Antonio de Olivares

Edit links
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Antonio De Olivares
Franciscan

Antonio de San Buenaventura y Olivares or simply Fray Antonio de Olivares (1630 - 1722) was a

Presidio San Antonio de Bexar, and the Acequia Madre de Valero
.

Biography

Monument to Antonio de Olivares in Texas

Early career

Antonio de San Buenaventura y Olivares was born in

Franciscan convent of San Francisco de Moguer.[1]

In 1665, at the age of thirty-five years old, he went on a religious expedition to the Americas, along with 19 other religious. Once in Americas, in the Convent of Querétaro, he received the training he needed to engage with the natives, in their work of evangelization. It was this monastery from which they went on various expeditions in Texas, since this was a strategically important place for the crown. In 1675 Fray Antonio de Olivares, Fray Francisco Hidalgo, Fray Juan Larios and Fernando del Bosque were sent to explore the region beyond the Rio Grande, to assess the possibility for new settlements in the area.

On January 1, 1699, Olivares was chosen to go along with Marcos de Guereña of the

Río de Sabinas, the priests joined Father Francisco Hidalgo and on January 1, 1700, participated in the founding of Mission San Juan Bautista, located in the present Guerrero, Coahuila.[2]

On March 1, 1700, Olivares founded in the valley of the Circumcision the mission of San Bernardo and Mission San Francisco Solano, 5 miles (8.0 km) from the Rio Grande in Coahuila, Mexico. Today's municipality of Guerrero is the approximate location of the mission.[3] In 1706 he was appointed guardian of the College of Santa Cruz de Querétaro, where he remained three years.[2]

San Antonio

In 1709, he participated in the expedition headed by Pedro de Aguirre. Together with Fray Isidro de Espinosa, they explored the territory from the modern-day city of San Antonio to the Colorado River. The same year he traveled to Spain to convince the authorities of the importance of maintaining and establishing new missions on the banks of the San Antonio River, in present San Antonio. He remained in Spain six years.[2]

In 1716, Fray Antonio wrote to the Viceroy of New Spain,

Viceroyalty gave formal approval for the mission in late 1716, assigning responsibility for its establishment to Martín de Alarcón, the governor of Coahuila y Tejas.[4]

Misión de San Antonio de Valero, San Antonio (Texas
)

Fray Antonio de Olivares organized the founding of the new mission from the adjacent

San Antonio de Valero, a name derived from "San Antonio de Padua" and Viceroy of New Spain, Marquess of Valero. The mission was located near a community of Coahuiltecan and was originally inhabited by about four indigenous tribes people converted from Mission San Francisco Solano.[4]

Unfortunately, his work was suspended for some time from an accident he had while crossing a bridge. The foot of the animal he was riding slipped into a hole, causing him to fall violently to the ground and break his leg. When he could walk again, the mission had changed its location to the west bank of the river, where floods were less likely. On orders of his religious order, Fray Antonio de Olivares transferred the Mission San Francisco Solano to the new

mission of San Antonio de Valero.[4]

He also built the

Presidio San Antonio de Bexar, on the west side of the San Antonio River approximately 1 mile from the mission.[4] It was designed to protect the system of missions and civilian settlements in central Texas
and to ensure Spanish claims in the region against possible encroachment from other European powers. The presidium consisted of an adobe building, thatched with grass, with soldiers quartered in brush huts. Settlers concentrated around the complex and mission began to form the town of Bejar or Bexar. As the bulwark of Spanish Texas, located in the center of several operating missions, Bejar escaped the anxieties of other settlements. Resisting occasional Indian attacks, it became the main unit of walled defense.

The operational complex was completed with the construction of the first canal in Texas (Acequia Madre de Valero),[6] 6 miles long, built to irrigate 400 hectares and supply of the inhabitants of the new facilities. It was vital to the missions to be able to divert and control water from the San Antonio River, in order to grow crops and to supply water to the people in the area. This particular aqueduct was the beginning of a much wider water system. Acequia Madre de Valero ran from the area currently known as Brackenridge Park southward to what is now Hemisfair Plaza and South Alamo Street.[7] Part of it that is not viewable by the public runs beneath the Menger Hotel. The aqueduct was restored in 1968 and that year was designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark.[8]

Presidio San Antonio de Bexar, San Antonio (Texas
).

Fray Antonio de Olivares was aided by

Presidio San Antonio de Bexar, and the Acequia Madre de Valero
.

On May 1, 1718, according to a certified statement Don

Misión de San Antonio de Valero, later known as "The Alamo".[4]

On May 5

Presidio San Antonio de Bexar was founded on the west side of the San Antonio River, from which comes the present city of San Antonio, Texas. The event, chaired by Martin de Alarcón, settled around 30 families in the surrounding area.[4]

On July 8, 1718, the first baptism was held at the new Mission San Antonio de Valero, as reflected in the mission's baptismal register.[4]

In 1719, Margil obtained permission from the Marqués de San Miguel de Aguayo to found a second mission at San Antonio, and Father Olivares opposed it. Despite this, the Zacatecan Franciscans founded

Mission San José y San Miguel de Aguayo
next to the San Antonio River on February 23, 1720.

On September 8, 1720, after suffering a broken leg and worse health, Olivares retired from Mission Valero.[2] He returned to the monastery of Querétaro where he died in 1722.

See also

References

  1. ISSN 2444-2933
    .
  2. ^ a b c d Randell G. Tarín (November 26, 2008). "Handbook of Texas Online:OLIVARES, ANTONIO DE SAN BUENAVENTURA Y". Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved June 11, 2012.
  3. ^ Weddle, Robert S. "San Francisco Solano Mission". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved September 28, 2012.
  4. ^
    Adina Emilia De Zavala (December 8, 1917). "History and legends of The Alamo and others missions in and around San Antonio"
    . History legends of de Zarichs Online. Retrieved July 16, 2013.
  5. ^ "Historic Camps and Crossings on the Medina and San Antonio Rivers". Beyond Texas History.com. Retrieved 2020-09-30.
  6. ISBN 978-1-55885-181-8
    .
  7. ISBN 978-1-58979-243-2
    .
  8. ^ "Acequia Madre de Valero". Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks. Texas Historical Commission. Retrieved October 11, 2012.

Sources

  • DIAZ DEL CASTILLO, Bernal: Historia verdadera de la conquista de nueva España. Madrid, 1975 (History of the Conquest of New Spain. Madrid, 1975).
  • ROPERO REGIDOR, Diego. Franciscanos andaluces de la tierra de Huelva en Indias. Universidad de Sevilla, 1985 (Franciscans of the land of
    Universidad de Sevilla
    , 1985)
  • DOMINGUEZ, Maria Esther: San Antonio, Tejas, en la época colonial (1718–1821). Ediciones de Cultura Hispánica, 1989 (San Antonio, Texas, during the colonial period. Ediciones de Cultura Hispánica, 1989)
  • ROPERO REGIDOR, Diego. Franciscanos de Moguer en América. Col. "Montemayor", Archivo Histórico Municipal; Fundación Municipal Cultura, Moguer, 2007(Moguer Franciscans in America. Col. "Montemayor", Municipal Archives, Municipal Cultural Foundation, Moguer, 2007).

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antonio_de_Olivares&oldid=1146756473"