Apocrine

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Exocrine secretion
Merocrine or eccrine – by exocytosis
Apocrine – by membrane budding (loss of cytoplasm)
Holocrine – by membrane rupture

Apocrine (

apical ends, often forming blebs or "snouts", and this material then buds off from the cells, forming extracellular vesicles. The secretory cells therefore lose part of their cytoplasm
in the process of secretion.

An example of true apocrine glands is the mammary glands, responsible for secreting breast milk.[2] Apocrine glands are also found in the anogenital region and axillae.[3]

Apocrine secretion is less damaging to the gland than holocrine secretion (which destroys a cell) but more damaging than merocrine secretion (exocytosis).

  • Apocrine secretion
    Apocrine secretion
  • Apocrine gland
    Apocrine gland
  • Histology of apocrine cells, H&E stain.
    Histology of apocrine cells, H&E stain.

Apocrine metaplasia

Micrograph showing apocrine metaplasia of the breast with typical features,[4] including apical snouts with eosinophilic granules. H&E stain.

Apocrine metaplasia is a reversible transformation (

acidophilic
, granular cytoplasm (from the Greek root onco-, which means mass, bulk).

Apocrine ductal carcinoma in situ

Main article: Pure apocrine carcinoma of the breast § Apocrine ductal carcinoma in situ

Apocrine ductal carcinoma in situ (ACDIS) is a very rare breast carcinoma which is regarded as a variant of the ductal carcinoma in situ breast tumors. ACDIS tumors have microscopic histopathology features that are similar to pure apocrine carcinoma of the breast tumors but differ from them in that they are completely localized, i.e. have not invaded nearby tissues or metastasized to distant tissues.[7]

Apocrine carcinoma

Main article: Pure apocrine carcinoma of the breast

Apocrine carcinoma is a very rare form of female breast cancer. The rate of incidence varies from 0.5 to 4%.[8] Cytologically, the cells of apocrine carcinoma are relatively large, granular, and it has a prominent eosinophilic cytoplasm.[9] When apocrine carcinoma is tested as a “triple negative", it means that the cells of the patient cannot express the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, or HER2 receptor.[10]

References

  1. ^ "Apocrine | Meaning of Apocrine by Lexico". Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on July 26, 2020.
  2. ^ Mescher AL, "Chapter 4. Epithelial Tissue" (Chapter). Mescher AL: Junqueira's Basic Histology: Text & Atlas, 12e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=6180489.
  3. PMID 29489220
    .
  4. ^ Image by Mikael Häggström, MD. Reference for findings: Carlos C. Diez Freire, M.D., Shahla Masood, M.D. "Apocrine metaplasia". Pathology Outlines.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Last author update: 28 May 2020.
  5. ^ Dr Ayush Goel and Radswiki et al. Apocrine metaplasia of the breast.http://radiopaedia.org/articles/apocrine-metaplasia-of-the-breast
  6. PMID 18042688
    .
  7. PMID 34537861
    .
  8. ^ Khandeparkar, Siddhi Gaurish Sinai, Sanjay D. Deshmukh, and Pallavi D. Bhayekar. "A rare case of apocrine carcinoma of the breast: Cytopathological and immunohistopathological study." Journal of Cytology/Indian Academy of Cytologists 31.2 (2014): 96.
  9. ^ "Final Diagnosis -- Case 209". Archived from the original on 2000-03-12. Retrieved 2014-11-03. (accessed November 3, 2014)
  10. ^ Potter, Michelle. "A[pcrome Breast Cancer - Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center". www.hopkinsmedicine.org.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Apocrine&oldid=1210746933"