Apache Struts 1
This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (April 2009) |
Apache Software Foundation | |
Initial release | May 2000 |
---|---|
Final release | 1.3.10
/ December 8, 2008 |
Written in | Apache License 2.0 |
Website | struts |
Apache Struts 1 is an
The WebWork framework spun off from Apache Struts aiming to offer enhancements and refinements while retaining the same general architecture of the original Struts framework. However, it was announced in December 2005 that Struts would re-merge with WebWork. WebWork 2.2 has been adopted as Apache Struts 2, which reached its first full release in February 2007.
In addition to the current and constantly evolving successor version Struts 2, a clone of Struts 1 exists since 2022, which updates the legacy framework of Struts 1 to a current Jakarta EE compatible stack.[1]
Design goals and overview
In a standard
The goal of Struts is to separate the model (application logic that interacts with a database) from the view (HTML pages presented to the client) and the controller (instance that passes information between view and model). Struts provides the controller (a servlet known as ActionServlet
) and facilitates the writing of templates for the view or presentation layer (typically in JSP, but
struts-config.xml
that binds together model, view, and controller.
Requests from the client are sent to the controller in the form of "Actions" defined in the configuration file; if the controller receives such a request it calls the corresponding Action class that interacts with the application-specific model code. The model code returns an "ActionForward", a string telling the controller what output page to send to the client. Information is passed between model and view in the form of special JavaBeans. A powerful custom tag library allows it from the presentation layer to read and write the content of these beans without the need for any embedded Java code.
Struts is categorized as a Model 2 request-based web application framework.[2]
Struts also supports internationalization by web forms, and includes a template mechanism called "Tiles" that (for instance) allows the presentation layer to be composed from independent header, footer, menu navigation and content components.
See also
References
- ^ Graff, Stefan (2024). "Struts1 - Reloaded". Github. Retrieved 2024-02-13.
- ISBN 0-7695-2645-4. Retrieved 2010-10-10.
Bibliography
- ISBN 0-07-223131-9
- Bill Dudney and Jonathan Lehr: Jakarta Pitfalls, Wiley, ISBN 978-0-471-44915-7
- ISBN 0-596-00771-X
- ISBN 0-7645-4437-3
- John Carnell and ISBN 1-59059-228-X
- John Carnell, ISBN 1-59059-255-7
- ISBN 1-930110-50-2
- Struts View Assembly and Validation, (PDF format).
- Stephan Wiesner: Learning Jakarta Struts 1.2, Packt Publishing, 2005 ISBN 1-904811-54-X