf[full citation needed][permanent dead link]
  10. PMID 26854213
    .
  11. ^ FDA Gives Nod to Sarilumab for Rheumatoid Arthritis. 2017
  12. ^ "UCB Announces Start Of Phase I Study For Antibody Drug Candidate CDP6038". 2 Dec 2008.
  13. ^ "Article > UCB's RA drug does not overly impress in Phase II". Archived from the original on 2015-12-22. Retrieved 2015-07-26.[full citation needed]
  14. S2CID 45761175
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  15. ^ "ArGEN-X Wins €1.5M IWT Grant to Progress Camelid-Derived Human Antibody Pipeline". 27 Sep 2010.
  16. ^ "RuiYi (Formerly Anaphore) and arGEN-X Announce Exclusive Worldwide License Agreement for ARGX-109, a Novel anti-IL-6 Antibody" (Press release).
  17. ^ "Formatech to Donate Services to Formulate and Fill Femta Pharmaceuticals' FM101 Monoclonal Antibody under Its "Fillanthrop". 30 July 2010.
  18. ^ "Regeneron, Sanofi Launch Clinical Trial of Kevzara as Coronavirus Treatment". GEN - Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News. 2020-03-16. Retrieved 2020-04-11.
  19. ^ "ChinaXiv.org 中国科学院科技论文预发布平台". www.chinaxiv.org. Retrieved 2020-04-11.
  20. PMID 35315395
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  21. ^ "EUSA Pharma initiates study of siltuximab to treat Covid-19 patients". Clinical Trials Arena. 2020-03-19. Retrieved 2020-04-11.
  22. PMID 9130176
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  23. ^ .
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