Antonio Damasio
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Antonio Damasio | |
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Grawemeyer Award in Psychology (2014)Paul D. MacLean Award (2019) | |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Cognitive Neuroscience |
Institutions | University of Southern California, University of Iowa |
Thesis | Perturbações neurológicas da linguagem e de outras funções simbólicas (1974) |
Councilor of State | |
In office 24 April 2017 – 14 February 2024 | |
President | Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa |
Preceded by | António Guterres |
Succeeded by | Joana Carneiro |
Website | www |
Antonio Damasio (
Life and work
Neuropsychology |
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During the 1960s, "Damasio studied medicine at the University of Lisbon Medical School, where he also did his neurological residency and completed his doctorate in 1974."[5] "For part of his studies, he researched behavioral neurology under the supervision of Norman Geschwind of the Aphasia Research Center in Boston."[5]
Damasio's main field is
Damasio formulated the somatic marker hypothesis,[6] a theory about how emotions and their biological underpinnings are involved in decision-making (both positively and negatively, and often non-consciously). Emotions provide the scaffolding for the construction of social cognition and are required for the self processes which undergird consciousness.[citation needed] "Damasio provides a contemporary scientific validation of the linkage between feelings and the body by highlighting the connection between mind and nerve cells ... this personalized embodiment of mind."[7]
The somatic marker hypothesis has inspired many
Damasio also proposed that emotions are part of
He has continued to investigate the neural basis of feelings and demonstrated that although the insular cortex is a major substrate for this process it is not exclusive, suggesting that brain stem nuclei are critical platforms as well.[11] He regards feelings as the necessary foundation of sentience.[12]
In another development, Damasio proposed that the cortical architecture on which learning and recall depend involves multiple, hierarchically organized loops of axonal projections that converge on certain nodes out of which projections diverge to the points of origin of convergence (the convergence-divergence zones). This architecture is applicable to the understanding of memory processes and of aspects of consciousness related to the access of mental contents.[13]
In The Feeling of What Happens, Damasio laid the foundations of the "enchainment of precedences": "the nonconscious
According to the University of Iowa's Department of Neurology's website, "Damasio's research depended significantly on establishing the modern human lesion method, an enterprise made possible by Hanna Damasio's structural neuroimaging/neuroanatomy work complemented by experimental neuroanatomy (with Gary Van Hoesen and Josef Parvizi), experimental neuropsychology (with Antoine Bechara, Ralph Adolphs, and Dan Tranel) and functional neuroimaging (with Kaspar Meyer, Jonas Kaplan, and Mary Helen Immordino-Yang)."[5] The experimental neuroanatomy work with Van Hoesen and Bradley Hyman led to the discovery of the disconnection of the hippocampus caused by neurofibrillary tangles in the entorhinal cortex of patients with Alzheimer's disease.[16]
As a clinician, he and his collaborators have studied and treated disorders of
Damasio's books deal with the relationship between emotions and their brain substrates. His 1994 book,
Damasio is a member of the
In 2013, the Escola Secundária António Damásio was dedicated in Lisbon.
He says he writes in the belief that "scientific knowledge can be a pillar to help humans endure and prevail."[22]
He is married to Hanna Damasio, a prominent neuroscientist and frequent collaborator and co-author, who is a professor of neuroscience at the University of Southern California and the director of the Dornsife Neuroimaging Center.
In 2017 he was designated member of the Council of State of Portugal, replacing Antonio Guterres, the 9th Secretary-General of the United Nations.
Damasio additionally serves on the board of directors of the
Selected bibliography
Books
- Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain, Putnam, 1994; revised Penguin edition, 2005
- The Feeling of What Happens: Body and Emotion in the Making of Consciousness, Harcourt, 1999
- Looking for Spinoza: Joy, Sorrow, and the Feeling Brain, Harcourt, 2003
- Self Comes to Mind: Constructing the Conscious Brain, Pantheon, 2010. ISBN 978-1-5012-4695-1
- The Strange Order of Things: Life, Feeling, and the Making of Cultures,[25][26] Pantheon, 2018.
- Feeling and Knowing: Making Minds Conscious, Pantheon, 2021
Selected articles
- Fox G.R.; Kaplan J.; Damasio H.; Damasio A. (2015). "Neural correlates of gratitude". Frontiers in Psychology. 6 (1491): 1491. PMID 26483740.
