Antiochus IX Cyzicenus
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| Antiochus IX Cyzicenus | |
|---|---|
| Antiochus IX Eusebes Cyzicenus | |
Antioch circa 110-109 BC.[1] | |
| King of the Seleucid Empire | |
| Reign | 116 BC–96 BC (with his brother Antiochus VIII Grypus) |
| Predecessor | Antiochus VIII Grypus |
| Successor | Seleucus VI Epiphanes |
| Born | Unknown |
| Died | 96 BC |
| Spouse |
|
| Issue | Antiochus X Eusebes |
| Dynasty | Seleucid |
| Father | Antiochus VII Sidetes |
| Mother | Cleopatra Thea |
Antiochus IX Eusebes Cyzicenus (
The siblings fought a twenty-year civil war. In 112 BC, Antiochus IX's wife,
Biography
The son of Antiochus VII Sidetes and Cleopatra Thea,[2] upon the death of his father in Parthia and his uncle Demetrius II Nicator's return to power (129 BC), his mother sent him to Cyzicus on the Bosporus, thus giving him his nickname.[citation needed]
Following the death of his mother c. 121 BC,[2] Antiochus IX Cyzicenus challenged his half-brother, Antiochus VIII Grypus, for power over Syria.[2]
He returned to Syria in 116 BC to claim the Seleucid throne from his half-brother/cousin Antiochus VIII Grypus, with whom he eventually divided Syria,[citation needed] that same year.[2]
Antiochus IX Cyzicenus was first married to Cleopatra IV, who was said to have been killed in 112 BC[4] by her sister and rival Tryphaena, wife of King Grypus.[5][6][7] After the death of Grypus and Antiochus' capture of the capital, Antiochus married Cleopatra Selene of Syria, the sister of his former wife, Cleopatra IV.[4]
He was subsequently killed in battle by the son of Grypus, Seleucus VI Epiphanes, later in 96 BC.
Legacy
Antiochus IX probably created the Iturean tetrarchy as an ally against Antiochus VIII.[8]
See also
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References
- ^ Oliver D. Hoover, Handbook of Syrian Coins: Royal and Civic Issues, Fourth to First Centuries BC [The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 9], Lancaster/London, Classical Numismatic Group, 2009, pp. 250-251.
- ^ a b c d e Antiochus IX Cyzicenus entry in historical sourcebook by Mahlon H. Smith
- ^ ARTHUR HOUGHTON, THE PORTRAIT OF ANTIOCHUS IX [ Antike Kunst, vol 27, issue 2], Vereinigung der Freunde Antiker Kunst, 1984, pp. 123-128.
- ^ a b "E. R. Bevan: The House of Ptolemy • Chap. XI".
- ^ Aidan Dodson, Dyan Hilton, The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt, 2004
- ^ Cleopatra Thea by Chris Bennett
- ^ Justin 39, 3, 3-11.
- ^ Wright 2005, p. 80.
Sources
- Wright, Nicholas L. (2005). "Seleucid Royal Cult, Indigenous Religious Traditions and Radiate Crowns: The Numismatic Evidence". Mediterranean Archaeology. 18. Sydney University Press: 81. ISSN 1030-8482.
- Vermeule, Cornelius (1970). "Near Eastern, Greek, and Roman Gems: A Recent Gift to the Collections". Boston Museum Bulletin. 68 (353). Museum of Fine Arts, Boston: 197–214. OCLC 866801443.
External links
- An engraved gem. Property of The Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. It probably depicts Antiochus IX.[1]
- ^ Vermeule 1970, p. 205.