Antônio Carlos Jobim
Antônio Carlos Jobim | |
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Antônio Carlos Brasileiro de Almeida Jobim (25 January 1927 – 8 December 1994), also known as Tom Jobim (Portuguese pronunciation: [tõ ʒoˈbĩ] ⓘ), was a Brazilian composer, pianist, guitarist, songwriter, arranger, and singer. Considered one of the great exponents of Brazilian music, Jobim internationalized bossa nova and, with the help of important American artists, merged it with jazz in the 1960s to create a new sound, with popular success. As a result, he is sometimes known as the "father of bossa nova".[1]
Jobim was a primary force behind the creation of the bossa nova style, and his songs have been performed by many singers and instrumentalists internationally since the early 1960s.
In 1965, the album
Early life
Antônio Carlos Jobim was born in the middle-class district of
When Antônio was still an infant, his parents separated and his mother moved with her children (Antônio Carlos and his sister Helena Isaura, born 23 February 1931) to Ipanema, the beachside neighborhood the composer would later celebrate in his songs. In 1935, when the elder Jobim died, Nilza married Celso da Frota Pessoa (died 2 February 1979), who would encourage his stepson's career; it was he who gave Jobim his first piano. Jobim credits his stepfather with encouraging him to pursue music. In an interview with Roberto d'Ávila in 1981, he said, "I hated the piano, I thought it was a girly thing, I liked to play soccer...I had a great stepfather who really helped me get involved with music and convinced me that the piano was not a girly thing."[5] As a young man of limited means, Jobim earned his living by playing in nightclubs and bars and later as an arranger for a recording label before starting to achieve success as a composer.
Later on in the interview with Roberto d’Ávila, Jobim talks about his feelings toward his upbringing. He notes a conversation he had with a friend of his father's, Erico Verissimo, where Verissimo said that Tom Jobim should be sombre due to the absence of his father from a young age. Jobim told d'Ávila, “I was left without a father, clinging to my mother’s skirts…some [men] have ‘excessive’ fathers, the excessive presence of their fathers is a problem, but the absence of a father is also a problem.”[5] Jobim continued with d’Ávila, sharing that it takes something of great influence to bring someone to dedicate their life to music. He said that "people who play the piano well are all handicapped." He mentions the health struggles of both Sergio Mendes who had osteomyelitis and Luiz Eça who had polio. "It takes something really strong to make you leave reality behind and begin to write songs," Jobim shared. With d’Ávila he alludes to his sadness as a young man as being the driving force that motivated him to further his pursuit in music, that he needed to be sad in order to play the piano and write. He concludes on the topic with d’Ávila that, at that point in his life (the interview having taken place in 1981) that he no longer needed to be sad to create music, that he was no longer sad as he was at the beginning of his career.[5]
Musical influences
Jobim's musical roots were planted firmly in the work of
Career
In the 1940s Jobim started to play piano in bars and nightclubs of Rio de Janeiro, and in the first years of the 1950s he worked as an arranger in the Continental Studio, where in April 1953 he had his first composition recorded, when the Brazilian singer Mauricy Moura recorded Jobim's composition "Incerteza", with lyrics by Newton Mendonça.[10][11]
Jobim became prominent in Brazil when he teamed up with poet and diplomat
In 1958 the Brazilian singer and guitarist João Gilberto recorded his first album with two of Jobim's most famous songs, "Desafinado" and "Chega de Saudade". This album inaugurated the Bossa Nova movement in Brazil. The sophisticated harmonies of his songs caught the attention of jazz musicians in the United States, principally after his first performance at Carnegie Hall, in 1962.[12]
A key event in making Jobim's music known in the English-speaking world was his collaboration with the American jazz saxophonist
In talking about his creative process when writing and creating "Girl From Ipanema", Jobim told Roberto d’Ávila in 1981, "It comes to me in a way, then it changes one or two times and all of the sudden, it becomes something that makes sense…it's like the profile of a woman…the profile of a woman, something very discernible, then you say: ‘hey, this is really beautiful…’ then you stare and as soon as you stare, it's gone, I mean it becomes part of the past." Jobim continues, "I mean, every time you draw something it turns into, it's something static… that portrait remains forever."[5]
Collaboration with Elis Regina c. 1974–1982
Jobim and
Personal life
Jobim was married to Thereza Otero Hermanny on 15 October 1949 and had two children with her: Paulo Jobim (1950–2022), an architect and musician, (father of Daniel Jobim (born 1973) and Dora Jobim (born 1976)); and Elizabeth "Beth" Jobim (born 1957), a painter. Jobim and Thereza divorced in 1978. On 30 April 1986, he married 29-year-old photographer Ana Beatriz Lontra, with whom he had two more children: João Francisco Jobim (1979–1998) and Maria Luiza Helena Jobim (born 1987). Daniel, Paulo's son, followed his grandfather to become a pianist and composer,[15] and performed "The Girl from Ipanema" during the opening ceremony of the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro.[16]
Death
In early 1994, after finishing his album
His body
Legacy
Jobim is widely regarded as one of the most important songwriters of the 20th century. Many of his songs are
Jobim was an innovator in the use of sophisticated harmonic structures in popular song. Some of his melodic twists, like the melody insisting on the major seventh of the chord, became commonplace in jazz after he used them.[20]
The Brazilian collaborators and interpreters of Jobim's music include Vinicius de Moraes, João Gilberto (often credited as a co-creator or creator of bossa nova), Chico Buarque, Edu Lobo, Gal Costa, Elis Regina, Sérgio Mendes, Astrud Gilberto and Flora Purim. Significant arrangements of Jobim's compositions were written by Eumir Deodato, Nelson Riddle, and especially the conductor/composer Claus Ogerman.[21]
He won a
Written by Elliott Smith, the ninth track on Oregon alternative rock band Heatmiser's 1994 album Cop and Speeder is entitled "Antonio Carlos Jobim".