- Sachs M.; Damasio A.; Habibi A. (2015). "The pleasures of sad music: a systematic review". Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 9 (404): 1–12. PMID 26257625.
- Man K.; Damasio A.; Meyer K.; Kaplan J.T. (2015). "Convergent and invariant object representations for sight, sound, and touch". Human Brain Mapping. 36 (9): 3629–3640. PMID 26047030.
- Habibi A.; Damasio A. (2014). "Music, feelings and the human brain". Psychomusicology: Music, Mind and Brain. 24 (1): 92–102. .
- Man K, Kaplan JT, Damasio H, Damasio A (28 October 2013). "Neural convergence and divergence in the mammalian cerebral cortex: from experimental neuroanatomy to functional neuroimaging". PMID 23840023.
- Araujo HP, Kaplan JT, Damasio A (4 September 2013). "Cortical midline structures and autobiographical-self processes: an activation-likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis". PMID 24027520.
- Damasio, A; Carvalho, GB (2013). "The nature of feelings: Evolutionary and neurobiological origins". Nature Reviews. Neuroscience. 14 (2): 143–52. S2CID 35232202.
- Damasio A, Damasio H, Tranel D (2012). "Persistence of feelings and sentience after bilateral damage of the insula". Cerebral Cortex. 23 (4): 833–46. PMID 22473895.
- Feinstein J, Adolphs R, Damasio A, Tranel D (2011). "The human amygdala and the induction and experience of fear". Current Biology. 21 (1): 1–5. PMID 21167712.
- Meyer K, Kaplan JT, Essex R, Damasio H, Damasio A (2011). "Seeing touch is correlated with content-specific activity in primary somatosensory cortex". Cerebral Cortex. 21 (9): 2113–2121. PMID 21330469.
- Meyer K, Kaplan JT, Essex R, Webber C, Damasio H, Damasio A (2010). "Predicting visual stimuli based on activity in auditory cortices". Nature Neuroscience. 13 (6): 667–668. S2CID 8226089.
- Meyer K, Damasio A (2009). "Convergence and divergence in a neural architecture for recognition and memory". Trends in Neurosciences. 32 (7): 376–382. S2CID 205403597.
- Immordino-Yang MH, McColl A, Damasio H, Damasio A (2009). "Neural correlates of admiration and compassion". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 106 (19): 8021–8026. PMID 19414310.
- Damasio A, Meyer K (2008). "Behind the looking glass". Nature. 454 (7201): 167–168. S2CID 200767224.
- Parvizi J, Van Hoesen G, Buckwalter J, Damasio A (2006). "Neural connections of the posteromedial cortex in the macaque: Implications for the understanding of the neural basis of consciousness". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 103 (5): 1563–1568. PMID 16432221.
- Shiv B, Lowenstein G, Bechara A, Damasio H, Damasio A (2005). "Investment behavior and the negative side of emotion". Psychological Science. 16 (6): 435–439. S2CID 11590885.
- Parvizi J, Damasio AR (2003). "Neuroanatomical correlates of brainstem coma". Brain. 126 (Pt 7): 1524–1536. PMID 12805123.
- Parvizi J, Damasio AR (2001). "Consciousness and the brainstem". Cognition. 79 (1–2): 135–160. S2CID 205872101.
- Damasio AR, Grabowski TJ, Bechara A, Damasio H, Ponto LL, Parvizi J, Hichwa RD (2000). "Subcortical and cortical brain activity during the feeling of self-generated emotions". Nature Neuroscience. 3 (10): 1049–1056. S2CID 3352415.
- Damasio AR. (1999). "How the brain creates the mind". Scientific American. 281 (6): 74–79. PMID 10614073.
- Damasio AR (1998). "Investigating the biology of consciousness". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences. 353 (1377): 1879–1882. PMID 9854259.
- Bechara A, Damasio H, Tranel D, Damasio AR (1997). "Deciding advantageously before knowing the advantageous strategy". Science. 275 (5304): 1293–1294. S2CID 4942279.
- Damasio AR. (1996). "The somatic marker hypothesis and the possible functions of the prefrontal cortex". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences. 351 (1346): 1413–1420. S2CID 1841280.
- Bechara A, Damasio AR, Damasio H, Anderson S (1994). "Insensitivity to future consequences following damage to human prefrontal cortex". Cognition. 50 (1–3): 7–15. S2CID 204981454.
