Anti-fracking movement
The anti-fracking movement is a
environmental organizations, and nation states such as France and locally in affected areas such as Balcombe, Sussex, in the UK.[3] Pungești in Romania, Žygaičiai in Lithuania, and In Salah in Algeria.[4] Through the use of direct action, media, and lobbying, the anti-fracking movement is focused on holding the gas and oil industry accountable for past and potential environmental damage, extracting compensation from and taxation of the industry to mitigate impact, and regulation of gas development and drilling activity.[5]
Europe
UK
The
oil extraction
.
On 26 September 2018, four men blocked a convoy of trucks carrying drilling equipment to a site on Preston New Road near
environmental activists to be imprisoned in the UK since the Mass trespass of Kinder Scout in 1932.[6] Following an appeal[7] the sentences were overturned at the Court of Appeal and the imprisoned men were released.[8]
North America
Environmental concerns about
fracking began to take hold in the United States when Josh Fox released Gasland in 2010, a documentary on the social and environmental impacts of fracking. Gasland, depicting the effect of hydraulic fracking on American homeowners near these sites, sparked an increased interest in the anti-fracking movement through the news coverage, social media content, and environmental activism that followed the film’s release.[9] In 2011, the town of Dryden, New York became one of the first communities in the state to ban fracking in their community. This ban was initiated by grass roots activists of the Dryden Resource Awareness Coalition who began collecting signatures for a ballot measure in 2010.[10] By 2014, 400 communities across the country had taken similar actions in their own towns.[10] Notably, in 2014, New York City’s anti-fracking movement won a significant victory, managing to get Governor Cuomo to ban fracking in the state.[11] This victory is due to the large number of environmental groups present and active in New York. In 2020, the New York state legislature codified a ban on fracking permanently into its 2021 budget, constituting a more substantial commitment to end fracking than the executive action taken by Governor Cuomo in 2014.[12] This ban is due to years of grassroots organizing across the state of New York in which activists obtained tens of thousands of petition signatures and convinced 200 municipalities to pioneer their own anti-fracking initiatives.[11]
Celebrity support has also been a notable part of the Anti-Fracking Movement. Actor
In film
- Split Estate (2009)
- Gasland (2010)
- Gasland: Part II(2013)
- The Sky Is Pink (2013)
- Groundswell Rising (2014)
- Frack Off (UK)
- Frackman (Australia, 2015)
- Water is Life (Australia, 2018)
See also
- 2012–14 Romanian protests against shale gas
- Artists Against Fracking
- Balcombe drilling protest
- Environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing
- Frack Off
- Refracktion
Notes and references
- JSTOR 43184432.
- Bibcode:2015AGUFM.U44A..03P.
- ^ Jan Goodey (1 August 2013). "The UK's anti fracking movement is growing". The Ecologist. Retrieved 3 November 2014.
- ^ Olivier Petitjean and Sophie Chapelle. "Shale gas: how Algerians rallied against the Regime and Foreign Oil Companies". multinationales.org. Retrieved 2016-10-10.
- ^ Helman, Christopher. "An Investigation Of The Global Anti-Fracking Movement". Forbes. Retrieved 2022-05-29.
- ^ "Blackpool activists jailed for anti-fracking protest". Guardian. 27 September 2018. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
- ^ "Fracking protesters to appeal against prison sentences". Belfasttelegraph. Belfast Telegraph.co.uk.
- ^ "Anti-fracking activists jailed after protest at Cuadrilla site freed by Court of Appeal judges". Sky News. 17 October 2018.
- ^ "Documentary 'Gasland' pivotal to anti-fracking movement: study". Reuters. 2015-09-02. Retrieved 2022-05-29.
- ^ JSTOR 26948603.
- ^ S2CID 63611830.
- ^ April 03; Guerrero, 2020 Marisa. "New York State Codifies Fracking Ban in Budget". NRDC. Retrieved 2022-05-29.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Mark Ruffalo and Phil Radford (25 April 2013). "Don't Let America Get Fracked". CNN.com. Retrieved 2013-08-15.
- ^ Navarro, Mireya. "Yoko Ono and Sean Lennon Organize Artists Against Fracking".
- The Huffington Post. Retrieved November 2, 2020.