American contemporary jazz singer Michael Franks dedicated his 1995 album Abandoned Garden to the memory of Jobim.[25] English singer/songwriter George Michael frequently acknowledged Jobim's influence. His 1996 album Older was dedicated to Jobim,[26] and he recorded "Desafinado" on Red Hot + Rio (1996) with Astrud Gilberto.
The official mascot of the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro, Tom, was named after him.[27]
In 2015, a
Discography and compositions
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References
- ^ "Rio unveils statue of father of bossa nova Tom Jobim". Euronews. 10 December 2014.
- ^ "Ecad divulga rankings no centenario de Vinicius de Moraes". UOL. Archived from the original on 28 July 2020. Retrieved 8 August 2014.
- ^ Programa Roda Viva (TV Cultura), entrevista Tom Jobim Domingo, 19 de Dezembro de 1993 (PGM0385) Online transcription and video of the interview Archived 6 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ISBN 9788585144012.
- ^ a b c d e f Roberto D'Avila interviews Antonio Carlos Jobim (1981) w/ English subtitles, archived from the original on 13 December 2022, retrieved 19 December 2022
- ^ CORADINI, O. L.: Important families and the professional elite within brazilian medicine. História, Ciências, Saúde—Manguinhos, III (3) 425–466, November 1996 – February 1997. Online .pdf Archived 5 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ SILVA, Innocêncio Francisco da: Diccionario Bibliographico Portuguez: Applicaveis a Portugal e ao Brasil, Lisboa 1860, p. 62
- ISBN 978-1-904303-35-0. Archivedfrom the original on 17 March 2023. Retrieved 15 October 2020.
- ^ Antonio Carlos Jobim on the NBC Today Show 1986, archived from the original on 19 December 2022, retrieved 19 December 2022
- ISBN 9781561592630
- ^ "Incerteza". Jobim Institute. Archived from the original on 27 September 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- ^ "Tom Jobim". portal.jobim.org. Archived from the original on 28 May 2020. Retrieved 28 September 2019.
- ^ Les eaux de mars – BnF Data. 1972. Archived from the original on 9 March 2021. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
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ignored (help) - ^ George, Lynell (27 June 2004). "When Elis met Tom ..." Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 19 December 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ Cohen, Aaron (13 September 2012). "Bebel Gilberto doesn't let her family legacy be a road map". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on 8 November 2012. Retrieved 23 April 2013.
- ^ Cantor-Navas, Judy (17 August 2016). "'Girl From Ipanema' Makes Olympic Comeback". Billboard. Archived from the original on 10 May 2018. Retrieved 6 May 2018.
- ISBN 85-7865-011-5
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 9 March 2007. Retrieved 16 February 2007.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Jonglez, Thomas (22 June 2016). "Finding peace with the 'little angels' of Rio's São João Batista cemetery". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 18 September 2021. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
- ^ MacDowell, João; The Harmonic Development of Brazilian Song, Rio de Janeiro, 1999.
- ^ Red Bull Music Academy (2005) Eumir Deodato – Boy from Rio Pt. 1, accessed 6 December 2006. Archived 25 October 2006 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Mendes, Sergio (31 January 2012). "Lifetime Achievement Award: Antonio Carlos Jobim". The Recording Academy. Archived from the original on 3 October 2012. Retrieved 23 April 2013.
- ^ "Special Awards – Latin Songwriters Hall of Fame". Latin Songwriters Hall of Fame. 2013. Archived from the original on 13 March 2014. Retrieved 23 March 2014.
- ^ "The 30 Most Influential Latin Artists of All Time". Billboard. 28 April 2015. Archived from the original on 18 October 2015. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
- ^ O'Toole, Kit (26 March 2008). "Michael Franks's Abandoned Garden an Eloquent Tribute to Jobim". Blogcritics Music. Archived from the original on 13 April 2012. Retrieved 9 March 2012.
- ^ "Serious George Is Back". Newsweek. 19 May 1996. Archived from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 2 February 2019.
- ^ Rio 2016 (15 December 2014). "Rio 2016 Paralympic mascot named 'Tom'". Official Website of the Paralympic Movement. International Paralympic Committee. Archived from the original on 18 August 2016. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - USGS. Archivedfrom the original on 22 May 2022. Retrieved 20 September 2022.
- ^ "Browsing Discos by Date". jobim.org. Archived from the original on 28 September 2019. Retrieved 28 September 2019.
Sources
- Cabral, Sergio (2008). Antônio Carlos Jobim – Uma Biografia (1st ed.). São Paulo, Brazil: IBEP Nacional. ISBN 978-85-7865-011-7.
- Castro, Ruy (2000). Bossa Nova: The Story of the Brazilian Music That Seduced the World (1st English-Language ed.). Chicago: A Capella Books. ISBN 978-1-55652-409-7.
- ISBN 8839713484
- De Stefano, Gildo, Saudade ISBN 978-88-97530-88-6
- McGowan, Chris; Pessanha, Ricardo (2008). The Brazilian Sound: Samba, Bossa Nova and the Popular Music of Brazil (2nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: ISBN 978-1592139293.
External links
- Antônio Carlos Jobim – tribute site
- Antônio Carlos Jobim – remembrance site
- Antônio Carlos Jobim discography at Discogs
- Antônio Carlos Jobim at IMDb
- Antônio Carlos Jobim Archived 15 January 2020 at the Wayback Machine at The Brazilian Sound
- Antônio Carlos Jobim – "Clube do Tom"
- Antônio Carlos Jobim – behind the scenes of the legendary bossa nova concert at Carnegie Hall in 1962 (in Portuguese)