- Adolphs R, Tranel D, Damasio AR (1994). "Impaired recognition of emotion in facial expressions following bilateral damage to the human amygdala". Nature. 372 (6507): 669–672. S2CID 25169376.
- Damasio AR, Tranel D (1993). "Nouns and verbs are retrieved with differently distributed neural systems". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 90 (11): 4957–4960. PMID 8506341.
- Damasio A, Tranel D, Damasio H (1990). "Face agnosia and the neural substrates of memory". Annual Review of Neuroscience. 13: 89–109. PMID 2183687.
- Damasio AR. (1989). "Time-locked multiregional retroactivation: A systems level proposal for the neural substrates of recall and recognition". Cognition. 33 (1–2): 25–62. S2CID 34115898.
- Tranel D, Damasio A (1985). "Knowledge without awareness: An autonomic index of facial recognition by prosopagnosics". Science. 228 (21): 1453–1454. PMID 4012303.
- Hyman B, Van Hoesen GW, Damasio A, Barnes C (1984). "Alzheimer's disease: Cell-specific pathology isolates the hippocampal formation". Science. 225 (4667): 1168–1170. PMID 6474172.
- Damasio A, Geschwind N (1984). "The neural basis of language". Annual Review of Neuroscience. 7: 127–147. PMID 6370077.
- Anderson SW, Bechara A, Damasio H, Tranel D, Damasio AR (1999). "Impairment of social and moral behaviour related to early damage in human prefrontal cortex". Nature Neuroscience. 2 (11): 1032–1037. S2CID 204990285.
See also
References
- ^ "Faculty Profile". Archived from the original on 2020-05-22. Retrieved 2012-10-10.
- ^ "Neurology at Iowa: 100 Years of Progress | Department of Neurology".
- ^ Block, Ned (2010-11-26). "Book Review - By Antonio Damasio". The New York Times. Retrieved 2016-11-08.
- ^ "Antonio Damasio | Speaker | TED".
- ^ a b c "History". Department of Neurology. Retrieved 2023-09-29.
- ^ Damasio AR. "The somatic marker hypothesis and the possible functions of the pre-frontal cortex". Transactions of the Royal Society. (London) 351:1413–1420. 1996.
- ^ Lara Trout. The Politics of Survival (2010). p. 74.
- ^ "APA PsycNet".
- ^ Damasio AR, Grabowski TJ, Bechara A, Damasio H, Ponto LLB, Parvizi J, Hichwa RD. Subcortical and cortical brain activity during the feeling of self-generated emotions" Nature Neuroscience 3:1049–1056. 2000
- PMID 22473895.
- PMID 22473895.
- OCLC 1098213554.)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - ^ Damasio AR. Time-locked multiregional retroactivation: a systems level proposal for the neural substrates of recall and recognition" Cognition 33:25–62. 1989
- ISBN 978-0-15-100369-3.
- OCLC 1098213554.)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - ^ Hyman B, Van Hoesen GW, Damasio A, Barnes C. Alzheimer's disease: cell-specific pathology isolates the hippocampal formation" Science 225:1168–1170. 1984
- ^ In January 2010, Sciences Humaines named it one of the 20 books that changed the vision of the world. The book has been cited over 13,000 times
- ^ Sati, Amanda. The Feeling of What Happens: Body and Emotion in the Making of Consciousness, Antonio Damasio. Heinemann: London 1999 (Review) (doc). p. 3. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 9, 2021.
- ^ Damasio, António. "Self Comes to Mind". Archived from the original on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2013-10-11.
- ^ "Damasio wins Grawmeyer Psychology Award". 3 December 2013.
- ^ Damasio, António. "USC faculty website".
- ^ António R. Damasio, Descartes' Error (New York 1994) p. 252
- ^ "Board of Directors Archives".
- ^ Stanley, Alessandra "The Billionaire Who's Building a Davos of His Own", The New York Times, April 16, 2016. Accessed December 27, 2016.
- PMID 32094854.
- ^ Banville, John (2 February 2018). "The Strange Order of Things by Antonio Damasio review – why feelings are the unstoppable force". The Guardian. Retrieved 5 March 2018.
External links
- USC Faculty page
- Brain and Creativity Institute
- Antonio Damasio at TED
- Audio of António Damasio 2003 lecture, "Emotion, Feeling, and Social Behavior: The Brain Perspective" at Walter Chapin Simpson Center for the Humanities
- Ideas of António Damasio – JRSM book review
- Antonio Damasio in conversation with Craig Calhoun on YouTube