Anti-radiation missile

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
F/A-18C
ALARM under the wing of a Tornado

An anti-radiation missile (ARM) is a

radio emission source.[1] Typically, these are designed for use against an enemy radar, although jammers[2]
and even radios used for communications can also be targeted in this manner.

The earliest known anti-radiation weapon is a variant of the Blohm & Voss BV 246 radar guided bomb.[3]

Air-to-surface

Most ARM designs to date have been intended for use against ground-based radars. Commonly carried by specialist aircraft in the

cluster bombs
, which can be used to ensure that, after the ARM disables the SAM system's radar, the command post, missile launchers, and other components or equipment are also destroyed to guarantee that the SAM site stays down.

Early ARMs, such as the

inertial guidance systems (INS) built-in. This allows them to remember the radar's direction if it is turned off and continue to fly towards it. ARMs are less likely to hit the radar if the radar is turned off shortly after the missile is launched, as the longer the radar is off (and assuming it never turns back on), the more error is introduced into the missile's course. The ALARM
even has an added loiter mode, with a built-in parachute, enabling it to descend slowly until the radar activates, whereupon the rocket motor will re-ignite. Even a temporary shut down of the enemy's missile guidance radar can be of a great advantage to friendly aircraft during battle.

Defence Research and Development Organisation is working on the Rudram series of anti-radiation missiles for Indian Air Force. SIATT with Department of Aerospace Science and Technology of Brazilian Air Force are jointly developing MAR-1.

Surface-to-surface

Several surface-to-surface missiles, like the P-700 Granit, P-500 Bazalt, MM40 Exocet, B-611MR, and Otomat, include a home-on-jam capability wherein the receiver component of their active radar homing is used to home in on enemy radar, ECM or communications. This makes these missiles significantly harder to defeat with ECM and distraction countermeasures, and makes the use of semi-active missiles against them dangerous. Surface launched anti-radiation missiles also found application in the Israeli defense forces, such as an AGM-45 shrike variant which could be fitted on an M4 Sherman tank chassis.[5]


Surface-to-air

Due to experiences with jamming by US-built aircraft in

S-300PMU
. These anti-radiation missile systems have been marketed to Pakistan and various other countries.

Air-to-air

More recently, air-to-air ARM designs have begun to appear, notably the Russian Vympel R-27EP. Such missiles have several advantages over other missile guidance techniques: they do not trigger radar warning receivers (conferring a measure of surprise) and they can have a longer range.[citation needed]

In the 1970s,

MiG-25
. The project did not proceed.

See also

  • AGM-88 HARM – U.S. high-speed air-to-surface anti-radiation missile
  • AKBABA[6]
  • ALARM – British air-launched anti-radiation missile
  • DRDO Rudram
     – Indian anti-radiation missile system
  • Hormoz-2
     – type of ASBM, ARM
  • Kh-31 – Soviet/Russian anti-ship cruise missile
  • Kh-58 – air-launched anti-radiation missile
  • MAR-1 – type of Anti-radiation missile (ARM)Air-to-surface missile
  • Stand-in Attack Weapon[7]
  • TC-2A – Taiwanese beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile with active radar homing
  • YJ-91 – Chinese anti-ship cruise missile

References

  1. ^ "Raytheon Company: High-Speed Anti-Radiation Missile (HARM)". Archived from the original on 6 April 2014. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
  2. ^ "AGM-88 HARM". Archived from the original on 7 July 2014. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
  3. ISBN 978-0-7864-3937-9
    .
  4. ^ "Texas Instruments AGM-45 Shrike". www.designation-systems.net. Archived from the original on 2013-09-22. Retrieved 2014-05-21.
  5. ^ http://[9.0] Anti-Radar Missiles". Archived from the original on 21 November 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
  6. ^ "Turkey's Roketsan develops missile to replace Raytheon weapon". 9 July 2021.
  7. ^ "New SiAW Seen as Modular, Pathfinder Weapon". 15 June 2022.

General references

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anti-radiation_missile&oldid=1206254114"