Antimicrobial spectrum
The antimicrobial spectrum of an
Gram negative bacteria; narrow-spectrum antibiotic can only kill or inhibit limited species of bacteria.[1][2][3]
Currently no antibiotic's spectrum can completely cover all types of microorganisms.[4]
Determination
The antimicrobial spectrum of an antibiotic can be determined by testing its antimicrobial activity against a wide range of microbes in vitro . Nonetheless, the range of microorganisms which an antibiotic can kill or inhibit in vivo may not always be the same as the antimicrobial spectrum based on data collected in vitro.[2][5]
Significance
bacterial resistance and are less likely to disrupt the microbiome (normal microflora).[3] On the other hand, indiscriminate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics may not only induce the development of bacterial resistance and promote the emergency of multidrug-resistant organisms, but also cause off-target effects due to dysbiosis.[3][6] They may also have side effects, such as diarrhea or rash.[7] Generally, a broad antibiotic has more clinical indications, and therefore are more widely used.[2][8] The Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) recommends the use of narrow-spectrum antibiotics whenever possible.[9]
Examples
- Extended-spectrum antibiotic: Ampicillin[1]
- Narrow-spectrum antibiotic: Sarecycline,[10] Vancomycin, Isoniazid[1]
See also
References
- ^ ISBN 978-1-4511-4320-1.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-19-965213-6.
- ^ PMID 29527285.
- ISBN 978-3-540-61138-7.
- ISBN 978-0-08-054214-0.
- PMID 26793178.
- ^ "Comparing Broad- and Narrow-Spectrum Antibiotics for Children with Ear, Sinus, and Throat Infections". www.pcori.org. 2014-10-08. Retrieved 2020-09-05.
- ISBN 978-0-7020-5515-7.
- ^ "Antibiotic Stewardship Statement | HICPAC | CDC". www.cdc.gov. 2019-04-15. Retrieved 2020-09-05.
- PMID 30397052.